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Featured researches published by Peter Deegen.


Agroforestry Systems | 2006

Economic Analyses of rubber and tea plantations and rubber-tea intercropping in Hainan, China

Zhimei Guo; Yaoqi Zhang; Peter Deegen; Holm Uibrig

This study uses land expectation value (LEV) as a criterion to conduct economic analyses of natural rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) monoculture, and rubber-tea intercropping. We calculated LEV by using the Faustmann model that combines annual revenue flow from latex production with final timber harvest of rubber trees. Production and cost data were collected from Xinwei Farm in Hainan, China. We found that rubber-tea intercropping generated higher LEV than rubber and tea monoculture under current socio-economic circumstances. Sensitivity analysis has been conducted to examine the impacts on land expectation value by interest rate, prices of natural rubber and tea, and labor costs.


European Journal of Forest Research | 2011

The Faustmann model as a model for a forestry of prices

Peter Deegen; Martin Hostettler; Guillermo A. Navarro

The relation between the Faustmann model and “a forestry of prices” as a concept of thought was examined. At first, the meaning of the Faustmann model in economic sciences is the explanation of allocation and distribution by prices. The rotation age determination plays a secondary role only. Secondly, “a forestry of prices” as an application of the “free to choose” way of thinking is explained. The concept allows us to understand how individuals of anonymous groups achieve forest sustainability and provide forest environmental goods. Thirdly, the relation between the Faustmann model and “a forestry of prices” is discussed. For this purpose, the Faustmann model is described as a scientific laboratory. It helps us to observe how equilibrium arises as a non-intended result of individual welfare maximization in anonymous interactions. And conversely with the help of “a forestry of prices”, we understand also that the individual maximization approach of the Faustmann model re-enacts the unintended interaction situations in anonymous group. With help of the Faustmann model, we can understand deep aspects of “a forestry of prices”. Vice versa, “a forestry of prices” shows the meaning of the formal solutions of the Faustmann model.


Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt | 2000

Zur finanziellen Analyse der Waldpflegeentscheidung bei Berücksichtigung der Biodiversität, dargestellt am Beispiel der Fichte in Sachsen

