Paulo Alves de Souza

An overview on the Palynostratigraphy of the Upper Paleozoic strata of the Brazilian Paraná Basin

Based on analysis of previous zonations and new studies, an overview of the palynological succession of the Upper Paleozoic strata of the ParanaBasinis given, and new data are introduced. The Cannanoropollis korbaensis Zone is renamed Vittatina costabilis Zone, and one of its subzones ( Caheniasaccites ovatus ) is regarded as belonging to the Protohaploxypinus goraiensis Subzone. Four interval zones characterize this stratigraphic section; in ascending order, these are the Ahrensisporites cristatus , Crucisaccites monoletus , Vittatina costabilis and Lueckisporites virkkiae Zones. The ranges of some species have been modified and new trends of investigation are suggested, including a definitive palynological study on the lithostratigraphical limits in order to understand environmental influences.

Progress on the palynostratigraphy of the Permian strata in Rio Grande do Sul State, Paraná Basin, Brazil

A review of published papers and results of analysis of new material have allowed improvements on the palynostratigraphy of the Permian strata of the Parana Basin in Rio Grande do Sul State. Based on first and last occurrences of certain species of pollen taxa, two palynozones are formalized, these are the Vittatina costabilis and Lueckisporites virkkiae Interval Zones, in ascending order. The Vittatina costabilis Interval Zone is subdivided into two units, in ascending order the Protohaploxypinus goraiensis and the Hamiapollenites karrooensis Subzones, and is recognized from the glacial (Itarare Group) and post-glacial sequence (Rio Bonito Formation and the base of the Palermo Formation). The Lueckisporites virkkiae Interval Zone occurs from the uppermost Rio Bonito Formation, through the Palermo and Irati formations, and into the Serra Alta and Teresina formations. The main characteristics and reference sections are established, as well as additional criteria to recognize biostratigraphical units, in accordance with the International Stratigraphic Guide. Palynostratigraphical correlation suggests that the Vittatina costabilis Zone concerns the Early Permian (early Cisuralian), while the Lueckisporites virkkiae is regarded as late Early Permian to early Middle Permian (late Cisularian to early Guadalupian).

Late carboniferous palynology from the itararé subgroup (paraná basin) at araçoiaba da serra, São Paulo State, brazil

Abstract Core samples from the A‐IG‐85 well and four outcrops located in South Aracoiaba da Serra, Sao Paulo State, Brazil, have been palynologically investigated. Diverse and well‐preserved palynomorphs, including seventy‐three species of spores, monosaccate, disaccate and taeniate pollen grains, and one species of incertae sedis have been recognized. Among them, sixty species are systematically described including thirty‐four species of spores, twenty‐five pollen grains and one incertae sedis. Eleven species from the Brazilian Parana Basin are published for the first time: Granulatisporites triconvexus Staplin 1960, Dictyotriletes muricatus (Kosanke) Smith & Butterworth 1967, Vallatisporites punctatus (Marques‐Toigo) comb, nov., Cristatisporites rollerii Ottone 1989, Bascaudaspora canipa Owens 1983, Spelaeotriletes triangulas Neves & Owens 1966, Psomospora detecta Playford & Helby 1968, Florinites occultus Habib 1966, Potonieisporites barrelis Tiwari 1965, Costatascyclus crenatus Felix & Burbridge emend...

Palynology of the Irati Formation (Lower Permian, Paraná Basin), from Montividiu, Goiás, Brasil

