Paulo César Dantas da Silva

Evaluation of compatibility between Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler extract and pharmaceutical excipients using analytical techniques associated with chemometric tools

Compatibility studies comprise an important step in pre-formulation since they allow the identification of the excipients most compatible with herbal extracts from different analytical techniques. The objective of this work is to evaluate the compatibility between the nebulized extract of S. brasiliensis Engler with pharmaceutical excipients using analytical techniques associated with chemometric tools. The extract was nebulized through aspersion and produced from the hydroalcoholic extract of the bark of S. brasiliensis Engler. Binary mixtures were produced in various proportions using the following pharmaceutical excipients: starch, microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel® 101 and 102), lactose, magnesium stearate, PVP K-30 and talc. The samples were analyzed by optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction (XRD). With the data obtained from DSC curves, matrices for hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were made. Using microscopy, an amorphous formation and/or crystalline components could be seen. In DSC curves, as well as in PCA and HCA analyses, possible interactions were identified with starch, lactose and magnesium stearate. This was confirmed by XRD. The starch showed the greatest interaction. The results indicate that the DSC technique associated with chemometric tools contributed to a better interpretation of compatibility studies and that microcrystalline cellulose, PVP K-30 and talc were the most compatible excipients in relation to the extract.

Prescrição médica: orientações adequadas para o uso de medicamentos?

O conhecimento insuficiente de informacao dada ao paciente durante a consulta medica resulta em grandes dificuldades para a conducao correta da terapeutica medicamentosa. Baseados nesse contexto, o estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o grau de conhecimento dos pacientes sobre os medicamentos prescritos na Atencao Basica no municipio de Esperanca (PB). Para tal, foram entrevistadas 199 pessoas que, apos consulta medica, receberam prescricao, tendo sido avaliado o nivel de conhecimento desses pacientes em relacao ao nome do medicamento, a dose, o horario, a finalidade, o tempo de uso e reacoes desagradaveis. Entre os entrevistados, 53,8% evidenciaram desconhecer o nome do medicamento, 20,3% a dosagem e 25,4% o horario de utilizacao. O item em que se observou maior frequencia de acerto foi finalidade do medicamento, tendo 75,1% dos pacientes apresentado bom conhecimento. No que se refere ao tempo de uso e as reacoes desagradaveis, 57,4% e 94,4% dos pacientes, respectivamente, nao possuiam nenhuma informacao correta. Os resultados sugerem que a maioria dos pacientes nao apresenta o conhecimento adequado e seguro para a utilizacao dos medicamentos prescritos.

Compatibility study between lipoic acid with polymers used in controlled drug release systems

Lipoic acid is derived from octanoic acid and is considered a universal antioxidant for combating free radicals and regeneration of endogenous antioxidant, as well as acting like an essential cofactor in multienzyme mitochondrial complex. In the pharmaceutical field, the polymers are among used excipients in pharmaceutical technology, especially in therapies controlled release of drugs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the drug–excipient compatibility between the AL and excipients used in controlled release drug delivery systems. To investigate the possible interactions between substances, was initially performed one screening with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to detect possible interactions, and analyses were performed by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the possible interactions. Based on the results of DSC and FTIR was found to be incompatible only with PVP-K30. Based on these results, we can conclude that the analytical tools used in this study are effective for defining incompatibilities between drugs and pharmaceutical excipients in order to ensure a new formulation with well-defined parameters of quality control and stability.

Compatibility study of dry extract of Ximenia americana L. and pharmaceutical excipients used in solid state

Ximenia americana L. is a plant of the Olacaceae family, used in the treatment of infectious diseases. Dry extracts are API’s of great interest for the pharmaceutical industry and have been used as final and intermediate products, resulting in different pharmaceutical forms. The aim of this study is to evaluate the compatibility of dry extract of X. americana with pharmaceutical excipients used in the solid forms. The extract was obtained by spray dryer, and binary mixtures of the dry extract and pharmaceutical excipients were analyzed. The studies were obtained using thermal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction and optical microscopy. With the data obtained from DSC curves, matrices for hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) were made. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed changes in the mixtures’ profile with corn starch, lactose and magnesium stearate. Thermal behavior of the mixtures showed incompatibilities between the extract and lactose, corn starch and magnesium stearate. This study shows the importance of using instrumental analytical techniques in the early stages of development of herbal medicine to ensure the effectiveness, safety and quality of the final product.

