Peter Kraker

Components of a research 2.0 infrastructure

In this paper, we investigate the components of a Research 2.0 infrastructure. We propose building blocks and their concrete implementation to leverage Research 2.0 practice and technologies in our field, including a publication feed format for exchanging publication data, a RESTful API to retrieve publication and Web 2.0 data, and a publisher suit for refining and aggregating data. We illustrate the use of this infrastructure with Research 2.0 application examples ranging from a Mash-Up environment, a mobile and multitouch application, thereby demonstrating the strength of this infrastructure.

The case for an open science in technology enhanced learning

In this paper, we make the case for an open science in technology enhanced learning (TEL). Open science means opening up the research process by making all of its outcomes, and the way in which these outcomes were achieved, publicly available on the World Wide Web. In our vision, the adoption of open science instruments provides a set of solid and sustainable ways to connect the disjoint communities in TEL. Furthermore, we envision that researchers in TEL would be able to reproduce the results from any paper using the instruments of open science. Therefore, we introduce the concept of open methodology, which stands for sharing the methodological details of the evaluation provided, and the tools used for data collection and analysis. We discuss the potential benefits, but also the issues of an open science, and conclude with a set of recommendations for implementing open science in TEL.

Visualization of co-readership patterns from an online reference management system

In this paper, we analyze the adequacy and applicability of readership statistics recorded in social reference management systems for creating knowledge domain visualizations. First, we investigate the distribution of subject areas in user libraries of educational technology researchers on Mendeley. The results show that around 69% of the publications in an average user library can be attributed to a single subject area. Then, we use co-readership patterns to map the field of educational technology. The resulting visualization prototype, based on the most read publications in this field on Mendeley, reveals 13 topic areas of educational technology research. The visualization is a recent representation of the field: 80% of the publications included were published within ten years of data collection. The characteristics of the readers, however, introduce certain biases to the visualization. Knowledge domain visualizations based on readership statistics are therefore multifaceted and timely, but it is important that the characteristics of the underlying sample are made transparent.

On the way to a science intelligence: visualizing TEL tweets for trend detection

This paper presents an adaptable system for detecting trends based on the micro-blogging service Twitter, and sets out to explore to what extent such a tool can support researchers. Twitter has high uptake in the scientific community, but there is a need for a means of extracting the most important topics from a Twitter stream. There are too many tweets to read them all, and there is no organized way of keeping up with the backlog. Following the cues of visual analytics, we use visualizations to show both the temporal evolution of topics, and the relations between different topics. The Twitter Trend Detection was evaluated in the domain of Technology Enhanced Learning (TEL). The evaluation results indicate that our prototype supports trend detection but reveals the need for refined preprocessing, and further zooming and filtering facilities.

Zenodo in the Spotlight of Traditional and New Metrics

In this case study, we aim to explore the characteristics and the reception of files uploaded to Zenodo and the role the repository plays itself in generating usage. To this end, we first apply descriptive statistics on Zenodo’s full set of data record metadata with DOIs until and including January 2017 (n=141,777 records). Second, we estimate the coverage of Zenodo datasets in the Data Citation Index (DCI) as well as of Zenodo journal articles in the Science Citation Index (SCI), Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), Zenodo books and book chapters in the Book Citation Index, and Zenodo conference papers in the Proceedings Citation Index, and analyse their citedness according to the different data record types in Zenodo (e.g., journal article, dataset, book, or conference paper). Third, we provide a bibliometric analysis of Zenodo records by using different metrics for citedness, including citation, usage and altmetrics. Altmetrics data are gathered from two of the most popular tools for altmetric analyses, PlumX and Altmetric.com, and we compare the results. Moreover, we study how open access and DOIs provided by Zenodo influence the impact of Zenodo data records and we find a tendency towards a positive relationship between permissive access rights and altmetrics in certain data records.

Opening up new channels for scholarly review, dissemination, and assessment

The growing dissatisfaction with the traditional scholarly communication process and publishing practices as well as increasing usage and acceptance of ICT and Web 2.0 technologies in research have resulted in the proliferation of alternative review, publishing and bibliometric methods. The EU-funded project OpenUP addresses key aspects and challenges of the currently transforming science landscape and aspires to come up with a cohesive framework for the review-disseminate-assess phases of the research life cycle that is fit to support and promote open science. The objective of this paper is to present first results and conclusions of the landscape scan and analysis of alternative peer review, altmetrics and innovative dissemination methods done during the first project year.

