Paulo Cesar Pontes Fraga

Women and criminality: a study into the involvement of women in cannabis plantations in the São Francisco Valley, Brazil

In this article, we present the results of an investigation which analyzes the participation of women in illicit cannabis cultivation in towns in the São Francisco River Valley, in the Brazilian northeast. We will present an analysis of the life histories of five women, who were involved in the trade, from the perspective of the concepts of “biographical trajectories” (Dubar, 1998) and “pathways” as analytical aspect (Kokoreff, 2005). In-depth interviews sought objective and subjective aspects of the relations between them and the institutions and actors related, or not, to this illicit trade. This showed that even in a predominately-masculine environment, female participation increases productivity and profitability. This participation implies the realization of specific activities and not the intention to constitute an on-going criminal career. This gives them a certain invisibility, protecting them from police repression and other forms of violence.

DESENVOLVIMENTO LOCAL E CONSERVAÇÃO DOS RECURSOS NATURAIS NO PARQUE NACIONAL DO IGUAÇU E ENTORNO

O presente estudo busca identificar os principais resultados do Programa de Desenvolvimento do Turismo Sustentavel no Entorno do Parque Nacional do Iguacu no que se refere as melhorias socioeconomicas auferidas por seus beneficiarios, bem como, analisar como eles se posicionam diante das questoes ambientais, tendo em vista acoes desenvolvidas pelo referido programa. O trabalho teve como area de estudo o Parque Nacional do Iguacu e dois dos seus municipios de entorno: Capanema e Serranopolis do Iguacu, todos no Estado do Parana. Com a analise dos dados foi possivel observar aspectos positivos tanto para o Parque quanto para a comunidade do entorno. Ganhos economicos e geracao de emprego no campo foram resultados expressivos para os beneficiarios. Em contrapartida, os mesmos assumiram praticas ambientalmente menos impactantes, o que e expressivo para o Parque, que tambem obteve melhoria da sua imagem politico-institucional. Palavras-chave: Unidade de conservacao, Comunidade de entorno, Desenvolvimento local. Abstract This paper presents socio-environmental impacts originated from a Sustainable Tourism Development Program, in the surrounding areas of the Iguacu National Park (INP), in Brazil. Social-economic improvements for the beneficiaries of the Program, and behavioral changes regarding environmental issues due to actions undertaken by the Program will be taken into consideration. Documentary and fieldwork research were conducted for data collection at the INP and in two of its surrounding municipalities – Capanema and Serranopolis do Iguacu – at the state of Parana. Findings show positive aspects for both, the Park and communities around it. Economic gains and non-farm job for members of the family farm owner, on the field side, were identified. On their side, beneficiaries have moved to less aggressive behavior over natural resources of the Park, along with improving its political and institutional image. Key words: Conservation area, Surrounding community, Local development. Resumen El presente estudio pretende identificar los principales resultados del Programa para el desarrollo del turismo sostenible en los alrededores del Parque Nacional Iguazu en relacion a mejoras socioeconomicas obtenidos por los beneficiarios, asi como analizar la manera en que se situan delante de las cuestiones ambientales con miras las acciones desarrolladas por este programa. El trabajo tuvo el area de estudio el Parque Nacional de Iguazu y sus dos municipios del entorno: Capanema y Serranopolis de Iguacu, todos en el estado de Parana. Con el analisis de los datos fue posible observar aspectos positivos tanto para el Parque y a la comunidad de los alrededores. Beneficios economicos y generacion de empleo en el campo fueron los resultados mas destacados para los beneficiarios. Estos, por otro lado, asume practicas ambientalmente menos impactantes, que es expresivo por el Parque, que tambien ha mejorado su imagen politico-institucional. Palabras clave: unidad de conservacion, comunidad del entorno, el desarrollo local. Palabras clave: Razon comunicativa, afluencia, transdisciplinariedad. DOI: 10.5418/RA2011.0708.0008