Rafael Tavares Jomar

Consumo nocivo de bebidas alcoólicas entre usuários de uma Unidade de Saúde da Família

OBJECTIVES: To identify harmful alcohol consumption among users of a Family Health Unit, analyzing its association with sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted with 1,115 subjects who responded to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and questions referring to sociodemographic variables. Data were submitted to tests of association, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. RESULTS: An elevated prevalence was observed of harmful alcohol consumption (31.0%), strongly associated with male gender, low education level and family income. CONCLUSION: We observed a high prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption strongly associated with male patients, with lower education and income up to two times the minimum wage.Objectives: To identify harmful alcohol consumption among users of a Family Health Unit, analyzing its association with sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with 1,115 subjects who responded to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test and questions referring to sociodemographic variables. Data were submitted to tests of association, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: An elevated prevalence was observed of harmful alcohol consumption (31.0%), strongly associated with male gender, low education level and family income. Conclusion: We observed a high prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption strongly associated with male patients, with lower education and income up to two times the minimum wage. Descriptors: Alcohol drinking; Cross-sectional studies; Primary health care; Public health nursing

Padroes de consumo de alcool e fatores associados entre adultos usuarios de servico de atencao basica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil

ABSTRACT This study sought to verify the patterns of alcohol consumption and associated factors among adult users of a primary health care service in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A household survey with a sample of 301 individuals who responded to a collection instrument containing the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and social, demographic and health variables was conducted. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between the pattern of problematic alcohol consumption and the independent variables. Patterns of problematic alcohol consumption were identified among males, black, unmarried, smokers, with no religious affiliation, and persons without chronic disease attended at the health unit. Health services should therefore be prepared to identify the early stages of problematic alcohol abuse in order to prevent social and health consequences in the population, especially those attended in primary health care, for which the promotion of health and prevention of disease are priority health concerns.

Caracterização do consumo de álcool de uma população adscrita à estratégia Saúde da Família

Objective: To characterize alcohol consumption among the population enrolled in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: The study was developed through a household survey with a random sample of 301 individuals who answered a form containing sociodemographic and alcohol consumption variables, besides the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Exploratory data analysis was performed in SPSS version 13.0, using singe frequency distribution. Results: The proportion of abstainers was high (50.5%); nevertheless,high levels of alcohol consumption have been identified among drinkers (75.2%). Conclusion: It is important for the FHS and Brazilian public policies to consider the development of actions to prevent alcohol abuse, through the dissemination of information on the adverse consequences for health and quality of life of individuals and populations this consumption pattern can entail.Objective: To characterize alcohol consumption among the population enrolled in the Family Health Strategy (FHS) in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: The study was developed through a household survey with a random sample of 301 individuals who answered a form containing sociodemographic and alcohol consumption variables, besides the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Exploratory data analysis was performed in SPSS version 13.0, using singe frequency distribution. Results: The proportion of abstainers was high (50.5%); nevertheless,high levels of alcohol consumption have been identified among drinkers (75.2%). Conclusion: It is important for the FHS and Brazilian public policies to consider the development of actions to prevent alcohol abuse, through the dissemination of information on the adverse consequences for health and quality of life of individuals and populations this consumption pattern can entail.

Consumo prejudicial de álcool entre usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família