Open Knowledge Maps: Creating a Visual Interface to the World’s Scientific Knowledge Based on Natural Language Processing

The goal of Open Knowledge Maps is to create a visual interface to the world’s scientific knowledge. The base for this visual interface consists of so-called knowledge maps, which enable the exploration of existing knowledge and the discovery of new knowledge. Our open source knowledge mapping software applies a mixture of summarization techniques and similarity measures on article metadata, which are iteratively chained together. After processing, the representation is saved in a database for use in a web visualization. In the future, we want to create a space for collective knowledge mapping that brings together individuals and communities involved in exploration and discovery. We want to enable people to guide each other in their discovery by collaboratively annotating and modifying the automatically created maps. Das Ziel von Open Knowledge Map ist es, ein visuelles Interface zum wissenschaftlichen Wissen der Welt bereitzustellen. Die Basis fur die dieses Interface sind sogenannte “knowledge maps”, zu deutsch Wissenslandkarten. Wissenslandkarten ermoglichen die Exploration bestehenden Wissens und die Entdeckung neuen Wissens. Unsere Open Source Software wendet fur die Erstellung der Wissenslandkarten eine Reihe von Text Mining Verfahren iterativ auf die Metadaten wissenschaftlicher Artikel an. Die daraus resultierende Reprasentation wird in einer Datenbank fur die Anzeige in einer Web-Visualisierung abgespeichert. In Zukunft wollen wir einen Raum fur das kollektive Erstellen von Wissenslandkarten schaffen, der die Personen und Communities, welche sich mit der Exploration und Entdeckung wissenschaftlichen Wissens beschaftigen, zusammenbringt. Wir wollen es den NutzerInnen ermoglichen, einander in der Literatursuche durch kollaboratives Annotieren und Modifizieren von automatisch erstellten Wissenslandkarten zu unterstutzen.

Open Science in Österreich: Ansätze und Status

Insbesondere in den letzten zwei Jahren hat Österreich im Bereich Open Science, vor allem was Open Access und Open Data betrifft, nennenswerte Fortschritte gemacht. Die Gründung des Open Access Networks Austria (OANA) und das Anfang 2014 gestartete Projekt e-Infrastructures Austria können als wichtige Grundsteine für den Ausbau einer österreichischen Open-Science-Landschaft gesehen werden. Auch das österreichische Kapitel der Open Knowledge Foundation leistet in den Bereichen Open Science Praxis- und Bewusstseinsbildung grundlegende Arbeit. Unter anderem bilden diese Initiativen die Grundlage für den Aufbau einer nationalen Open-Access-Strategie sowie einer ganz Österreich abdeckenden Infrastruktur für Open Access und Open (Research) Data. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über diese und ähnliche nationale sowie lokale Open-Science-Projekte und -Initiativen und einen Ausblick in die mögliche Zukunft von Open Science in Österreich. Particularly in the last two years Austria made considerable progress in the area of Open Science, especially in terms of Open Access and Open Data. The foundation of the Open Access Network Austria (OANA) and the launch of the e-Infrastructures Austria project early 2014 can be seen as important cornerstones of a developing Austrian Open Science landscape. The Austrian Chapter of the Open Knowledge Foundation substantially contributes to Open Science practice- and awareness building as well. Among others, these initiatives are the basis for setting up a national Open Access strategy as well as a nationwide Open Access and Open (Research) Data infrastructure. This paper describes these and similar national as well as local Open Science projects and initiatives, and gives a potential overview of Austria’s Open Science future. L’Autriche a connu des progrès significatifs dans le domaine de l’Open Science, notamment en ce qui concerne l’Open Access et l’Open Data, et cela surtout pendant les deux dernières années. La création de l’Open Access Network Austria (OANA) et le projet e-Infrastructures qui a débuté en 2014 peuvent être considérés comme les pierres angulaires du développement d’un paysage Open Science autrichien. La partie autrichienne de l’Open Knowledge Foundation joue également un rôle très important dans les domaines de la pratique et de la sensibilisation de l’Open Science. Ces initiatives constituent, entre autres, la base pour la mise en place d’une stratégie nationale de l’Open Access et d’une infrastructure Open (Research) Data couvrant toute l’Autriche. Les auteurs décrivent ces projets nationaux ainsi que d’autres initiatives similaires à un niveau plus restreint et donnent un aperçu de l’avenir possible de l’Open Science en Autriche.

Educational technology as seen through the eyes of the readers

In this paper, I present the evaluation of a novel knowledge domain the visualisation of educational technology. The interactive visualisation is based on readership patterns in the online reference management system Mendeley. It comprises of 13 topic areas, spanning psychological, pedagogical, and methodological foundations, learning methods and technologies, and social and technological developments. The visualisation was evaluated with: 1 a qualitative comparison to knowledge domain visualisations based on citations, and 2 expert interviews. The results show that the co-readership visualisation is a recent representation of pedagogical and psychological research in educational technology. Furthermore, the co-readership analysis covers more areas than comparable visualisations based on co-citation patterns. Areas related to computer science, however, are missing from the co-readership visualisation and more research is needed to explore the interpretations of size and placement of research areas on the map.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Systems for the Visual Navigation of Encyclopedia Knowledge Spaces

Modern digital encyclopedias contain hundreds of thousands of textual articles and multimedia elements. Alternative discovery techniques facilitating the visual exploration of encyclopedia knowledge spaces have recently received much attention. We present the results of a comparative usability evaluation of a two-dimensional and a three-dimensional visualization system integrated with the Brockhaus encyclopedia. Both systems enable visual navigation of article context. Results indicate that both systems perform comparably and that users prefer the threedimensional visualization system.