Pollianna Muniz Alves

Efeito antibacteriano e antiaderente in vitro do extrato da Punica granatum Linn. sobre microrganismos do biofilme dental

Nesta pesquisa foi avaliada a atividade antimicrobiana e a capacidade de inibicao da sintese de glucano in vitro do extrato da casca do fruto da roma (Punica granatum Linn.) sobre linhagens bacterianas de Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus sobrinus e Lactobacillus casei. Os ensaios foram realizados pelas tecnicas de agar-difusao em placas para determinacao da Concentracao Inibitoria Minima (CIM) e tecnica dos tubos inclinados para determinacao da Concentracao Inibitoria Minima de Aderencia (CIMA) ao vidro, na presenca de 5% de sacarose. Os mesmos procedimentos foram realizados com a clorexidina a 0,12%. As CIMs (mg/mL) do extrato da P. granatum frente ao S. mitis, S. mutans, S. sanguis, S. sobrinus e L. casei foram 1:32, 1:8, 1:8, 1:512, e 1:128, respectivamente. Para as CIMAs o extrato da P. granatum mostrou resultados melhores que a clorexidina, exceto para o S. mutans com achados semelhantes na diluicao de 1:256. Os resultados mostram a potencialidade da P. granatum na inibicao do crescimento bacteriano e sintese de glucano representada pela aderencia ao vidro, sugerindo o emprego do extrato da roma, como meio alternativo, no controle desses microrganismos na formacao do biofilme.

Concentração mínima bactericida do extrato do cajueiro sobre bactérias do biofilme dental

Resumen pt: Objetivo: Estudar a atividade bactericida, in vitro, do extrato da casca do caule do Anacardium occidentale Linn. (cajueiro) sobre os microrganismos form...

Clinical and histopathological evidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma in young patients: systematized review

The oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) very often affects subjects above the sixth decade of life. However an increasing incidence has been observed in younger individuals, below 40 years. We conducted a systematized review of the current clinical, histopathological and therapeutic aspects of OSCC in young patients. Our work included studies that addressed OSCC involving young patients in the period 2007 2012, and which were indexed in PubMed. Initially, 499 articles were obtained; after refinement, 340 articles had their titles and abstracts evaluated, with 17 included in the sample. The majority of studies reported male predominance (87.5%), association with tobacco and/ or alcohol use (66.6%), advanced clinical stages at diagnosis (77.7%) and, at histopathology, moderately differentiated tumors (72.7%). Based on the results, we believe there are differences in the factors associated with pathogenesis, biological behavior and prognosis in young patients, since most studies show more rapid and aggressive tumor progression in this age group. We suggest the conduction of research focusing on the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of OSCC in young patients, thereby searching for better scientific evidence.

Epidermoid cyst in tongue's ventral face

epidermoid cysts are benign development alterations without the presence of adjacent structures such as sebaceous glands, hair follicles or sweat glands. it may start at any part of the body and they are more commonly found in the testicles and ovaries. they are rare in the orofacial region, and only about 1% involves the oral cavity. their etiology is uncertain; however, it is believed that they are associated with ectoderm remains trapped in the first and second branchial arches; even then, there are other theories in vogue such as accidental or surgical events, when epithelium is traumatically implanted within deeper structures. We hereby report a case of epidermoid cyst in the tongue belly, and we discuss the importance of knowledge and the clinical and histological differential diagnosis of this entity.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs): clinical-pathological parameters in squamous cell carcinomas of the lower lip

The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) subpopulations M1 and M2 in squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip (SCCLL) by immunohistochemitry, and to evaluate the possible role of these subtypes in the development of regional lymph node metastasis and their association with clinical and pathological parameters. Forty-two cases of SCCLL were divided into two groups (21 with and 21 without regional lymph node metastasis). The histopathological grade of malignancy was determined and the material was submitted to double staining with anti-CD68/anti-CD163 and anti-CD68/anti-HLA-DR monoclonal antibodies. The results were analyzed statistically using the Wilcoxon signed-rank and Spearman correlation tests. The M1 and M2 subpopulations were observed in all cases studied. No significant difference was observed between the quantities of M1 and M2 TAMs regarding tumor size (p > 0.05). A significantly larger number of M2 compared to M1 TAMs was observed in tumors without regional lymph node metastasis, tumors in early stages, and low-grade tumors (p < 0.05). No significant difference between the numbers of M1 and M2 TAMs was observed in tumors with regional lymph node metastasis, tumors in advanced stages, and high-grade tumors (p > 0.05). There was a positive weak correlation between M1 and M2 TAMs (r = 0.361; p = 0.019). The results suggest a more important role of M2 TAMs in early stages than advanced stages of lip carcinogenesis. The progression of SCCLL does not seem to be related to an imbalance of macrophage polarization in the microenvironment of these tumors.

