Paúl Gonzáles

Distribution models and species discovery: the story of a new Solanum species from the Peruvian Andes

Abstract A new species of Solanum sect. Solanum from Peru is described here. Solanum pseudoamericanum Särkinen, Gonzáles & S.Knapp sp. nov. is a member of the Morelloid clade of Solanum, and is characterized by the combination of mostly forked inflorescences, flowers with small stamens 2.5 mm long including the filament, and strongly exerted styles with capitate stigmas. The species was first thought to be restricted to the seasonally dry tropical forests of southern Peru along the dry valleys of Río Pampas and Río Apurímac. Results from species distribution modelling (SDM) analysis with climatic predictors identified further potential suitable habitat areas in northern and central Peru. These areas were visited during field work in 2013. A total of 17 new populations across the predicted distribution were discovered using the model-based sampling method, and five further collections were identified amongst herbarium loans. Although still endemic to Peru, Solanum pseudoamericanum is now known from across northern, central and southern Peru. Our study demonstrates the usefulness of SDM for predicting new occurrences of rare plants, especially in the Andes where collection densities are still low in many areas and where many new species remain to be discovered.

Four new non-spiny Solanum (Solanaceae) species from South America.

Abstract Four new species of “non-spiny” Solanum from South America are described. Solanum longifilamentum Särkinen & P.Gonzáles, sp. nov. (Morelloid clade) is widespread from Ecuador to Bolivia and is most similar to Solanum macrotonum Dunal from Central and northern South America. Solanum antisuyo Särkinen & S.Knapp, sp. nov. (Morelloid clade) is found on the eastern Andean slopes in Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia and is most similar to the widespread lower elevation species Solanum polytrichostylum Bitter. Solanum arenicola Särkinen & P.Gonzáles, sp. nov. (Morelloid clade) is found in low elevation habitats on the eastern Andean slopes and in Amazonia of Peru and Bolivia and is most similar to the higher elevation species Solanum aloysiifolium Dunal of Bolivia and Argentina. Solanum mariae Särkinen & S.Knapp, sp. nov. (Potato clade) is endemic to Cajamarca Department in Peru, and is most similar to the widespread Solanum caripense Dunal. Complete descriptions, distributions and preliminary conservation assessments of all new species are given.

2488) Proposal to conserve the name Salpichroa against Nectouxia (Solanaceae)

Fil: Barboza, Gloria Estela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Cordoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Fisicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal; Argentina

RIQUEZA Y DISTRIBUCIÓN DE ASTERACEAE EN EL DEPARTAMENTO DE LIMA (PERÚ)

Resumen La familia Asteraceae posee una alta riqueza de especies dentro de la flora peruana y principalmente dentro de los Andes. En la presente contribucion se reporta una lista de 306 especies de asteraceas para el departamento de Lima (Peru), de las cuales 290 son nativas, mientras que 15 son introducidas y/o cultivadas. Un total de 99 especies de asteraceas (34 % de las especies nativas) son endemicas de Peru. Ademas, 20 especies se encuentran solamente en pequenas poblaciones unicamente en el departamento de Lima. El pico de diversidad del total de especies y de especies endemicas es observado entre 3000-3500 m de elevacion. Canta tiene el mas alto numero de especies (194 spp.) y de especies endemicas (46 spp.), seguida por Yauyos (159/31) y Huarochiri (97/30). Los actuales patrones de diversidad estan altamente correlacionados con la densidad de colecciones, por lo que es necesario una mayor colecta en todas las provincias, especialmente en Oyon y Cajatambo, donde existen pocas colecciones y por presentar areas similares a los departamentos de Ancash y Huanuco podrian albergar nuevos registros para Lima. Se proponen dos nuevas combinaciones en el genero Lomanthus : Lomanthus cantensis y L. cuatrecasasii . Palabras clave: Andes occidentales, Compositae, diversidad, endemismo, Peru. Abstract The family Asteraceae is among the most species-rich family, both of the Peruvian flora and of the tropical Andes in general. The present revised checklist reports 306 species of Asteraceae for the Lima Department, of which 290 are native, while 15 are introduced and/or cultivated. A total of 99 Asteraceae species (34 % of native species) are endemic to Peru. Additionally, 20 species occur only in small number of populations and exclusively in Lima. Species diversity is observed to peak between 3000-3500 m elevation, similar to the endemic species. Canta has the highest species number (194 spp.) and endemic species (46 spp.), followed by Yauyos (159/31) and Huarochiri (97/30). Current diversity patterns are highly correlated with collection densities, and further collecting is needed across all provinces, especially from Oyon and Cajatambo, where there are few collections and similar ecological conditions to the departments of Ancash and Huanuco that could bring new records for Lima. Two new combinations in Lomanthus are proposed: Lomanthus cantensis and L. cuatrecasasii . Keywords: western slopes of the Andes, Compositae, diversity, endemic species, Peru.

