Paul Israelsen

A review on inductive charging for electric vehicles

The scarce supply of fossil fuel in the mere future has driven the development of electric vehicles (EV) worldwide. Plug-in connectors have been commonly proposed for EV charging, however, these systems have disadvantages such as safety, esthete, and operation in snow. Therefore, a new method to inductively charge the vehicle without any physical contact has been proposed. This paper presents a state of the art literature review on the recent advancements of Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) technology used in EV charging. A possible future technology to solve the inherent range anxiety problem is also presented using roadway electrification and in-motion power transfer concepts.

Design of Symmetric Voltage Cancellation Control for LCL converters in Inductive Power Transfer Systems

This paper presents a new design strategy for Symmetric Voltage Cancellation (SVC) Control used in LCL converters for Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) Systems. It was found that the operating mode that eliminated diode reverse recovery losses in the H-bridge had particularly low losses. An analytical technique is used to calculate the operating modes. Three common control schemes used in LCL converters were computed and normalized graphs are produced to aid designers in making engineering tradeoffs between more efficient switching schemes, total harmonic distortion (THD) and the overall cost of the converter. For a typical LCL converter example, total losses in the H-bridge can be reduced by a factor of 11 by restricting operation to a mode with no diode reverse recovery loss.

A co-boresighted synchronized ladar/EO imager for creating 3D images of dynamic scenes

An integrated ladar/EO imager has been developed that synchronizes and aligns CMOS digital camera readouts with the scan motion of a time-of-flight pulsed ladar . A prototype has been developed at the Utah State University Center for Advanced Imaging Ladar that reads out a 13 by 13 patch of RGB pixels within the subtended angle of a single ladar beam footprint. The readout location for the patch is slaved to the ladar and follows the ladar beam as it is scanned within the field-of-view. As the scanning occurs, the x-y-z position of each footprint and associated image patch is determined via the ladar. Multiple patches can then be mosaiked to build up a 3D image composed of 3D texture elements (texels) or 3D splats. Because of its ability to produce texels on-the-fly, the system is called a Texel Camera. The approach precludes mismatched occlusions and other ill-effects when motion occurs in the scene. The existing prototype consists of a single-channel flying-spot ladar running at approximately 470 shots/second and a color imager running at approximately 160 times the shot rate. Other designs are in development that employ line-flash and array flash ladar components that will run at pixel rates up to two orders of magnitude faster. The ability to create high-fidelity combined ladar/EO data sets in real time will be advantageous for time-critical applications such as cruise missile automatic target recognition. The design has the potential for applications in space rendezvous and dock, airborne automatic target recognition, surveillance from a tripod, and others that benefit from real-time 3D imagery creation.

Variable block size multistage VQ for video coding

In this paper, a video coding algorithm based on multistage vector quantization (MVQ) and rate distortion functions is proposed. Each frame is divided into 16/spl times/16 blocks. Each block is encoded using variable block size MVQ and/or block-based motion compensation. For the MVQ coding, each block is partitioned into blocks (or vectors) of size 256, 128, 64, 32, 16, and 8 pixels. The rate-distortion measurements associated with the different block sizes are used to select the partitioning of a particular block. The bit rate allocated to each frame depends upon a buffer fullness function as well as rate-distortion information for the frame. The proposed algorithm has low computational complexity for the decoder.

A Handheld Texel Camera for Acquiring Near-Instantaneous 3D Images

A Texel camera is a device which synchronously captures depth information via a ladar and digital imagery of the same scene. The ladar and digital camera are co-boresighted to eliminate parallax. This configuration fuses the ladar data to the digital image at the pixel level, eliminating complex post-processing to register the datasets. This paper describes a handheld version of a Texel Camera which can be used to create near-instantaneous 3D imagery. The hardware configuration of the Texel Camera, issues and method associated with ladar/camera calibration, and representative imagery are presented.

VLSI implementation of a vector quantization processor

Summary form only given. This presentation contains a discussion of the needs for a hardware Vector Quantization processor and the trade-offs involved in its design and implementation. The Codebook Processor Chip (CPC16) is a VQ processor capable of finding a full-search best match on sixteen codevectors in parallel. Maximum vector size is 625 samples. Full search of larger codebooks is possible by cascading several chips in parallel. Tree search and multi-stage searches are possible by cascading multiple chips in series in a pipeline structure.<<ETX>>

Eyesafe ladar testbed with coaxial color imager

A new experimental full-waveform LADAR system has been developed that fuses a pixel-aligned color imager within the same optical path. The Eye-safe LADAR Test-bed (ELT) consists of a single beam energy-detection LADAR that raster scans within the same field of view as an aperture-sharing color camera. The LADAR includes a pulsed 1.54 μm Erbium-doped fiber laser; a high-bandwidth receiver; a fine steering mirror for raster scanning; and a ball joint gimbal mirror for steering over a wide field of regard are all used. The system has a 6 inch aperture and the LADAR has pulse rate of up to 100 kHz. The color imager is folded into the optical path via a cold mirror. A novel feature of the ELT is its ability to capture LADAR and color data that are registered temporally and spatially. This allows immediate direct association of LADAR-derived 3D point coordinates with pixel coordinates of the color imagery. The mapping allows accurate pointing of the instrument at targets of interest and immediate insight into the nature and source of the LADAR phenomenology observed. The system is deployed on a custom van designed to enable experimentation with a variety of objects.