Clinical, tomographic and histopathological aspects of the nasopalatine duct cyst

A 41-year-old female leukoderma patient was referred bythe orthodontist with a suspected maxillary injury. Thepatient had no complaints, and reported 11/21 extrac-tions due to caries as a child. On physical examination,no facial asymmetry was noted mucosae were intact(Fig. 1A). Computed tomography (CT) showed a sin-gle hypodense and well-delineated lesion, approximately1.0 cm×0.7 0.8 in size, following thecourse ofnasopalatineduct(Fig.1B).Excisionalbiopsywasperformed(Fig. 1C), and thespecimen was sent to Oral Pathol-ogy Laboratory, where a cystic cavity lined by thin columnarpseudostratified epithelium, consisting of one to three celllayers and a dense fibrous cystic capsule, was observedon microscopic examination (Fig. 1D). A predominantlymononuclear inflammatory infiltrate was evident in the cystlumen. From the clinical, tomographic, and histopatholog-ical findings, the diagnosis of nasopalatine duct cyst was

Impact of the anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking on the prevalence of advanced oral cancer in Brazil

Background To evaluate the prevalence of oral cancer in Brazil according to the clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking. Material and Methods Data referring to 31,217 cases of oral cancer, from 2000 to 2010, were obtained from the Integrator Module of the Hospital Registry of Cancer. Inconsistent data (“non-classified” cases) was eliminated and 21,160 cases were analyzed. The frequency distribution according to clinical stage, anatomical location, alcoholism and smoking was analyzed descriptively and through a binary logistic regression model (α<0.05). The clinical stage (dependent variable) was dichotomized in early stage (I and II) or advanced stage (III and IV). The year of diagnosis, anatomical location and deleterious habits (alcoholism and smoking) were considered independent variables. Results The most frequent characteristics were: oropharynx location (n=3856, 18.41%), clinical stage IV (n=11924, 56.09%) and combined use of alcohol and tobacco (n=19226; 61.59%). The year 2009 (p<0.01, PR = 1.162, CI-95%=1.053-1.283) and location at the base of tongue (p<0.01, PR = 2.485, CI-95% = 2.182-2.807) presented a higher prevalence ratio for advanced stage oral cancer. The combined use of alcohol and tobacco showed a higher prevalence rate for the advanced clinical stage of cancer (p<0.01, PR =1.449, CI-95%=1.382-1.520) if compared to individuals without habits, or just alcoholics. Conclusions Higher prevalence of advanced stage of oral cancer is related to the localization at the base of the tongue and to the concomitant use of alcohol and tobacco. Therefore, it can be suggested that all these characteristics lead to a worse prognosis of oral cancer. Key words:Oral cancer, neoplasm staging, alcoholism, tobacco use disorder.

Clinical and immunohistochemical study of melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the maxilla

RESUMO O tumor neuroectodermico melanocitico da infância e uma neoplasia rara e de crescimento rapido. Neste estudo, relata-se o caso de uma paciente do sexo feminino de 6 meses de idade, que apresentou tumefacao na regiao anterior de maxila. A reconstrucao tomografica revelou area unilocular hipodensa e expansiva associada ao incisivo central superior direito deciduo. Realizou-se biopsia incisional, considerando as hipoteses diagnosticas de cisto dentigero, tumor odontogenico adenomatoide, tumor neuroectodermico melanocitico da infância e rabdomiossarcoma. Microscopicamente, a lesao revelou populacao [...]

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst associated with multinucleated giant cell reaction: report of unusual findings

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts are developmental odontogenic cysts, presenting with low frequency, low rate of recurrence and their ethiopathogenesis is unknown. Radiographically, they show a radiolucent area in the mandibular posterior region. The aim of this report is to describe an unusual case of orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts, radiographically exhibiting radiopaque areas with an aspect of calcifications in the lesion. Based on this, the clinical hypothesis of ameloblastic fibro-odontoma was suggested. After incisional biopsy and microscopic analysis, the conclusive diagnosis was orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts. The radiopaque foci were observed to be associated with a foreign body reaction. The patient was submitted to surgery under local anesthesia, with intraoral access for complete excision of the lesion and to re-establish esthetics. After follow-up of 24 months there were no signs of recurrence. Knowledge of this type of reaction is important because of the risk that the lesion may mimic a potentially more aggressive lesion, affecting the choice of treatment. Indexing terms: Giant cells. Odontogenic cysts. Pathology.

Changes in the Immuno-Expression of Galectins -1, -3 and -7 in Relation to the Biological Behavior of Lip Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective: To evaluate the expression through immunohistochemistry of galectins -1, -3 and -7 in cases of lip squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in association with clinical data and morphological parameters proposed by Bryne (1998). Material and Methods: Thirty paraffin-embedded SCC cases were submitted to histological sections. Two independent pathologists performed the analysis of galectins -1, -3 and -7 through light microscopy evaluating the presence or absence of marking and intensity. The expressions of these proteins were submitted to statistical analysis (chi-square test, Fishers exact test and Binomial test for the comparison of proportions). Results: Positive expression of galectins -1 and -3 was observed in 93.3% and 43.3% of cases, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant association between these proteins and the clinical variables used. Galectin-7 immuno-expression was present in all cases evaluated and showed statistical significance between marked cell type (parenchyma cells) and regional metastasis and between marked cell type (parenchyma cells) and histological gradation. Conclusion: Changes in the galectins -1, -3 and -7 expression suggest the participation of these proteins in the regulation of cellular functions and that the immuno-expression of these proteins can act as a marker of the biological behavior of lip squamous cell carcinoma.