R.C.S. Tôrres

Freqüência e assimetria da displasia coxofemoral em cães Pastor-Alemão

A study of frequency and asymmetry of hip dysplasia was carried out using 181 X-rays plates of German Shepherd dogs, both males and females, from June 1986 to March 1993. The X-ray plates were taken with the animals on the ventrodorsal position, with the limbs parallel and the pelvis symmetric. The average age of the dogs was 16.6 months. Results showed 72.4% of dysplastic dogs, being 5.3% unilateral, 89.4% bilateral simmetric and 5.3% bilateral asymmetric.

Freqüência de displasia coxofemoral em cães da raça Labrador Retriever no Estado de Minas Gerais

Ninety three X-ray of Labrador Retriever dogs, males and females, obtained from February 1995 to March 2001, were studied with the purpose of establishing the frequency of hip dysplasia. X-rays were taken with the animal in the ventrodorsal position, with the limbs parallels and the pelves in symmetry. The study indicated that 74.2% of the animals had hip dysplasia of different grades.

Presence of Morgan-Line as an indicator of canine hip dysplasia in German Shepherd dogs

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the presence of Morgan line and hip dysplasia. From June, 1986 to October, 1993, 190 X-ray plates of German Shepherd dogs, from both sexes were collected and analyzed. The results showed that out of the 190 dogs evaluated, 136 (71.6%) had hip dysplasia, 43 (22.6%) presented Morgan line and 41 (21.5%) showed both of them. Just two (1.1%) dogs presented Morgan line without hip dysplasia. No statistically significant difference was found between males (21.8%) and females (23.3%). From this study it can be concluded that the presence of the Morgan line can be considered indicative to hip dysplasia diagnosis, even though the absence of the line does not exclude the possibility of hip dysplasia.

Distrator articular no diagnóstico radiográfico precoce da displasia coxofemoral em cães

Aiming the canine hip dysplasia (CHD) early diagnosis, 60 dogs of both sexes (32 females and 28 males) and of different breeds had their hip joints radiographically studied. The X ray examinations were taken in early age (7.2± 1.2 months) and repeated at adult age (14.4± 1.6 months) using the conventional radiographic method (CRM) and the radiographic distraction method (RDM) performed, by its turn, with a new device, specially designed or this experiment. In order to quantify the relationship between the femoral head and the acetabulus the Norberg Angle (NA) was measured at CRM and the distraction index (DI) was calculated at RDM. There was a significant statistical correlation (P<0.001) between DI of the first examination and NA of the second examination. The cut off for sick and normal subjects for DI was 0.35. The dogs with DI values greater than 0,35 presented radiographic signals of degenerative joint disease (DJD). Interestingly, the highest was the DI; the greatest were the radiographic signals of DJD. Four animals considered normal when CRM was performed at second examination had DI superior than 0.35 at first examination. This fact shows that false negative results can occur when only the conventional method is used. Two of three sick dogs that had DI values bellow 0.35 were classified as borderline by CRM. This confirms the indefinite of this class. The association of CRM and the proposed method showed to be extremely useful in early age CHD diagnosis, as it can predict the adult age phenotype.

Associação entre o ângulo de Norberg, o percentual de cobertura da cabeça femoral, o índice cortical e o ângulo de inclinação em cães com displasia coxofemoral

A total of 386 radiographs of the pelvis were evaluated, being 220 of German Shepherd dogs (112 males and 108 females) and 166 of Labrador Retrievers (69 males and 97 females). The radiographs were degree classified regarding the of hip dysplasia (DHD). The Norberg and inclination angles, the cortico-medullary index, and the percentage coverage of the femoral head were measured and associated using multivariate statistical technique (principal component analysis). The cortico-medullary index and the inclination angle were inversely associated. The results indicated that German Shepherd Dogs showed lower cortico-medullary index and DHD compared with Labrador Retrievers. The higher the inclination angle, the lower the Norberg angle and percentage coverage of the femoral head. It was observed that with age, animals showed lower Norberg angles and percentage coverage of the femoral head, thus more hip dysplasia severity. Females were associated to lower femoral head coverage and Norberg angles, and more severe DHD. Femoral inclination angle and cortico-medullary index did not demonstrate a correlation to DHD.