O consumo de alcool tem sido apontado como responsavel por grande numero de acidentes de trânsito, violencia domestica, aumento da morbimortalidade por doencas cardiovasculares, cirrose hepatica e disturbios psiquiatricos. Seu consumo abusivo esta tambem relacionado a cerca de 2,5 milhoes de mortes anuais em todo o mundo, sendo considerado o primeiro fator de risco para a carga global de doencas em paises das Americas1. Mais da metade da populacao brasileira consome alcool, 25% dela ja experimentou pelo menos um tipo de problema relacionado ao seu consumo, 3% preenchem criterios para abuso e 9% para dependencia dessa substância2. Portanto, estudos que identifiquem caracteristicas sociais, demograficas e individuais associadas ao consumo prejudicial de alcool sao necessarios para o desenvolvimento de estrategias de reducao desse padrao de consumo no Brasil3. Apresentam-se aqui resultados preliminares de um inquerito domiciliar em andamento que objetiva identificar o consumo prejudicial de alcool entre residentes de areas adscritas a Estrategia Saude da Familia (ESF) da cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Para tanto, o Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), um dos instrumentos mais empregados no mundo para a identificacao de grupos de risco e rastreamento do uso prejudicial de alcool que apresenta boa qualidade psicometrica no contexto brasileiro4, foi aplicado em amostra intencional de 196 usuarios da ESF (144 mulheres e 52 homens), com idades entre 19 e 57 anos e idade media de 36,5 anos (+/-13,05). A maioria dos entrevistados era casada (63,8%), possuia ensino fundamental incompleto (30,1%) e renda familiar mensal entre 1-2 salarios-minimos (55,6%). No tocante ao consumo prejudicial de alcool, 19,4% dos entrevistados enquadraram-se nessa classificacao. Nesse padrao de consumo, houve maior proporcao estatisticamente significante (a um nivel de 0,05 pelo teste x2) entre individuos do sexo masculino (p < 0,001) e entre aqueles com renda familiar mensal superior a 3 salarios-minimos (p < 0,03). Apesar de o presente estudo apresentar frequencia maior, uma metanalise aponta que entre 6% e 15% das pessoas que demandam cuidados em servicos de atencao primaria a saude fazem consumo prejudicial ou sao dependentes de alcool, entretanto apenas um terco delas tem tal problema detectado pelos profissionais que as atendem5. Avaliar sistematicamente o consumo de alcool, portanto, e importante para prevenir consequencias sociais e de saude nas populacoes, especialmente naquelas atendidas pela ESF

Harmful consumption of alcoholic beverages among users of a Family Health Unit

OBJECTIVES: To identify harmful alcohol consumption among users of a Family Health Unit, analyzing its association with sociodemographic characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted with 1,115 subjects who responded to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test and questions referring to sociodemographic variables. Data were submitted to tests of association, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. RESULTS: An elevated prevalence was observed of harmful alcohol consumption (31.0%), strongly associated with male gender, low education level and family income. CONCLUSION: We observed a high prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption strongly associated with male patients, with lower education and income up to two times the minimum wage.Objectives: To identify harmful alcohol consumption among users of a Family Health Unit, analyzing its association with sociodemographic characteristics. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted with 1,115 subjects who responded to the Alcohol Use Disorders Identifi cation Test and questions referring to sociodemographic variables. Data were submitted to tests of association, using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: An elevated prevalence was observed of harmful alcohol consumption (31.0%), strongly associated with male gender, low education level and family income. Conclusion: We observed a high prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption strongly associated with male patients, with lower education and income up to two times the minimum wage. Descriptors: Alcohol drinking; Cross-sectional studies; Primary health care; Public health nursing

Screening of problems related to alcohol, tobacco and cannabis in primary care settings: a comparative study between Brazil and Portugal

Background The consumption of psychoactive substances is a global health problem. The objectives are to identify the sample sociodemographic profile and use pattern of alcohol, tobacco and cannabis throughout life and in the last three months. Also, to discuss the application of Brief Intervention procedures for problems related to psychoactive substances in patients assisted at the primary health care, in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro) and Portugal (Coimbra).

Screening and Brief Intervention for the use of alcohol and other drugs

OBJECTIVE to identify the lifetime use of alcohol and other drugs among users of the Family Health Strategy and apply Brief Intervention to problems related to the use of these substances. METHOD a descriptive cross-sectional study where 1,031 users of the Family Health Strategy of the city of Rio de Janeiro answered a form with socio-demographic information and the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test. Statistical analysis with simple frequency distribution was performed. RESULTS the most commonly used drugs in lifetime were alcohol and tobacco; among the illegal drugs, marijuana, hypnotics and cocaine/crack stood out. Those who received most Brief Intervention were users of tobacco, hypnotics, marijuana, cocaine/crack and alcohol. CONCLUSION it is important to detect early problems associated with the use of alcohol and other drugs in Primary Care, since it has the promotion/protection of health and the prevention of diseases as priority health practices.

