Pedro Marco Karan Barbosa

Diagnósticos de enfermagem mais freqüentes entre idosas hospitalizadas em unidade de clínica médica e cirúrgica

Due to the high incidence of elderly people which are presently hospitalized and the countless needs presented by them, this study aimed at describing the most common nursing diagnoses among fifty elderly hospitalized women, who were evaluated considering their need for home care. The authors concluded that the subjects studied presented diagnoses which involved all types of human response patterns, with particular emphasis on the diagnosis of knowledge deficit.Ante la alta incidencia de ancianos que estan hospitalizados actualmente y las innumerables necesidades que ellos presentan este estudio tiene como objeto describir los diagnosticos de enfermeria mas comunes entre 50 ancianas hospitalizadas, quienes fueron evaluadas considerandose las necesidades de continuidad de los cuidados en el domicilio. Los autores concluyeron que las ancianas presentaban diagnosticos en todos los patrones de respuesta humana, dentro de los cuales sobresale el diagnostico de deficit de conocimiento.

CINESIOTERAPIA PREVINE OMBRO DOLOROSO EM PACIENTES HEMIPLÉGICOS/PARÉTICOS NA FASE SUB- AGUDA DO ACIDENTE VASCULAR ENCEFÁLICO

BACKGROUND: Painful shoulder is considered the most common complication of hemiplegic/parethic (H/P) stroke patients. It is a negative factor for neuromotor recovery. PURPOSE: To study the effects of kinesiotherapy treatment on shoulder pain prevention, and as a secondary endpoints, to analyze muscle strength of H/P shoulder looking at basic functional active mobility. METHOD: Twenty one inpatients (12 men, 9 women) aged 26 to 87 years, with post-stroke H/P were submitted to thirty minutes daily program kinesiotherapy, started at 48 hours post-stroke up to their hospital discharge. Patients were evaluated pre and post treatment according to the presence or absence of shoulder pain, movements and shoulder strength, and for presence or absence of basic functional movements. RESULTS: No patient complaining of shoulder pain at the hospital discharge (p<0.001). The muscle strength improved signifcantly for elevation, protusion, abduction and flexion of the shoulder (p<0.001). There was improvement also for functional mobility on moving from dorsal to lateral recumb, from lateral recumb to a seated position and in keeping the seated position (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Kinesiotherapy in acute phase of stroke prevented shoulder pain.

Pós-graduação multiprofissional em saúde: resultados de experiências utilizando metodologias ativas

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar os resultados de uma experiencia de pos-graduacao multiprofissional em saude ancorada em metodologias ativas, a partir da otica de seus egressos. O desenho metodologico consiste numa pesquisa avaliativa que articula as abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, trabalha-se com questionario estruturado, entrevista semiestruturada e grupo focal. O tratamento quantitativo dos dados consiste na descricao frequencial, utilizacao do Teste Qui-quadrado e extensao do Teste Exato de Fisher. Em termos qualitativos, utilizou-se o metodo de interpretacao de sentidos baseado nas perspectivas hermeneutica-dialetica. Dentre os principais resultados destaca-se a significativa positividade atribuida ao curso. Tambem foram constatados limites na aplicacao dos resultados do curso na pratica profissional, sobretudo por conta de questoes estruturais. Conclui-se que a utilizacao de metodologias ativas pode contribuir para a formacao profissional, em nivel de pos-graduacao, mais alinhada a atual politica nacional de saude.This study aimed to evaluate the results from an experience of multiprofessional health-related graduate courses based on active methodologies, from the viewpoint of its graduates. The methodological design consisted of an evaluative investigation that brought together quantitative and qualitative approaches. A structured questionnaire, semistructured interview and focus group were used as the data-gathering instruments. The quantitative treatment of the data consists in a frequency description, using the chi-square test and extension of Fishers exact test. In qualitative terms, the method of sense interpretation based on hermeneutic and dialectic perspectives was used. Among the main results, the significant positive reaction to the course can be highlighted. Limits to the application of the results from the course to professional practice were also seen, mainly because of structural questions. It was concluded that use of active methodologies might contribute towards professional training at postgraduate level that is better aligned with the current national healthcare policies.

Educação permanente em saúde: uma estratégia para a formação dos agentes comunitários de saúde

This article aimed to describe and analyze the training process of health community agents (HCA) by family health strategy nurses. It is a qualitative research with 17 individuals. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and the analysis was made through the data analysis technique. A category was established: The organization of the educational process in the family health units, in which the themes selected were: nurses as reference team leaders, permanent education, traditional methodologies and education centered on the HCA needs. Through this study we were able to understand that the nurses have less familiarity with permanent education, performing HCA capacitating activities based on traditional teaching methodologies. Investments for capacitating nurses in permanent education are required to allow them to teach HCAs better.

