Rarastoeti Pratiwi

Levels of Blood Glucose and Insulin Expression of Beta-cells in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Treated with Ethanolic Extract of Artocarpus altilis Leaves and GABA

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Information about the Artocarpus altilis leaf as an antidiabetic associated with the active compounds Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) is still limited. This study was conducted to determine the effects of ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves decoction and GABA on blood glucose levels and insulin expression of beta-cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study was done by using completely randomized design and male Sprague Dewley rats. The rats were devided into normal control group and diabetic rats groups. Levels of bood glucose were measured using strip rapid test. The insulin expression in beta-cells was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Quantitative data were analyzed using ANOVA at 5% confidence level. RESULTS The result indicated that 50 mg k-1 b.wt., GABA, 400 and 800 mg k-1 b.wt., ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves decreased the level of blood glucose and increased the insulin expression in pancreas beta-cells. CONCLUSION The GABA and ethanolic extract of A. altilis leaves with a minimum dose of 400 mg k-1 b.wt., can be used as an antidiabetic. Pancreas is the target organ was affected by GABA and A. altilis leaves as antidiabetic agents. Results of this study may support the development of research on the potency of GABA in natural materials as antidiabetic particularly type 1 diabetes.

In Vitro Test and Molecular Docking of Alkaloid Compound in MarineSponge Cinachyrella anomala against T47D Cell Cycle

The compound 1,4,9-triazatricyclo[7,3,1,0]trideca-3,5(13),10-trien-8-ol (SA2014) was isolated from the marine sponge Cinachyrella anomala. In vitro assay for SA2014 compound was found to be able to induce cell-cycle arrest at the sub-G1 and G2/M phases of T47D cancerous cell. A combined dosage between of SA2014 compound and of doxorubicin was able to induce cell-cycle arrest at sub-G1 and G2/M phases. Molecular docking approach showed that SA2014 compound inhibited cdk2 enzyme. The strength of interaction between SA2014 and cdk2 (docking score = -65,43) was more stable than the interaction between doxorubicin and cdk2 (-36,59).

Chemopreventive Activities of ‘Woja Laka’ Black Rice Bran Fractions on Liver Carcinoma HepG2 Cells

Black rice bran has a number of health benefits and it contains a phytochemical that is associated with a decreased cancer risk. This research aimed to examine the ability of ethanolic extract fractions of ‘Woja Laka’ black rice bran to prevent the growth of liver carcinoma HepG2 cells. Ethanolic extracts of ‘Woja Laka’ and ‘IR 64’ (white rice) bran were fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography. The cytotoxic activities of the fractions were conducted on HepG2 cell lines by using the MTT assay. When the IC50 value of the fraction showed lower than 500 μg/ml, it was tested for anti-proliferation using the doubling time method. Apoptotic induction and cell cycle arrest were measured by a flow cytometry method. The selectivity cells respon was performed on Vero cells. Result of this study showed that six fractions (F) of F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 from the ‘Woja Laka’ and three fractions of F1, F2 and F3 from the ‘IR 64’ were examined for their preventive activities on HepG2 cells. The selected fractions F3 and F6 from ‘Woja Laka’ showed highly cytotoxic activity (184.35 ± 16.81 and 283.64 ± 58.13 μg/ml respectively) on HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the fractions of the white rice bran extract showed IC50 > 500 μg/ml. We found that the fractions F3 and F6 from ‘Woja Laka’ were able to inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and cause G0/G1-phase arrest in the HepG2 cells, while the Vero cells were less responsive to these fractions (IC50 > 470 μg/ml). These results suggest that the compounds found in fractions F3 and F6 of the ethanolic extract of ‘Woja Laka’ black rice bran inhibit the growth of liver carcinoma HepG2 cells.

Effect of different kinds of live feed on thyroid structure of marine fish larvae coral trout Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802)

Coral trout is a highly economical grouper species and a very prospective marine fish culture in Indonesia. Hormonal is an important physiological factor of marine fish larvae including thyroid hormone which plays an important role during the larval stage. On the other hand, the appropriate of zooplankton as live feed is the key success of larvae rearing in aquaculture. In order to support the aquaculture success, it is important to understand the thyroid structure, as a basic knowledge of thyroid studies. The effects of different kinds of live feed on thyroid structure of coral trout larvae was studied using three feeding schemes: copepods (A), copepods + rotifers (B) and rotifers (C). Histological observation of 15, 20, 25 and 30 days old larvae samples was done by Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. The observation included the number of thyroid follicles, also the length and width of thyroid follicles. The results indicated that larvae A had greater in number, bigger in size and more active thyroid follicles...