Rafael Boldrini

Primeiro levantamento da fauna de Ephemeroptera (Insecta) do Espírito Santo, Sudeste do Brasil

Based on collections performed between 2008 and 2009 at Parque Nacional do Caparao, Reserva Biologica de Sooretama, among other areas in Espirito Santo State, southeastern Brazil, we present the first survey of mayflies (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from the state. Despite the fact that the state is one of the smallest in Brazil, representing only 0.53% of the country area, a surprising diversity was found. Seventy-six species, 41 genera and nine families were identified, which represents about 25% of the species reported from Brazil, 65% of the genera, and almost all families. Of these, 17 species (most of Baetidae and Leptophlebiidae) are new to science. Five species, collected only at the nymphal stage, could not be identified to the species level. The present work demonstrates that, as for other organisms, the diversity of mayflies is high in the state, and more works aiming to investigate the aquatic insect composition of the Espirito Santo State should be encouraged.

Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) from northeastern Brazil

New records and notes on the distribution of the family Baetidae are presented. The following genera are reported for this region: Americabaetis , Apobaetis , Aturbina , Baetodes , Callibaetis , Camelobaetidius , Cloeodes , Cryptonympha , Guajirolus , Paracloeodes , Rivudiva , Spiritiops , Waltzoyphius and Zelusia . With the results of the present study, the Northeast Region of Brazil ceases to be one of Brazil’s five geographic regions with the least-known Baetidae fauna to become the region with the second highest number of known species in the family, increasing the number from 15 to 36 species.

Five new species of Camelobaetidius Demoulin, 1966 (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae), and redescription of Camelobaetidius mexicanus (Traver & Edmunds, 1968)

The genus Camelobaetidius Demoulin, 1966 has 38 species distributed throughout the Neotropical Region, being one of the most studied genera of the family Baetidae. Based on material from Brazil, the aim of the present paper is to describe five new species of Camelobaetidius with the terminal filament as long as cerci, and to redescribe the nymph of C. mexicanus (Traver & Edmunds, 1968) based on a paratype from Mexico.

Tortopus Needham & Murphy and Tortopsis Molineri (Ephemeroptera, Polymitarcyidae) new species and new records from Brazil and Ecuador

Tortopus Needham & Murphy, 1924 and Tortopsis Molineri, 2010 with six and 10 species, respectively, are sister genera distributed in the Neartic and Neotropical regions. In spite that most species are known from the tropics of South America, only one species of each of these groups have been recorded from Brazil. Here we present distributional data expanding greatly the range of these groups including three new country records for Brazil: Tortopus igaranus Needham & Murphy, 1924, Tortopsis limoncocha Molineri, 2010 and Tortopsis spatula Molineri, 2010. We describe a distinct new species, Tortopus ipixuna sp. nov., from male imagos, that present a unique subrectangular pedestal. Additionally we redescribe the male imago of Tortopus harrisi Traver, 1950 (previously known only from the holotype), and we give the first records for Tortopsis canum Goncalves, Da-Silva & Nessimian, 2011 from Espirito Santo and for Tortopsis spatula from Ecuador. Some variations in morphological structures of these species are also described, illustrated and discussed.

Apobaetis Day (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from northern Brazil: description of a new species and of the male imago of A. fiuzai Salles & Lugo-Ortiz

A new species of Apobaetis is described based on nymphs and male imago, and the male imago of A. fiuzai. Specimens were collected in the state of Amazonas, northern region of Brazil. Apobaetis hamadae sp. n. can be easily distinguished from the other congeners by the following combination of characteristics: male imago: (1) abdominal colour pattern; (2) area between forceps not excavated medially. Nymphs: (1) distal margin of labrum with shallow medial emargination and with four to five spatulated setae near midline; (2) maxillary palp 1.4× longer than galea-lacinia; (3) tarsal claws 1.2× times longer than tarsus. The male imago of A. fiuzai can be easily distinguished by the following characteristics: (1) abdominal colour pattern; (2) area between segments I of forceps with a deep V emargination.

New Baetidae (Insecta: Ephemeroptera) Records from Venezuela and Nymph Description of an Unnamed Fallceon Species

The Ephemeroptera fauna in Venezuela is poorly known, as is also the case in others areas in South America. Recently, two studies increased from 33 to 50 the number of species recorded in Venezuela. The objective of the present study is to report for the first time in Venezuela the following species: Baetodes levis; Camelobaetidius edmundsi; Fallceon sp.; Mayobaetis ellenae. The nymph of Fallceon sp. is described, but is not named because adults were not reared to allow species identification; however, description of this nymph indicates the presence of this genus in South America.

New distributional records and life stage description of Caenis species (Ephemeroptera: Caenidae) from Brazil

The genus Caenis Stephens, 1835 is well represented in South America with 24 recorded species (14 in Brazil). Based on additional material from Brazil, we describe for the first time the nymphal and egg stages of C. reissi, and re-describe the eggs of C. cuniana. New distributional records for these species and Caenis elidioi are given, and C. teipunensis (previously described from Venezuela) is reported for the first time from Brazil.

New records of Ephemeroptera (Insecta) from Tocantins state, northern Brazil

New records and notes on the distribution of the Ephemeroptera are presented. The genera Campylocia , Amanahyphes , Traverhyphes , Simothraulopsis , Tikuna, and Ulmeritoides are reported from Serra do Lajeado Environmental Protection Area, Tocantins state. With the results of the present study, the number of species known for Tocantins state has increased from two to seven.

First records of small squaregilled mayflies (Ephemeroptera, Caenidae) from the state of Roraima, Northern Brazil

New records and notes on the distribution of the family Caenidae from Roraima state, Brazil are provided. No previous records were known of this family from Roraima. Our study reports four species of Brasilocaenis and Caenis : Brasilocaenis irmleri Puthz, 1975, Caenis chamie Alba-Tercedor & Mosquera, 1999 , C. fittkaui Malzacher, 1986 and C. reissi Malzacher, 1986 . In addition, an unidentified species of Latineosus , based in a unique exuvia, was also found.

The male imago of Paramaka incognita Domínguez, Grillet, Nieto, Molineri and Guerrero, 2014 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae).

The genus Paramaka Savage & Domínguez, 1992 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) is restricted to South America, and it is comprised of four species. The male imago of P. incognita is described for the first time based on material from the state of Roraima in northern Brazil. The male adult differs from other described species of the genus by having the following combination of characteristics: Forewing with costal and subcostal areas basally washed with light yellowish brown; hind wing with base of wing washed with yellowish brown; abdominal terga II-V and VI-IX with lateral margins washed with reddish brown; abdominal sterna VI-VIII with lateral blackish stripes; styliger plate median portion with a pointed, posterior projection that is oriented in a posterior direction; and penes with ventral spines length subequal to length of penes, located on the distal third of the penes.