Índices ecoDopplercardiográficos de função ventricular esquerda em cães das raças Boxer e Schnauzer Miniatura

The index of myocardial performance (IMP) and others ecoDopplercardiographic indexes of ventricular function were evaluated in dogs of two different breeds and somatotypes. Twenty-four Miniature Schnauzer dogs averaging 8.4±1.6kg and 24 Boxer dogs averaging 25.1±2.6kg were used. IPM, ejection phase indexes, pre-ejection period, pre-ejection period/ejection time relation, and E wave deceleration time of mitral inflow showed correlation to body weight with significant differences between the breeds. Body weight was considered the main breed characteristic responsible for the observed differences. Ejection time (r=-0.51), pre-ejection time (r=-0.44), and isovolumetric relaxation time (r=-0.38) presented correlation with heart rate. The use of pre-ejection period/ejection time relation and ejection time correct by heart rate diminishes the influence of heart rate on the parameters.

Ultrasonic and radiographic study of laxity in hip joints of young dogs

In the present study, 22 hip joints of Whippet (four), Rottweiler (five) and Labrador Retriever (two) young dogs were evaluated with the aim of comparing the ultrasonic examination of coxofemoral joints with the radiographic evaluations, both distraction and conventional procedures, for the early diagnosis of passive laxity. The study was based on static ultrasonography, conventional radiography (CR) and distraction radiography (DR) methods. In order to quantify the relationship between the femur head and the acetabulum, the alpha (a) and gamma (g) angles were measured by ultrasonographic examination, the Norberg angle (NA) was measured by CR, and the distraction index (DI) was measured by DR. It was observed a negative correlation between angles a and g (r= -0,756; P<0.001) and correlation between DI and NA (r= -0.474; P<0.026). No correlation was observed between angles a and g in relation to DI and NA (a and DI: r= -0.380; P<0.081; a and NA: r= 0.013; P<0.954; g and DI: r= 0.338; P<0.124; g and NA: r= -0.192; P<0.391). The static ultrasonographic did not prove to be a sensitive method to earlier detection of passive laxity of coxofemoral joints in dogs aging 14 and 15 day-old. The distraction index of DR was efficient in early detecting the passive laxity in dogs averaging five months old, when compared to the NA of CR. Two false negative dogs were detected by the DI. The CR method was relevant to detect osteoarthritis alterations, helping the diagnosis of hip dysplasia (HD).

Diagnóstico citológico de neoplasia pulmonar por meio de lavado broncoalveolar em uma cadela: relato de caso

This article reports a case of a bitch, Poodle, 12 year-old with chronic cough, which had insufficient response to medicamentous therapy. Thoracic radiographic revealed a lobar consolidation in left caudal pulmonary lobe. A bronchoalveolar lavage sample was collected by bronchoscopy for cytology examination. Malignant epithelial cells were observed through cytology allowing the diagnosis of carcinoma. The differential diagnosis between primary pulmonary neoplasm and metastatic neoplasm was not possible.

Avaliação radiográfica da silhueta cardíaca pelo método vertebral heart size em cães da raça Yorkshire Terrier clinicamente normais

The mean vertebral heart size (VHS) was established for Yorkshire Terrier dogs. Thirty clinically normal dogs with mean weight of 2.42±0.64kg and ages varying from one to six years of age, were studied. The animals were submitted to right lateral, ventrodorsal and dorsoventral thoracic radiographs. The Buchanan e Bucheler method was applied to the cardiac silhouette and thoracic depth and width. The VHS was 9.9±0.6 vertebrae on lateral, 10.1±0.6 on ventrodorsal and 10.0±0.6 on dorsoventral radiographs. There was no difference among these values. Five animals (16.7%) presented VHS values exceeding 10.5, the value suggested as upper limit for most breeds in lateral view. However, 95% of the animals in this study provide VHS values below the upper limit, and this should be equal to 11 vertebrae. The VHS values had significant correlation with body weight on lateral and VD radiographs. The mean depth:width ratio was 0.75±0.06. There was no correlation among VHS and depth:width ratios.

Freqüência da displasia coxofemoral em cães da raça Pastor Alemão

One hundred twenty-three radiographs of German Shepherd dogs (47 females and 76 males) from Military Police of Minas Gerais State were studied from April 2001 to july 2004, with the purpose of establishing the frequency and asymmetry of hip displasia. The radiographs were taken with the animals in the ventrodorsal position, with the limbs parallel and the pelvis symmetric. The average age of the dogs was 33.8±23.5 months-old. The study indicated that 89.4% of them had hip dysplasia (91.5% of females and 88.2% of males), being 6.3% unilateral, 17.3% bilateral asymmetric, and 76.4% bilateral symmetric. The frequency of hip displasia in the studied population was high, indicating the necessity of an efficient control program of the disease.