Weberbauera incisa (Brassicaceae), a New Species from Southern Peru

Abstract.  Weberbauera incisa Al-Shehbaz, P. Gonzáles & A. Cano (Brassicaceae), a new species from southern Peru, is described and illustrated. It differs from the closely related W. spathulifolia (A. Gray) O. E. Schulz by being completely glabrous and by having incised leaves, flattened and papery petioles of basal leaves, and torulose fruits.

Flora y vegetación del distrito de Santa Rosa de Quives, provincia de Canta (Lima)

Resumen Se presentan los resultados del estudio de la flora y vegetacion en el distrito de Santa Rosa de Quives (Canta, Lima, Peru). Los resultados estan basados en colectas intensivas entre los 550 y 3200 m de altitud (entre los anos 2009 y 2012), consulta a ejemplares de herbarios (USM, MOL, MO, F) y revision bibliografica. La flora vascular de este distrito esta integrada por 453 especies agrupadas en 291 generos y 77 familias. Las eudicotiledoneas son el grupo dominante con 378 especies (84 %), seguido por las monocotiledoneas con 68 (15 %), los pteridofitos estan escasamente representados por 6 especies (1.3 %), mientras que las Gnetophyta registran solo una especie (0.3 %). Las familias con mayor numero de generos y especies son: Asteraceae (45 generos/66 especies), Poaceae (29/41), Solanaceae (14/32), Malvaceae (17/29), Fabaceae (21/27), Convolvulaceae (5/16), Amaranthaceae (5/14) y Euphorbiaceae (8/14). Estas ocho familias conforman el 53 % de toda la flora registrada para el area de estudio. Las formas biologicas dominantes son las hierbas (65 %), seguida por los arbustos y sufrutices (32 %), y arboles (3 %). Cuatro tipos de vegetacion han sido diferenciados: piso desertico, piso de cactaceas columnares, monte ribereno y matorral; constituyendose este ultimo como el mas diverso. Se reportan 62 taxones exclusivos para el Peru, con 17 especies restringidas al departamento de Lima. Palabras clave: vegetacion, diversidad floristica, valle del Chillon, vertientes occidentales, Lima. Abstract The flora of Santa Rosa de Quives District (Canta, Lima, Peru) is presented. The checklist is based on intensive collections between 550 and 3200 meters of altitude, between years 2009 and 2012; it is also based on consulted herbarium specimens (USM, MOL, MO, F) and bibliographical review. There are 453 species of vascular plants reported, grouped in 291 genera and 77 families. The eudicots are the dominant group with 378 species (84 %), followed by the monocots with 68 (15 %). Pteridophytes are scarcely represented with 6 species (1.3 %). One species of Gnetophyta is reported (0.3 %). The families with more genera and species are Asteraceae (45 genera/66 species), Poaceae (29/41), Solanaceae (14/32), Malvaceae (17/29), Fabaceae (21/27), Convolvulaceae (5/16), Amaranthaceae (5/14) and Euphorbiaceae (8/14). These eight families make up 53 % of all plants recorded for the study area. Herbs were dominant (65 %), followed by shrubs and subshrubs (32 %) and trees (3 %). We have differentiated the following types of vegetation: desert zone, zone of columnar cacti, riverine forest and shrubland. The shrubland is the most diverse in species. We report 62 taxa unique to Peru of which 17 species are restricted to the department of Lima. Keywords: vegetation, floristic diversity, Chillon Valley, western slopes, Lima.