Paulo Henrique Moura Dian

Recuperação Fecal de Indicadores Internos Avaliados em Ruminantes

This experiment was carried out to assess the fecal recuperation of the following internal markers: acid insoluble ash (AIA), acid detergent insoluble ash (ADIA), indigestible acid detergent fiber (IADF), indigestible neutral detergent fiber (INDF), and the apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM). Four castrated sheep were used, fed with four levels of substitution of corn by cassava by-product meal. The feed samples, orts and feces were incubated in situ for 192 hours in three Holstein cows with ruminal cannula to determine the indigestible neutral detergent fiber and indigestible acid detergent fiber. The fecal recuperation of AIA and INDF were not different from 100% and had values for the digestibility coefficient of DM and OM similar to those obtained by the total feces collection method. The fecal recuperation of ADIA and IADF differed from 100%.

Substituição do milho pela farinha de varredura de mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz) em rações de ovinos: consumo, digestibilidade, balanços de nitrogênio e energia e parâmetros ruminais

This work was carried-out to study the effect of substitution levels of corn (COR) by cassava by-product flour (CPF) (25, 50, 75 and 100%) in the ration for sheep on voluntary intake, nutrients apparent digestibility and nitrogen (NB) and energy (EB) balance, pH and ammonia concentration (N-NH3) in ruminal liquid. Four male, castrated sheep, without defined race, with medium weight of 41.4 AW, in trial of digestibility were used, using the method of total collect feces and urine. The animals were kept in cages of metabolism in 4x4 latin square design. The ruminal liquid was obtained by means of probe esofagic in the times 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours (after feeding). There was no effect of substitution levels on intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), energy and nitrogen (N) and for apparent digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF, starch and gross energy (GE) and for NB and TDN levels. The intake of starch and GE presented quadratic increase until the level of 75% CPM in the ration. The concentration of the ammonia nitrogen and the pH of ruminal liquid did not differ in function of the substitution levels of the COR to CPM. It was concluded that CPM can totally substitute COR in the sheep ration.

Avaliação de cinco híbridos de milho (Zea mays, L.) em diferentes estádios de maturação: 2. Concentrações dos componentes estruturais e correlações

This study was conducted to evaluate the structural component concentrations of five hybrids of Pioneer corn: P32R21, P30R07, P3041, P30F33 and P30F80, at different maturity stages. The treatments were used in plots of 7 x 8 m in a randomized block design, with four replicates. The samples collected, of corn hybrid, were adopted trying to estimate phases of maturity of the plant (30, 34, 38, 42 and 46% of dry matter [DM]). For each maturation stage, was done separation of stem + sheath, leaf lamina, grain, cob and straw. After the weight and with posterior determination of DM crude, it was possible to obtain the concentrations and relations (%) of grain, cob + straw, ear of the corn, stem + sheath and leaf lamina in the whole plant of five hybrids at different maturation stage. For all the evaluated parameters, the hybrids were different and showed significant effect at days after seeding (DAS). It was observed that as the plant maturity stage (DAS) advanced, an increase of ear and grain concentration and a decrease of the structure component (leaf lamina, stem + sheath) in a DM the whole plant were observed.This study was conducted to evaluate the structural component concentrations of five hybrids of Pioneer corn: P32R21, P30R07, P3041, P30F33 and P30F80, at different maturity stages. The treatments were used in plots of 7 x 8 m in a randomized block design, with four replicates. The samples collected, of corn hybrid, were adopted trying to estimate phases of maturity of the plant (30, 34, 38, 42 and 46% of dry matter [DM]). For each maturation stage, was done separation of stem + sheath, leaf lamina, grain, cob and straw. After the weight and with posterior determination of DM crude, it was possible to obtain the concentrations and relations (%) of grain, cob + straw, ear of the corn, stem + sheath and leaf lamina in the whole plant of five hybrids at different maturation stage. For all the evaluated parameters, the hybrids were different and showed significant effect at days after seeding (DAS). It was observed that as the plant maturity stage (DAS) advanced, an increase of ear and grain concentration and a decrease of the structure component (leaf lamina, stem + sheath) in a DM the whole plant were observed.

Níveis de Inclusão de Soro Ácido na Dieta de Ruminantes e seus Efeitos sobre a Produção de Gases e Degrabilidade in vitro da Matéria Seca

O experimento foi realizado a fim de avaliar o aproveitamento do subproduto da massa coalhada de laticinios (soro acido), na dieta de ruminantes. Foram realizados tres ensaios de producao de gases in vitro (com quatro repeticoes), em delineamento completamente casualizado, em esquema de analise em parcela subdividida no tempo. Nas parcelas foram avaliados os niveis de soro ao meio de incubacao in vitro: 0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10 mL e, na sub parcela, os tempos de fermentacao (ate 96h). A producao de gases foi dependente da inclusao do soro ao meio de incubacao, sendo os maiores niveis, com maior producao de gases. De acordo com os resultados obtidos no estudo, concluiu-se que a inclusao do soro a dieta de ruminantes altera negativamente a degradabilidade da materia seca, a partir de 24 h de fermentacao, conforme avaliado. DOI: 10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v14n2p211-214

Cromo Suplemetar no Desempenho de Bezerros Submetidos ao Estresse

O experimento foi instalado em delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 2x2x2, com tres repeticoes, totalizando 24 animais. O fator A avaliou o tipo de alojamento (alojamento individual com sombra ou estaca ao sol), o fator B avaliou a ausencia ou presenca do transporte (50 km a cada 14 dias) e o fator C, a suplementacao com cromo quelado (ausencia ou 1 mg Cr animal-1 dia-1, via oral). O experimento teve duracao de 132 dias, 20 dos quais foram utilizados para adaptacao dos animais. Ao termino do periodo de adaptacao, os animais foram pesados apos jejum previo, repetindo-se esta operacao a cada 28 dias, totalizando quatro periodos experimentais. Com excecao do segundo periodo experimental, no qual nao houve efeito do tipo de alojamento, os animais alojados individualmente com acesso a sombra apresentaram ganho em peso ponderal superior. A suplementacao com cromo quelado apresentou efeito significativo sobre o ganho em peso a partir do terceiro periodo, coincidindo com o periodo no qual a temperatura do ambiente superou o limite critico superior de termoneutralidade. No quarto periodo, somente os animais com acesso a sombra apresentaram melhor desempenho ponderal, quando suplementados com cromo. O transporte nao influenciou o desempenho animal. DOI: 10.15528/2176-4158/rcpa.v12n2p215-218