R.L. Powell

Animal germplasm information systems

Information has been published by breed, research, and conservation organizations on numbers and locations of animals and, in some cases, measures of phenotypic performance. Literature searches can identify reports on characteristics of specific breeds, but published information is scant about many endangered breeds. Comprehensive information would be more readily available from data banks designed to document animal germplasm resources. Recent efforts to establish data banks have been made by European and African groups and by the United Nations. Information on the genetic merit of endangered livestock breeds generally is lacking because small numbers of animals preclude accurate genetic evaluations and because refined analytic procedures may be unavailable in the country where the animals are located. Information on previous research needs to be consolidated to avoid duplication of effort and promote further research. Care needs to be taken so that breeds are preserved with their true genetic uniqueness, not in name only. Increasing availability and application of computers should improve recording, preserving, and sharing of information. Ironically, accurate and objective information on genetic merit may hasten the demise of breeds or strains apparently less competitive under current conditions unless conservation measures are taken.