Palynology of the Irati Formation (Lower Permian, Parana Basin), from Montividiu, Goias, Brasil. The Irati Formation represents an important lithostratigraphic datum within the Permian of the Parana Basin, due to its stratigraphical distribution and varied fossil content. Among the fossil groups, sporomorphs constitute the most efficient tool in providing a biostratigraphic refinement to the Upper Paleozoic sequence of the basin. The taxonomic and biostratigraphic results from the palynological analysis of samples collected in an outcrop in the «vale do rio da Serra», ca. 10 km at North of Montividiu, Goias State (central-western portion of Brazil), related to the Assistencia Member (upper Irati Formation) are presented. The analysis revealed a diversified microflora, especially rich in bisaccate taeniate and non-taeniate and polyplicate pollen grains; spores and monosaccate pollen grains are rare. Qualitatively, the main genera are Alisporites Daugherty emend. Jansonius, Limitisporites Leschik emend. Klauss, Protohaploxypinus Samoilovich emend. Morbey, Striatopodocarpites Zoricheva & Sedova ex Sedova emend. Hart, Striatoabieites Zoricheva & Sedova ex Sedova emend. Hart, Lueckisporites Potonie & Klauss emend. Klauss, Lunatisporites Leschik emend. Scheuring, Weylandites Bharadwaj & Srivastava and Marsupipollenites Balme & Hennely emend. Balme. The assemblage is related to the Lueckisporites virkkiae Interval Zone. Based on previous geochronologic data, as well as on palynological correlation, an Artinskian age is proposed to the Irati Formation.

Síntese dos conhecimentos e novas concepções sobre a bioestratigrafia do Subgrupo Itararé, Bacia do Paraná, Brasil

This paper critically reviews the paleontological contributions on the ltarare Subgroup of the Parana Basin, Brasil, in order to clarify its chronology and biostratigraphic successions. This unit exhibits highly heterogeneous facies associations involving glacial, periglacial and probably postglacial deposits (including marine ones). Detailed analysis ofthe vertical and horizontal distributions of the different taxa suggests an age ranging from the Late Carboniferous Westphalian through the Middle Perrnian Kungurian. Previous observation of a change of palynomorphs between the Artinskian and the Kungurian, with a first appearance of forests at the beginning of the Kungurian, is here interpreted as indicative of the end of glaciation in the Latest Artinskian

PALEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY OF THE RIO BONITO FORMATION (LOWER PERMIAN, PARANÁ BASIN, BRAZIL) AT THE QUITÉRIA OUTCROP

Abstract. The sedimentary section at the Quitéria outcrop (Pantano Grande, central portion of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil) carries diverse and abundant fossil associations of plants and palynomorphs. This section includes coal deposits of the Early Permian Rio Bonito Formation in the Paraná Basin. This contribution presents a taxonomic re-evaluation on paleobotanical records based on an in-depth revision of available data as well as direct analysis from materials deposited in collections (published and unpublished). A taxonomic list is presented, based on the anlysis of all published data. A stratigraphic framework is offered, showing previous and new records in order to better understand the biostratigraphy of the rocks involved. Accordingt to this re-evaluation, the Quitéria Outcrop carries 14 morphospecies of plant macrofossils —including leaves and seeds of Glossopteridales— constituting a typical coal-forming flora. New palynological data derived from six samples taken in this section reveal diversified and abundant associations, including 29 species of spores, 36 of pollen grains and four taxa related to algae and fungi. Quantitative analysis shows that most samples are closely correlated with the previously known “Lundbladispora-Punctatisporites-Portalites Association”, derived from a hygrophilous environment. The associations are compatible with the Glossopteris-Rhodeopteridium Zone and with the Protohaploxypinus goraiensis Subzone (base of the Vittatina costabilis Zone), related to the Cisuralian (Early Permian). Stratigraphical considerations are based on comparision with neighboring sections and on the regional erosional surface recognized in this outcrop.

Palynological analysis of a late Holocene core from Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil

A sedimentar core collected at Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul State, southmost Brazil, was submitted to pollen analysis to provide the vegetational history of this region, and the paleoecological and paleoclimatic changes. A total of 98 taxa of palynomorphs was identified from 35 subsamples. Three radiocarbonic datings were obtained along a section of 115 cm depth, including the basal age of 4730 ± 50 yr BP. Pollen diagrams and cluster analysis were performed based on palynomorphs frequencies, demonstrating five distinct phases (SAP-I to SAP-V), which reflected different paleoecological conditions. The predominance of plants associated with grasslands in the phase SAP-I suggests warm and dry climate conditions. A gradual increasing of humidity conditions was observed mainly from the beginning of the phase SAP-III, when the vegetation set a mosaic of grasslands and Atlantic rainforest. Furthermore, the presence of some forest taxa ( Acacia-type, Daphnopsis racemosa, Erythrina-type and Parapiptadenia rigida-type), from the phase SAP-IV, is interpreted as an influence of the seasonal semideciduous forest in the study region. From the phase SAP-V (ca. 4000 yrs BP), the vegetation became similar to the modern one (extant Atlantic rainforest Biome), especially after 2000 yrs BP (calibrated age).

Palinologia das formações Rio Bonito e Palermo (Permiano Inferior, Bacia do Paraná) em Candiota, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil: novos dados e implicações bioestratigráficas

Abstract. Palynology Of The Rio Bonito and Palermo Formations (lower Permian, Paraná Basin) in Candiota, Rio Grande Do Sul, Brazil: new data and biostratigraphic implications. New palynologic associations were recovered from an outcrop located at BR 293 Highway, between Bagé and Candiota municipalities, Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, related to the Rio Bonito and Palermo formations, Lower Permian of Paraná Basin. Eight samples were colected and studied, showing rich and diversified palynofloras. A total of 76 species were recognized, 42 corresponding to spores, 24 to pollen grains and 10 related to algae and fungi. Palynomorphs registered in the section here analysed indicate the recognition of the Vittatina costabilis and Lueckisporites virrkiae zones. Species with stratigraphic ranges limitated to Itararé Subgroup and Rio Bonito Formation were identified in a higher stratigrapical levels, meaning for instance, increasing on the stratigraphic range of these taxa. On the other hand, other stratigraphic interpretations are possible, constituting the scope of the present contribution.

Global biostratigraphic comparison and correlation of an early Cisuralian palynoflora from Bolivia

This paper presents new data about Early Permian (Cisuralian) strata, palynostratigraphy and absolute dating from the Copacabana Formation in central Bolivia. Recent stratigraphic and palynologic data from marine and transitional rocks at Apillapampa refine the age of Cisuralian palynomorphs in South America. Twelve samples interbedded with five volcanic ashes (processed and productive) yielded 94 palynomorph species arranged in two informal palynoassemblages: the lower assemblage Vittatina costabilis corresponds to one sample near the base of the Copacabana Formation and the upper Lueckisporites virkkiae assemblage occurs in overlying marine and coal-bearing transitional intervals. Ages were also independently refined by a modern review of conodonts, fusulinids, along with those U–Pb radiometric ages (Isotope Dilution Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry [ID-TIMS] of zircon-bearing interbedded tuffs). These data suggest that the lower marine member of the Copacabana Formation at this location is Asselian and Sakmarian. Lueckisporites virkkiae is a key species of palynomorph utilised in South American and global Permian biostratigraphic reconstructions. Hence, a thorough global comparison of these palynofloras and correlations is addressed in this contribution, considering first appearances of mainly cosmopolitan diagnostic taxa. Correlations are established with many similar Permian palynofloras, some also constrained with radiometric data, in South America (Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina) and elsewhere.

Contribuição palinológica ao conhecimento do Subgrupo Itararé na Serra dos Paes, sul do Estado de São Paulo

Fifteen sporomorphs have been recorded from the upper portion of the Itarare Subgroup, Parana Basin, at Serra dos Paes, south of Sao Paulo State, Btazil. This represents the first palynological record for the locality. The palynological assemblage is rich in taeniate bisaccate and poliplicat pollen grains such as Protohaploxypinus, Vittatina and Complexisporites, whereas spores and non-taeniate (mono and bisaccate) pollen grains are scarce. Two taxa are presented for the first time in the Brazilian Parana Basin: Granulatisporites austroamericanus Archangelsky & Gamerro and Protohaploxypinus panaki Utting. According to the palynological data and to correlations with similar Gondwanic assemblages, the age of the assemblage is considered to be early Early Permian (Sakmarian).