Qualidade de vida de pacientes adultos e idosos com artrite reumatoide

OBJECTIVE To analyze and compare quality of life (QoL) in adults and elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS This was a cross-sectional quantitative study. The tools include the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS-28), the Assessment Health Questionnaire (HAQ), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT). Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics, Students t test and linear regression test, with significance level of p <0.05. RESULTS The sample consisted of 99 patients diagnosed with RA, divided into adults and elderly. Those considered adults were 18-59 years-old and those with 60 years or older where considered elderly. In SF-36, the groups showed the pain domain as the most compromised and the emotional aspects domain as the less compromised. Both showed moderate level of disease activity and mild disability. Applying the t test, it was found that there was no significant difference between groups with respect to QoL, functional ability, depression and disease activity. The difference was significant in the 6MWT, in which the elderly achieved an average of 330.8 m, and the adults, 412.2 m (p=0.000). In linear regression, a significant correlation (r=-0.31) between the 6MWT and increasing age was noted. CONCLUSION QoL and functional capacity in RA were affected in adults and the elderly. How-ever, the results showed no significant difference between groups, with the exception of the 6MWT.

Determinação do volume de ar no "cuff" de sondas endotraqueais

The aim of this study is to determine the best regulation of air volume to be inflated into cuffs of different endotracheal canula diameters of high residual volume and low pressure. Maintaining the pressure exercised by a balloon in the trachea mucous membrane between preconized limits of 20 to 30 mmHg (less than the trachea capillary pressure). Therefore, 10 ml of air have been inflated into the canular cuff of intubed patients with different internal diameters (7.0 - 7.5 - 8.0 - 8.5 - 9.0) one by one, measuring each millilitre of inflated air, the corresponding to pressure of the cuff in the trachea mucous membrane. The monitoring of the pressure has been made by a previously calibrated manometer. The procedure has been performed in 25 adult patients of both sexes, grouped in numbers of 5 for each internal tube diameter. The results have been analysed through linear regression analysis which has shown a close relationship between ml of inflated air and pressure in the cuff by tube diameter. After analysing the results, the author indicated, by means of graphic representation, the quantity of air to be inflated in the cuff and respective exercised pressure on the trachea mucous membrane, by tube meter, in a way to offer a contribution to the staff who provides assistance to intubed patients, in the sense of minimising the possible injuries and complications and assure a better respiratory ventilation.

Posgrado multi-profesional en salud: resultados de experiencias utilizando metodologías activas

Este trabalho objetiva avaliar os resultados de uma experiencia de pos-graduacao multiprofissional em saude ancorada em metodologias ativas, a partir da otica de seus egressos. O desenho metodologico consiste numa pesquisa avaliativa que articula as abordagens quantitativa e qualitativa. Como instrumento de coleta de dados, trabalha-se com questionario estruturado, entrevista semiestruturada e grupo focal. O tratamento quantitativo dos dados consiste na descricao frequencial, utilizacao do Teste Qui-quadrado e extensao do Teste Exato de Fisher. Em termos qualitativos, utilizou-se o metodo de interpretacao de sentidos baseado nas perspectivas hermeneutica-dialetica. Dentre os principais resultados destaca-se a significativa positividade atribuida ao curso. Tambem foram constatados limites na aplicacao dos resultados do curso na pratica profissional, sobretudo por conta de questoes estruturais. Conclui-se que a utilizacao de metodologias ativas pode contribuir para a formacao profissional, em nivel de pos-graduacao, mais alinhada a atual politica nacional de saude.This study aimed to evaluate the results from an experience of multiprofessional health-related graduate courses based on active methodologies, from the viewpoint of its graduates. The methodological design consisted of an evaluative investigation that brought together quantitative and qualitative approaches. A structured questionnaire, semistructured interview and focus group were used as the data-gathering instruments. The quantitative treatment of the data consists in a frequency description, using the chi-square test and extension of Fishers exact test. In qualitative terms, the method of sense interpretation based on hermeneutic and dialectic perspectives was used. Among the main results, the significant positive reaction to the course can be highlighted. Limits to the application of the results from the course to professional practice were also seen, mainly because of structural questions. It was concluded that use of active methodologies might contribute towards professional training at postgraduate level that is better aligned with the current national healthcare policies.

Original articleQuality of life in adults and elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritisQualidade de vida de pacientes adultos e idosos com artrite reumatoide

Objective To analyze and compare quality of life (QoL) in adults and elderly patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Continuing health educating: a strategy for the training of community health agents

This article aimed to describe and analyze the training process of health community agents (HCA) by family health strategy nurses. It is a qualitative research with 17 individuals. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and the analysis was made through the data analysis technique. A category was established: The organization of the educational process in the family health units, in which the themes selected were: nurses as reference team leaders, permanent education, traditional methodologies and education centered on the HCA needs. Through this study we were able to understand that the nurses have less familiarity with permanent education, performing HCA capacitating activities based on traditional teaching methodologies. Investments for capacitating nurses in permanent education are required to allow them to teach HCAs better.

Educación continua en materia de salud: una estrategia para la formación de agentes de salud de la comunidad

This article aimed to describe and analyze the training process of health community agents (HCA) by family health strategy nurses. It is a qualitative research with 17 individuals. Data collection was performed through semi-structured interviews and the analysis was made through the data analysis technique. A category was established: The organization of the educational process in the family health units, in which the themes selected were: nurses as reference team leaders, permanent education, traditional methodologies and education centered on the HCA needs. Through this study we were able to understand that the nurses have less familiarity with permanent education, performing HCA capacitating activities based on traditional teaching methodologies. Investments for capacitating nurses in permanent education are required to allow them to teach HCAs better.