Peter Deegen; Wolfgang Villa; Wolfgang Stümer; Hans Pretzsch

ZusammenfassungIm Mittelpunkt traditioneller Untersuchungen zur Bestandesbehandlung stehen gewöhnlich Bestandeswachstum, Konkurrenz, Stabilität und Holzqualität. Obzwar notwendig für eine sachgerechte Waldpflege sind sie jedoch nicht hinreichend, da sie von schwerwiegenden ökonomischen Einflüssen wie Holzmarkt, Faktorpreisen, Zielstellungen der Waldbesitzer und Ansprüchen der Gesellschaft überlagert werden. Da Waldpflege in die Zukunft gerichtet ist, werden Entscheidungen darüber vom dynamischen Moment beeinflußt: Änderungen der natürlichen Umwelt muß ebenso Rechnung getragen werden wie der Wandel in den ökonomischen Prämissen und den Zielstellungen der Waldbesitzer.Die finanzielle Analyse von Waldpflegeregimen basiert im vorliegenden Beitrag auf der intertemporalen Investitionstheorie, speziell derFaustmannschen Formel als in sich geschlossenes Denkgebäude. Mit ihrer Hilfe werden die Hypothesen hergeleitet. Die Analyse selbst jedoch erweist sich als problematisch, da imFaustmannschen Modell mit Modellbedingungen gearbeitet wird, die das Typische von Waldpflegeregimen eher ausblendet als hervorhebt. Deshalb wurde versucht, sich mit Hilfe von Simulationen einer Beantwortung zu nähern.Als geeignet erwies sich der Bestandessimulator SILVA 2, welcher Bestandeswachstum in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Waldpflegeregimen simuliert und auch gleich Kosten und Erlöse für die einzelnen Eingriffe berechnet. Daraus lassen sich Zahlungsreihen konstruieren und die entscheidungsrelevanten Kapitalhaltungswerte bestimmen. Für die Simulationsexperimente wurde ein jeweils zum Entscheidungszeitpunkt 40-, 60-, 70- und 90jähriger Fichtenbestand ausgewählt. Als Variablen dienten Durchforstungsart, -stärke und -intervall sowie der Kalkulationszinssatz der Waldbesitzer.Erweitert wurde die finanzielle Analyse durch die Einbeziehung öffentlicher Leistungen, veranschaulicht am Beispiel der Biodiversität. Zur Anwendung kam dabei die Technik nachKlemperer, die Veränderungen in der Biodiversität den sich dadurch ergebenden Opportunitätskosten gegenüberstellt.Letztlich werden die/aus den Simulationen abgeleiteten zehn Grundsätze zur Wahl optimaler Waldpflegeregime der forstwissenschaftlichen Öffentlichkeit zur Kritik übergeben.SummaryStand growth, competition, stability, and wood quality are usually the focus of traditional investigations into stand treatment. Although needed for a stand-adequate intermediate harvest, they are not entirely satisfactory as they are superimposed by crucial economic influences such as the timber market, prices of production factors, objectives of the forest owners and societal demands. Due to the fact that thinning is future-oriented, the decisions taken in this context are controlled by a dynamic magnitude: Changes in the natural environment have to be complied with in the same way as changes in economic premises and the forest owners’ objectives.The financial analysis of thinning regimes is based on an intermediate investment theory, especially theFaustmann formula as an integer construct. It aids in deducing the hypotheses. However, the analysis itself turns out to be problematic since theFaustmann model relies on model assumptions by which the features of thinning regimes tend to be faded out rather than substantiated. Therefore, an attempt has been made to approach a solution to the problem by means of simulations.The stand simulator SILVA 2, simulating stand growth in dependence on various thinning regimes and at the same time calculating the costs and revenues for the individual operations, proved to be suitable. Hence, payments series may be derived and holding values determined which are relevant to the decision to be taken. For the simulation experiments 40-, 60-, 70-, and 90-year-old spruce stands were selected at the time the decision was taken. The variables involved were type of thinning, thinning intensity and interval as well as the guiding rate of return of the forest owners.The financial analysis was extended by including public services, demonstrated by the example of biodiversity. For this purpose the technique according toKlemperer was applied, which considers changes in biodiversity and the opportunity costs thus accruing.Finally, the ten statements derived from the simulations for the selection of optimal thinning regimes are presented for peer reviewal.Stand growth, competition, stability, and wood quality are usually the focus of traditional investigations into stand treatment. Although needed for a stand-adequate intermediate harvest, they are not entirely satisfactory as they are superimposed by crucial economic influences such as the timber market, prices of production factors, objectives of the forest owners and societal demands. Due to the fact that thinning is future-oriented, the decisions taken in this context are controlled by a dynamic magnitude: Changes in the natural environment have to be complied with in the same way as changes in economic premises and the forest owners’ objectives.The financial analysis of thinning regimes is based on an intermediate investment theory, especially theFAUSTMANN formula as an integer construct. It aids in deducing the hypotheses. However, the analysis itself turns out to be problematic since theFAUSTMANN model relies on model assumptions by which the features of thinning regimes tend to be faded out rather than substantiated. Therefore, an attempt has been made to approach a solution to the problem by means of simulations.The stand simulator SILVA 2, simulating stand growth in dependence on various thinning regimes and at the same time calculating the costs and revenues for the individual operations, proved to be suitable. Hence, payments series may be derived and holding values determined which are relevant to the decision to be taken. For the simulation experiments 40-, 60-, 70-, and 90-year-old spruce stands were selected at the time the decision was taken. The variables involved were type of thinning, thinning intensity and interval as well as the guiding rate of return of the forest owners.The financial analysis was extended by including public services, demonstrated by the example of biodiversity. For this purpose the technique according toKLEMPERER was applied, which considers changes in biodiversity and the opportunity costs thus accruing.Finally, the ten statements derived from the simulations for the selection of optimal thinning regimes are presented for peer reviewal.


Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt | 2000

Financial analysis of the thinning decision with consideration of biodiversity, using the example of spruce in Sachsen.

