Pradeep Shukla

Surface topography of dental implants: A review

Pure titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys are well-established standard materials in dental implants due to their favorable combination of mechanical strength, chemical stability and biocompatibility. The concept of osseointegration was discovered by Brenemark and his co-worker and has had a dramatic influence on clinical treatment of oral implants. The first generation of successfully used clinical Ti implants, which were machined with a smooth surface texture, now approach 50 years in the clinical use. Since then, implant surfaces have long been recognized to play a vital role in molecular interactions, cellular response and osseointegration and scientists all over the world have developed the second generation implants with surfaces which can accelerate and improve implant osseointegration.

Inflammatory hyperplasia: From diagnosis to treatment

Gingival enlargement, the currently accepted terminology for an increase in the size of the gingiva, is a common feature of gingival disease. Local and systemic factors influence the gingival conditions of the patient. These factors results in a spectrum of diseases that can be developmental, reactive and inflammatory to neoplastic. In this article, the history, etiology, clinical and histopathological features, treatment strategies and preventive protocol of inflammatory hyperplasia are discussed.

Plasma cell gingivitis

The aim of the article is to present a report on the clinical presentation of plasma cell gingivitis with the use of herbal toothpowder. Plasma cell gingivitis [PCG] is a rare benign condition of the gingiva characterized by sharply demarcated erythematous and edematous gingivitis often extending to the mucogingival junction. As the name suggests it is diffuse and massive infiltration of plasma cells into the sub-epithelial gingival tissue. It is a hypersensitivity reaction to some antigen, often flavouring agents or spices found in chewing gums, toothpastes and lorenzes. A 27-yr old male with a chief complaint of painful, bleeding swollen mass in his lower front teeth region with prolong use of herbal toothpowder.The gingiva bled readily on probing. Patient was advised to refrain from the use of herbal toothpowder and along with periodontal treatment, no further reoccurrence was found. as more and more herbal products are gaining popularity, clinicians should be aware of effects of these products. Early diagnosis is essential as plasma cell gingivitis has similar pathologic changes seen clinically as in leukemia, HIV infection, discoid lupus erythematosis, atrophic lichen planus, desquamative gingivitis, or cicatrical pemphigoid which must be differentiated through hematologic and serologic testing.

Periodontology Microsurgery: An Advanced Surgical Technique

The purpose of this article is to limelight the benefit of periodontal microsurgery in the surgical disciplines. It reviews the benefits and potential applications of magnification and microsurgery in the specialty of periodontics. The increased demand for mucogingival aesthetics has required the optimisation of periodontal procedures. Microsurgery is a minimally invasive technique that is performed with the surgical microscope and adapted instruments and suture materials. Although this hardware and knowledge of various operations are necessary to achieve patient aesthetic expectations, clinicians must be willing to undergo an extended period of systematic training to become familiar with novel operating procedures and instruments. This article describes the application of the surgical microscope to provide enhanced perioplastic treatment.

An Aberrant Case Report of Pyogenic Granuloma

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a relatively common, soft tissue tumour of oral cavity that is believed to be reactive and not neoplastic in nature. It is a reactive hyperplasia of connective tissue in response to local irritants. Here we present a case of PG in a pregnant female patient aged 26 yrs managed by surgical intervention using diode laser.

A novel approach for retreatment of multirooted tooth by partial radisection

Modern advances in all phases of dentistry have provided the opportunity for patients to maintain a functional dentition for lifetime. Therapeutic measures performed to ensure retention of teeth vary in complexity. The treatment may involve combining restorative dentistry, endodontics, and periodontics so that the teeth are retained in whole or in part. Thus, tooth resection procedures are used to preserve as much tooth structure as possible rather than sacrificing the whole tooth. This treatment can produce predictable results as long as proper diagnostic, endodontic, surgical, prosthetic, and maintenance procedures are performed. The keys to long-term success appear to be thorough diagnosis, selection of patients with good oral hygiene and careful surgical and restorative management.

Fibroma: A Case Report

Local reactive focal overgrowths are frequently found in the oral cavities. Different types of localised reactive lesions may occur on the gingiva. Focal fibrous hyperplasia or fibroma is considered the most common benign soft tissue growth in the oral cavity. This lesion has a predilection for females. A case of a fibrotic lesion of the gingiva in a 32-year-old female is reported. The lesion occurred on the anterior mandible on the lingual attached gingiva. Histological examination characterised the lesion as fibroma.

Bisphosphonates: An update to the general dentist

Bisphosphonates (BP), included under host modulation therapy are drugs that inhibit bone resorption and commonly prescribed to prevent skeletal related changes in malignant diseases of bone and bone diseases such as osteoporosis. The sudden rise of this group of drugs is unfortunately because of the serious complication of osteonecrosis of jaws called Bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of jaws which leads to many dental related complications. This literature review is undertaken to review the general recommendations to the dentist and clinical implications of BPs. The implications of BPs use in dentistry are still being determined.