Paulo Afonso Parreira Júnior

An Overview on Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering Area

Background: Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering (AORE) is a research field that aims to provide appropriate strategies for identification, modularization and composition of crosscutting concerns (also called early-aspects). Several AORE approaches have been developed recently, with different features, strengths and limitations. Goals: the aim of this paper is threefold: (i) cataloguing existing AORE approaches based on the activities encompassed by them; (ii) describing what types of techniques have been used by these approaches for “Concern Identification and Classification” – a bottleneck activity; and (iii) identifying which are the most used means of publication of AORE-based studies and how it has been the progress of these studies over the years. Results: we have selected and analyzed 60 (sixty) papers and among them, we identified 38 (thirty-eight) AORE distinct approaches. Some interesting results are: (i) few approaches lead to “Conflict Identification and Resolution”, an activity responsible for discovering and treating the mutual influence between different concerns existing in a software; (ii) there is a lack of evaluation studies about already existing AORE approaches; (iii) the most productive research institutions on AORE in the world are located in Lancaster (UK) and Nova Lisboa (Portugal); among other.

Recovering Class Models Stereotyped with Crosscutting Concerns

An aspect-oriented software reengineering process allows transforming object-oriented legacy software into aspect-oriented software. One of the main steps of this evolutionary process is reverse engineering which recovers the current software model to obtain a more abstract view of software structure, architecture, and functionality. However, recovering aspect-oriented models from Java object-oriented code is not a straightforward task because it involves a lot of design decisions and the new abstractions provided by aspect-oriented programming. So, an approach and technological support are presented to recover object-oriented models stereotyped with crosscutting concern indications which are identified automatically from object-oriented code.

OnTheme/Doc

Context: Aspect-Oriented Requirements Engineering (AORE) is a research field that provides the most appropriate strategies for identification, modularization and composition of CrossCutting Concerns (CCC). Problem: in last years, researchers have developed several AORE approaches. However, some experimental studies have found problems with the accuracy of these approaches, regarding to the CCC identification recall. This mainly occurs, due to: (i) the lack of knowledge presented by the users of these approaches about the crosscutting nature of CCC; and (ii) the lack of resources to support users of these approaches during to CCC identification. Goal: this work aims to improve the values of the recall and precision metrics of a well-known AORE approach, called Theme/Doc, with regard to CCC identification. To do this, we propose an extension of this approach, called OnTheme/Doc, in which the CCC identification activity is supported by ontologies. Experimental results: the data obtained from an experimental study performed on OnTheme/Doc showed a significant increasing of recall, without negative effects on the precision and execution time of the approach.

Mining crosscutting concerns with ComSCId: A rule-based customizable mining tool

One of the first steps when reengineering legacy systems into aspect-oriented ones is to identify the crosscutting concerns (CCC) presented in the architecture of the former; a process known as aspect mining. However, this is a time- consuming and error-prone task when conducted manually. In this paper, we present a customizable mining tool, called ComSCId, which searches for the CCC in legacy Java systems in an automatic way. ComSCId owns a repository which stores all the rules used as base for the mining process. In this repository there are pre-defined rules for some ordinary CCC like persistence, buffering and logging. Moreover, the main characteristic of this repository is its flexibility, since it allows adding new rules or customizing the existing ones to specific contexts or domains. We conducted two studies to evaluate ComSCId and we have observed high percentages of identification coverage when using this tool in an incremental way.

SCATeDi: Sistema Inteligente para Avaliação de Desempenho Escolar em Avaliações Discursivas

A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo a avaliacao das consequencias da colaboracao entre alunos leigos em musica atraves de atividades educacionais envolvendo a composicao musical com suporte computacional. Foi realizado um estudo de caso que teve uma parte exploratoria e outra explanatoria. A exploratoria teve o objetivo de comparar o discurso entre os alunos de dois grupos na atividade de composicao musical colaborativa realizada. Ja a parte explanatoria teve o objetivo de entender a percepcao dos participantes sobre sua producao individual comparada a sua producao colaborativa. Um dos resultados parece indicar que atividades de aprendizagem de musica por composicao colaborativa sao melhores vistas pelos aprendizes, quando comparadas as mesmas atividades executadas de maneira individual. Alem disso, foi visto que os alunos parecem perceber o “discurso musical” de seus colegas e refletem sobre ele, adaptando suas contribuicoes individuais.Este artigo aborda a utilizacao das Tecnologias Educacionais em Rede, especialmente o recurso Wiki, na disciplina de Supervisao de Estagio em um Programa Especial de Graduacao de Formacao de Professores para a Educacao Profissional e Tecnologica. Analisou-se os registros feitos por vinte e nove estudantes e o respectivo orientador, referentes aos planos de aula e sua implementacao. As postagens geraram reflexoes no espaco Wiki, proporcionando categorias de elementos indicadores para a supervisao dos futuros estagios, na forma de rede de conversacao. A possibilidade de acompanhamentos, orientacoes, avaliacoes e aprendizagens tornou-se efetivamente um periodo de construcao de experiencias, alem do espaco academico.Este artigo descreve o modelo de trabalho adotado pelo Projeto Lotus para a transformacao de maquinas caca-niqueis em computadores com o sistema operacional Linux e a suite educacional GCompris como um esforco para melhorar a inclusao digital nas escolas municipais do ensino fundamental em Balneario Camboriu, SC. Os resultados obtidos entre 2009 e 2012 foram a instalacao de 12 laboratorios nos nucleos de educacao infantil, 122 computadores e um total de 2.433 estudantes favorecidos.O presente artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre a insercao do Projeto Um Computador por Aluno na realidade escolar, apresentando experiencias de praticas pedagogicas utilizando-se do software Squeak Etoys, disponivel no laptop educacional. O trabalho apresenta um breve recorte historico a respeito do projeto citado, sobre sua insercao nas escolas publicas e da dinâmica da formacao continuada entre professores de algumas escolas de Sergipe contempladas pelo projeto. A pesquisa baseou-se em um estudo de caso, apresentando depoimentos obtidos a partir da formacao continuada do Projeto UCA, evidenciando praticas exitosas a partir da insercao do Programa no estado, que podem ser difundidas e aprimoradas pelos docentes.A utilizacao das novas tecnologias no contexto educacional inspira educadores no desenvolvimento de estrategias inovadoras e motivadoras nas diversas areas do conhecimento. No entanto e imprescindivel observar como os alunos interagem com essas tecnologias. A partir de observacoes do cotidiano escolar, promovemos o projeto Fa de Fanzine com o objetivo de proporcionar aos estudantes a oportunidade de produzir um fanzine, atraves do qual pudessem vivenciar a inedita e fascinante experiencia de integrar arte, leitura, producao de imagens e textos, em diversos generos, relacionados a um objeto de seu interesse, utilizando a tecnologia do computador, visando socializacao dos conteudos atraves de suporte impresso e virtual.Este artigo tem como finalidade explanar a implantacao por iniciativa e recursos proprios do Projeto UCA (Um Computador por Aluno) em um municipio da Regiao Metropolitana de Curitiba, capital do Estado do Parana, visando salientar a importância do Projeto como um todo, desde a estruturacao da escola para receber os Laptops Educacionais, a conscientizacao da comunidade escolar a respeito da utilizacao deste recurso e tambem a formacao continuada de todos os profissionais envolvidos no Projeto.