Peter Deegen; Wolfgang Stümer; Wolfgang Villa; Hans Pretzsch

ZusammenfassungIm Mittelpunkt traditioneller Untersuchungen zur Bestandesbehandlung stehen gewöhnlich Bestandeswachstum, Konkurrenz, Stabilität und Holzqualität. Obzwar notwendig für eine sachgerechte Waldpflege sind sie jedoch nicht hinreichend, da sie von schwerwiegenden ökonomischen Einflüssen wie Holzmarkt, Faktorpreisen, Zielstellungen der Waldbesitzer und Ansprüchen der Gesellschaft überlagert werden. Da Waldpflege in die Zukunft gerichtet ist, werden Entscheidungen darüber vom dynamischen Moment beeinflußt: Änderungen der natürlichen Umwelt muß ebenso Rechnung getragen werden wie der Wandel in den ökonomischen Prämissen und den Zielstellungen der Waldbesitzer.Die finanzielle Analyse von Waldpflegeregimen basiert im vorliegenden Beitrag auf der intertemporalen Investitionstheorie, speziell derFaustmannschen Formel als in sich geschlossenes Denkgebäude. Mit ihrer Hilfe werden die Hypothesen hergeleitet. Die Analyse selbst jedoch erweist sich als problematisch, da imFaustmannschen Modell mit Modellbedingungen gearbeitet wird, die das Typische von Waldpflegeregimen eher ausblendet als hervorhebt. Deshalb wurde versucht, sich mit Hilfe von Simulationen einer Beantwortung zu nähern.Als geeignet erwies sich der Bestandessimulator SILVA 2, welcher Bestandeswachstum in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Waldpflegeregimen simuliert und auch gleich Kosten und Erlöse für die einzelnen Eingriffe berechnet. Daraus lassen sich Zahlungsreihen konstruieren und die entscheidungsrelevanten Kapitalhaltungswerte bestimmen. Für die Simulationsexperimente wurde ein jeweils zum Entscheidungszeitpunkt 40-, 60-, 70- und 90jähriger Fichtenbestand ausgewählt. Als Variablen dienten Durchforstungsart, -stärke und -intervall sowie der Kalkulationszinssatz der Waldbesitzer.Erweitert wurde die finanzielle Analyse durch die Einbeziehung öffentlicher Leistungen, veranschaulicht am Beispiel der Biodiversität. Zur Anwendung kam dabei die Technik nachKlemperer, die Veränderungen in der Biodiversität den sich dadurch ergebenden Opportunitätskosten gegenüberstellt.Letztlich werden die/aus den Simulationen abgeleiteten zehn Grundsätze zur Wahl optimaler Waldpflegeregime der forstwissenschaftlichen Öffentlichkeit zur Kritik übergeben.SummaryStand growth, competition, stability, and wood quality are usually the focus of traditional investigations into stand treatment. Although needed for a stand-adequate intermediate harvest, they are not entirely satisfactory as they are superimposed by crucial economic influences such as the timber market, prices of production factors, objectives of the forest owners and societal demands. Due to the fact that thinning is future-oriented, the decisions taken in this context are controlled by a dynamic magnitude: Changes in the natural environment have to be complied with in the same way as changes in economic premises and the forest owners’ objectives.The financial analysis of thinning regimes is based on an intermediate investment theory, especially theFaustmann formula as an integer construct. It aids in deducing the hypotheses. However, the analysis itself turns out to be problematic since theFaustmann model relies on model assumptions by which the features of thinning regimes tend to be faded out rather than substantiated. Therefore, an attempt has been made to approach a solution to the problem by means of simulations.The stand simulator SILVA 2, simulating stand growth in dependence on various thinning regimes and at the same time calculating the costs and revenues for the individual operations, proved to be suitable. Hence, payments series may be derived and holding values determined which are relevant to the decision to be taken. For the simulation experiments 40-, 60-, 70-, and 90-year-old spruce stands were selected at the time the decision was taken. The variables involved were type of thinning, thinning intensity and interval as well as the guiding rate of return of the forest owners.The financial analysis was extended by including public services, demonstrated by the example of biodiversity. For this purpose the technique according toKlemperer was applied, which considers changes in biodiversity and the opportunity costs thus accruing.Finally, the ten statements derived from the simulations for the selection of optimal thinning regimes are presented for peer reviewal.Stand growth, competition, stability, and wood quality are usually the focus of traditional investigations into stand treatment. Although needed for a stand-adequate intermediate harvest, they are not entirely satisfactory as they are superimposed by crucial economic influences such as the timber market, prices of production factors, objectives of the forest owners and societal demands. Due to the fact that thinning is future-oriented, the decisions taken in this context are controlled by a dynamic magnitude: Changes in the natural environment have to be complied with in the same way as changes in economic premises and the forest owners’ objectives.The financial analysis of thinning regimes is based on an intermediate investment theory, especially theFAUSTMANN formula as an integer construct. It aids in deducing the hypotheses. However, the analysis itself turns out to be problematic since theFAUSTMANN model relies on model assumptions by which the features of thinning regimes tend to be faded out rather than substantiated. Therefore, an attempt has been made to approach a solution to the problem by means of simulations.The stand simulator SILVA 2, simulating stand growth in dependence on various thinning regimes and at the same time calculating the costs and revenues for the individual operations, proved to be suitable. Hence, payments series may be derived and holding values determined which are relevant to the decision to be taken. For the simulation experiments 40-, 60-, 70-, and 90-year-old spruce stands were selected at the time the decision was taken. The variables involved were type of thinning, thinning intensity and interval as well as the guiding rate of return of the forest owners.The financial analysis was extended by including public services, demonstrated by the example of biodiversity. For this purpose the technique according toKLEMPERER was applied, which considers changes in biodiversity and the opportunity costs thus accruing.Finally, the ten statements derived from the simulations for the selection of optimal thinning regimes are presented for peer reviewal.


Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt | 2000

Zur finanziellen Analyse der Waldpflegeentscheidung bei Berücksichtigung der Biodiversität, dargestellt am Beispiel der Fichte in Sachsen@@@Financial analysis of the thinning decision with consideration of biodiversity, using the example of spruce in Saxony

Peter Deegen; Wolfgang Villa; Wolfgang Stümer; Hans Pretzsch

ZusammenfassungIm Mittelpunkt traditioneller Untersuchungen zur Bestandesbehandlung stehen gewöhnlich Bestandeswachstum, Konkurrenz, Stabilität und Holzqualität. Obzwar notwendig für eine sachgerechte Waldpflege sind sie jedoch nicht hinreichend, da sie von schwerwiegenden ökonomischen Einflüssen wie Holzmarkt, Faktorpreisen, Zielstellungen der Waldbesitzer und Ansprüchen der Gesellschaft überlagert werden. Da Waldpflege in die Zukunft gerichtet ist, werden Entscheidungen darüber vom dynamischen Moment beeinflußt: Änderungen der natürlichen Umwelt muß ebenso Rechnung getragen werden wie der Wandel in den ökonomischen Prämissen und den Zielstellungen der Waldbesitzer.Die finanzielle Analyse von Waldpflegeregimen basiert im vorliegenden Beitrag auf der intertemporalen Investitionstheorie, speziell derFaustmannschen Formel als in sich geschlossenes Denkgebäude. Mit ihrer Hilfe werden die Hypothesen hergeleitet. Die Analyse selbst jedoch erweist sich als problematisch, da imFaustmannschen Modell mit Modellbedingungen gearbeitet wird, die das Typische von Waldpflegeregimen eher ausblendet als hervorhebt. Deshalb wurde versucht, sich mit Hilfe von Simulationen einer Beantwortung zu nähern.Als geeignet erwies sich der Bestandessimulator SILVA 2, welcher Bestandeswachstum in Abhängigkeit von verschiedenen Waldpflegeregimen simuliert und auch gleich Kosten und Erlöse für die einzelnen Eingriffe berechnet. Daraus lassen sich Zahlungsreihen konstruieren und die entscheidungsrelevanten Kapitalhaltungswerte bestimmen. Für die Simulationsexperimente wurde ein jeweils zum Entscheidungszeitpunkt 40-, 60-, 70- und 90jähriger Fichtenbestand ausgewählt. Als Variablen dienten Durchforstungsart, -stärke und -intervall sowie der Kalkulationszinssatz der Waldbesitzer.Erweitert wurde die finanzielle Analyse durch die Einbeziehung öffentlicher Leistungen, veranschaulicht am Beispiel der Biodiversität. Zur Anwendung kam dabei die Technik nachKlemperer, die Veränderungen in der Biodiversität den sich dadurch ergebenden Opportunitätskosten gegenüberstellt.Letztlich werden die/aus den Simulationen abgeleiteten zehn Grundsätze zur Wahl optimaler Waldpflegeregime der forstwissenschaftlichen Öffentlichkeit zur Kritik übergeben.SummaryStand growth, competition, stability, and wood quality are usually the focus of traditional investigations into stand treatment. Although needed for a stand-adequate intermediate harvest, they are not entirely satisfactory as they are superimposed by crucial economic influences such as the timber market, prices of production factors, objectives of the forest owners and societal demands. Due to the fact that thinning is future-oriented, the decisions taken in this context are controlled by a dynamic magnitude: Changes in the natural environment have to be complied with in the same way as changes in economic premises and the forest owners’ objectives.The financial analysis of thinning regimes is based on an intermediate investment theory, especially theFaustmann formula as an integer construct. It aids in deducing the hypotheses. However, the analysis itself turns out to be problematic since theFaustmann model relies on model assumptions by which the features of thinning regimes tend to be faded out rather than substantiated. Therefore, an attempt has been made to approach a solution to the problem by means of simulations.The stand simulator SILVA 2, simulating stand growth in dependence on various thinning regimes and at the same time calculating the costs and revenues for the individual operations, proved to be suitable. Hence, payments series may be derived and holding values determined which are relevant to the decision to be taken. For the simulation experiments 40-, 60-, 70-, and 90-year-old spruce stands were selected at the time the decision was taken. The