Factors associated to the type of childbirth in public and private hospitals in Brazil

Objectives: to estimate the prevalence of cesarean sections and factors associated to the type of childbirth in Brazil. Methods: data on childbirths were collected in Brazil in 2014. Demographic characteristics, related to pregnancy and birth hospital regime (public or private) were evaluation. For each hypothesis raised, the variables were modeled by the binary logistic regression, which the outcome was considered in the type of childbirth. Results: the prevalence of the cesarean sections in Brazil in 2014 was 52.8%; that is 38.1% at public hospitals and 92.8% at private ones. The association between cesarean section and the legal regime at the hospital was highlighted in the logistic model which presented a positive association and interaction between age groups (OR = 23.26; 95% CI= 13.39 41.79 for women between 20 and 24 years old and OR = 51.04; 95% CI 31.06 84.23 for women aged 35 and over). Conclusions: the performance of childbirth in Brazil meets the routines and recommendations regarding womens health and humanized childbirth established by the Brazilian National Health System policies.

Nursing diagnoses in adult/elderly patients undergoing outpatient antineoplastic chemotherapy: a review

Objective To search in the scientific literature for nursing diagnoses identified in adult/elderly patients undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy in an outpatient setting. Methods Review of studies published in Portuguese, English, or Spanish which were searched in five electronic databases in March 2016, using the descriptors nursing process, nursing diagnosis, neoplasms, drug therapy and hospital outpatient clinic. Results In the four studies selected for review, 40 nursing diagnoses were identified, namely unbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, risk of deficient fluid volume, diarrhoea, fatigue, impaired home maintenance, deficient knowledge, disturbed body image, interrupted family processes, ineffective sexuality pattern, anxiety, powerlessness, fear, readiness for enhanced religiosity, risk of infection, impaired dentition, risk of impaired skin integrity, acute pain, and nausea. Conclusions The nursing diagnoses identified can support the selection of interventions and the creation of nursing guidelines in outpatient oncology services.

Teste do bafômetro: resultados e recusas de motoristas interceptados pela Operação Lei Seca no Rio de Janeiro

Abstract This paper involved a cross-sectional study that evaluated the results and refusals to take the breathalyzer test among drivers intercepted by the Driving Under the Influence (DUI) Spot-Check Campaign (Operacao Lei Seca) in the capital of Rio de Janeiro and Baixada Fluminense. It was conducted using data provided by the State Government which were collected from drivers intercepted in the months of December 2013 and January 2014. Descriptive analysis was conducted of the sample and of the association between gender, age and location variables with the result of the breathalyzer test and refusal to take the test using a logistic regression model. Of the 4756 (100%) drivers intercepted, 59 (1.2%) failed the breathalyzer test and 229 (4.8%) refused to take it. Only the location of interception variable was statistically significant with greater chances of failing (OR = 4.01) and refusal to take the test (OR = 5.14) among drivers intercepted in the Baixada Fluminense. Systematic monitoring actions taken by the DUI Spot-Check Campaign that have occurred for longer in the capital appear to have a positive impact on the drinking and driving behavior of drivers.Abstract This paper involved a cross-sectional study that evaluated the results and refusals to take the breathalyzer test among drivers intercepted by the Driving Under the Influence (DUI) Spot-Check Campaign (Operação Lei Seca) in the capital of Rio de Janeiro and Baixada Fluminense. It was conducted using data provided by the State Government which were collected from drivers intercepted in the months of December 2013 and January 2014. Descriptive analysis was conducted of the sample and of the association between gender, age and location variables with the result of the breathalyzer test and refusal to take the test using a logistic regression model. Of the 4756 (100%) drivers intercepted, 59 (1.2%) failed the breathalyzer test and 229 (4.8%) refused to take it. Only the location of interception variable was statistically significant with greater chances of failing (OR = 4.01) and refusal to take the test (OR = 5.14) among drivers intercepted in the Baixada Fluminense. Systematic monitoring actions taken by the DUI Spot-Check Campaign that have occurred for longer in the capital appear to have a positive impact on the drinking and driving behavior of drivers.