Desenvolvimento e Avaliação de um Perfil UML para Modelagem de Jogos Educacionais Digitais

UML (Unified Modeling Language) is a general purpose language for software modeling, moreover, is the language most known and used for graphical representation of models. Just the elements preexisting in the UML (Unified Modeling Language) may not be sufficient to facilitate understanding of specific domain models. An example of specific problem domain is the Digital Educational Games (DEGs). In this paper, we describe the UP4EG, a UML profile for DEGs modeling, using UML class diagrams. The UP4EG gathers many stereotypes and tagged values divided into six packages that represent the main elements that a DEG should present. From an experimental study on the proposed profile with computer science students, it was realized that number of errors and the time spent for the identification of the main elements of a DEG can be improved when this profile is used in the modeling of this type of software.

ObasCId(-Tool): an ontologically based approach for concern identification and classification and its computational support

The aspect-oriented requirements engineering (AORE) area intends to provide more appropriated strategies for software concern identification, classification (as crosscutting or non-crosscutting), and modularization, in the early phases of software development cycle. A commonly reported issue about the existing AORE approaches is the lack of appropriated resources (guidelines, processes, catalogs, among others) to support software engineers during the concern identification and classification. This work aims to mitigate this issue by proposing (i) a reference ontology for the software concern domain, called O4C (Ontology for Concerns); (ii) an ontologically based approach for AORE, called ObasCId, that suggests the usage of catalogs of software concerns and a well-defined process for supporting software engineers to perform these activities in a more systematic way; and (iii) a computational support, called ObasCId-Tool, that automates some activities of the ObasCId. Two quasi-experimental studies were performed on ObasCId and ObasCId-Tool, and their results indicated that these technologies may positively contribute for the concern identification and classification effectiveness without harming its execution time.

Attributes and metrics of internal quality that impact the external quality of object-oriented software: A systematic literature review

Quality metrics of software can be categorized into internal quality metrics, external quality metrics, and quality in use metrics. Although existing a close relationship between internal and external quality of software systems, there are no explicit evidences in literature of what are the attributes and metrics of internal quality that impact external quality. Thus, we carried out a systematic literature review for identifying that relationship. After the analysis of 664 papers, 12 papers were studied in depth. As result, we found 65 metrics related primarily to the maintainability, usability, and reliability quality characteristics and the main attributes that impact external metrics are size, coupling, and cohesion.

Reengineering of Object-Oriented Software into Aspect-Oriented Ones Supported by Class Models

Object-Oriented Software Reengineering (OO) into Aspect-Oriented Software (AO) is a challenging task, mainly when it is done by means of refactorings in the code-level. The reason is that direct transformation from OO code to AO one needs of several design decisions due to differences of both paradigms. To make this transformation more controlled and systematic, we propose the use of concern-based refactorings, supported by class models. It allows design decisions to be made during the reengineering process, improving the quality of the final models. An example is presented to assess the applicability of the proposed refactorings. Moreover, we also present a case study, in which AO class models created based on the refactorings are compared with another obtained without the aid of them. The data obtained indicated that the use of the proposed refactorings improved the efficacy and productivity of maintenance groups during the process of software reengineering.

GrupJED - Grupo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Jogos Educacionais Digitais

O Grupo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Jogos Educacionais Digitais (GrupJED) e uma das linhas de pesquisa do Grupo de Pesquisa Pura e Aplicada em Realidade Virtual e Inteligencia Artificial, cadastrado no CNPq, e tem como enfoque a discussao acerca dos processos de desenvolvimento de jogos educacionais digitais, com o intuito de propor um processo otimizado para este desenvolvimento. Esta otimizacao tem como objetivo geral promover o envolvimento profundo dos professores no processo de producao dos Jogos Educacionais Digitais. Pretende-se, portanto, possibilitar ao professor uma maior autonomia para a definicao e especificacao dos requisitos de seus JEDs e o acompanhamento de todo o processo de desenvolvimento, participando ativamente do mesmo.