Analysis of medicine procurement lawsuits in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os aspectos medico-cientificos e sanitarios dos mandados judiciais para fornecimento de medicamentos impetrados ao Tribunal de Justica da Paraiba (TJ-PB) contra agentes publicos no estado da Paraiba. Teve carater descritivo, transversal, e foi realizado no Tribunal de Justica da Paraiba. Foram analisados processos de medicamentos julgados na segunda instância entre os anos de 2009 e 2010 com decisao definitiva. Quanto as evidencias cientificas da eficacia e seguranca, os medicamentos foram avaliados por meio de revisoes sistematicas na base de dados do Centro Cochrane do Brasil. Os grupos de medicamentos solicitados com maior frequencia foram os agentes neoplasicos, seguidos de insulinas e antagonistas da angiotensina II. Os custos com medicamentos antineoplasicos representaram 76% do gasto total com demandas judiciais, representando um custo aproximado de R

Effect of alpha lipoic acid on the blood cell count and iron kinetics in hypertensive patients

343 mil por mes. Desses, um item nao tinha registro em orgao sanitario brasileiro. Os resultados apontam para um elevado numero de demandas judiciais com prevalencia de solicitacoes de medicamentos padronizados pelo Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS), dos quais os antineoplasicos obtem destaque e reforcam a necessidade de revisao da Politica Nacional de Assistencia Farmaceutica tanto das estrategias de implantacao como da premencia em ampliar a relacao de medicamentos disponibilizados pelo SUS.O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os aspectos medico-cientificos e sanitarios dos mandados judiciais para fornecimento de medicamentos impetrados ao Tribunal de Justica da Paraiba (TJ-PB) contra agentes publicos no estado da Paraiba. Teve carater descritivo, transversal, e foi realizado no Tribunal de Justica da Paraiba. Foram analisados processos de medicamentos julgados na segunda instância entre os anos de 2009 e 2010 com decisao definitiva. Quanto as evidencias cientificas da eficacia e seguranca, os medicamentos foram avaliados por meio de revisoes sistematicas na base de dados do Centro Cochrane do Brasil. Os grupos de medicamentos solicitados com maior frequencia foram os agentes neoplasicos, seguidos de insulinas e antagonistas da angiotensina II. Os custos com medicamentos antineoplasicos representaram 76% do gasto total com demandas judiciais, representando um custo aproximado de R

Indicadores de prescrição e de cuidado ao paciente na atenção básica do município de Esperança, Paraíba, 2007

343 mil por mes. Desses, um item nao tinha registro em orgao sanitario brasileiro. Os resultados apontam para um elevado numero de demandas judiciais com prevalencia de solicitacoes de medicamentos padronizados pelo Sistema Unico de Saude (SUS), dos quais os antineoplasicos obtem destaque e reforcam a necessidade de revisao da Politica Nacional de Assistencia Farmaceutica tanto das estrategias de implantacao como da premencia em ampliar a relacao de medicamentos disponibilizados pelo SUS.

Extraction, isolation and characterization of inulin from Agave sisalana boles

INTRODUCTION The -lipoic acid (ALA) has been used as a treatment to reduce oxidative damage in Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH), but there are no in vivo studies reporting the effect of its mechanism of action on iron metabolism. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the antioxidant effect of -lipoic acid on Blood cell count (CBC) and iron metabolism in hypertensive subjects with or without anemia. METHOD Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. The sample consisted of 60 hypertensive patients that were randomly divided into treatment group (n = 32), receiving 600 mg / day of ALA for twelve weeks and control group (n = 28), receiving placebo for the same period. Blood cell count, serum iron, ferritin, Latent Iron-Binding Capacity (LIBC), Total Iron-Binding Capacity (TIBC), Transferrin Saturation Index (TSI) and transferrin were assessed before and after intervention. To assess changes between groups, the Student t-test and ANOVA were used, adopting a significance level of 5%. RESULTS After intervention, ALA supplementation showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) association with the reduction of total leukocytes, increase in the number of neutrophils and reductions in the serum levels of iron and TSI. CONCLUSION Oral administration of ALA as a therapeutic adjuvant changes the hematologic response of white blood cells and reduces the absorption of iron. It is observed that the mechanism of metals chelation by lipoic acid may be responsible for these changes and, consequently, could trigger a condition of iron deficiency anemia in hypertensive individuals.