variables involved were type of thinning, thinning intensity and interval as well as the guiding rate of return of the forest owners.The financial analysis was extended by including public services, demonstrated by the example of biodiversity. For this purpose the technique according toKlemperer was applied, which considers changes in biodiversity and the opportunity costs thus accruing.Finally, the ten statements derived from the simulations for the selection of optimal thinning regimes are presented for peer reviewal.Stand growth, competition, stability, and wood quality are usually the focus of traditional investigations into stand treatment. Although needed for a stand-adequate intermediate harvest, they are not entirely satisfactory as they are superimposed by crucial economic influences such as the timber market, prices of production factors, objectives of the forest owners and societal demands. Due to the fact that thinning is future-oriented, the decisions taken in this context are controlled by a dynamic magnitude: Changes in the natural environment have to be complied with in the same way as changes in economic premises and the forest owners’ objectives.The financial analysis of thinning regimes is based on an intermediate investment theory, especially theFAUSTMANN formula as an integer construct. It aids in deducing the hypotheses. However, the analysis itself turns out to be problematic since theFAUSTMANN model relies on model assumptions by which the features of thinning regimes tend to be faded out rather than substantiated. Therefore, an attempt has been made to approach a solution to the problem by means of simulations.The stand simulator SILVA 2, simulating stand growth in dependence on various thinning regimes and at the same time calculating the costs and revenues for the individual operations, proved to be suitable. Hence, payments series may be derived and holding values determined which are relevant to the decision to be taken. For the simulation experiments 40-, 60-, 70-, and 90-year-old spruce stands were selected at the time the decision was taken. The variables involved were type of thinning, thinning intensity and interval as well as the guiding rate of return of the forest owners.The financial analysis was extended by including public services, demonstrated by the example of biodiversity. For this purpose the technique according toKLEMPERER was applied, which considers changes in biodiversity and the opportunity costs thus accruing.Finally, the ten statements derived from the simulations for the selection of optimal thinning regimes are presented for peer reviewal.


Forest Policy and Economics | 2015

A combined economic analysis of optimal planting density, thinning and rotation for an even-aged forest stand

Andreas Halbritter; Peter Deegen


Forest Policy and Economics | 2013

New frontiers of forest economics

Shashi Kant; Sen Wang; Peter Deegen; Martin Hostettler; Roderich von Detten; Theodore E. Howard; David N. Laband; Claire A. Montgomery; Nicolas Robert; Walter Sekot; Gregory Valatin; Daowei Zhang


Journal of Forest Economics | 2011

Pressler's indicator rate formula as a guide for forest management ☆

Sun Joseph Chang; Peter Deegen


Journal of Forest Economics | 2011

Economic analysis of exploitation and regeneration in plantations with problematic site productivity

Andreas Halbritter; Peter Deegen


Forest Policy and Economics | 2013

Economics of the external and the extended orders of markets and politics and their application in forestry

Peter Deegen

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Andreas Halbritter

Dresden University of Technology

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Wolfgang Stümer

Dresden University of Technology

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Wolfgang Villa

Dresden University of Technology

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Sen Wang

Natural Resources Canada

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Holm Uibrig

Dresden University of Technology

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Kai Matolepszy

Dresden University of Technology

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