Rumiyati

Chemopreventive Activities of ‘Woja Laka’ Black Rice Bran Fractions on Liver Carcinoma HepG2 Cells

Black rice bran has a number of health benefits and it contains a phytochemical that is associated with a decreased cancer risk. This research aimed to examine the ability of ethanolic extract fractions of ‘Woja Laka’ black rice bran to prevent the growth of liver carcinoma HepG2 cells. Ethanolic extracts of ‘Woja Laka’ and ‘IR 64’ (white rice) bran were fractionated by preparative thin layer chromatography. The cytotoxic activities of the fractions were conducted on HepG2 cell lines by using the MTT assay. When the IC50 value of the fraction showed lower than 500 μg/ml, it was tested for anti-proliferation using the doubling time method. Apoptotic induction and cell cycle arrest were measured by a flow cytometry method. The selectivity cells respon was performed on Vero cells. Result of this study showed that six fractions (F) of F1, F2, F3, F4, F5 and F6 from the ‘Woja Laka’ and three fractions of F1, F2 and F3 from the ‘IR 64’ were examined for their preventive activities on HepG2 cells. The selected fractions F3 and F6 from ‘Woja Laka’ showed highly cytotoxic activity (184.35 ± 16.81 and 283.64 ± 58.13 μg/ml respectively) on HepG2 cells. Furthermore, the fractions of the white rice bran extract showed IC50 > 500 μg/ml. We found that the fractions F3 and F6 from ‘Woja Laka’ were able to inhibit cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and cause G0/G1-phase arrest in the HepG2 cells, while the Vero cells were less responsive to these fractions (IC50 > 470 μg/ml). These results suggest that the compounds found in fractions F3 and F6 of the ethanolic extract of ‘Woja Laka’ black rice bran inhibit the growth of liver carcinoma HepG2 cells.

ANTIHYPERTENSIVE TESTING OF COMBINATION OF Apium graveolans L., Orthosiphon stamineus Benth., AND Morinda citrifoliaL EXTRACT. ON NORMOTENSIVE AND HYPERTENSIVE SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

Seledri (Apium graviolens L.), kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.), and mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) have been used to treat hypertension diseases in Indonesia. Previous researches have been done to determine antihypertensive activity of extracts of the sample in single extract. However, there are limited studies on effect of the extracts on a combination of three samples. This research was therefore aimed to study the effect of the combination on lowering blood tension on normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Non Invasive Blood Pressure technique equipped with Non Invasive Blood Pressure System (CODA®) was used to measure effect of extracts on antihypertensive activity. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 2 groups (normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats using fenilefrin) and treated with combination extracts in doses of 20.25 and 40.5 mg/kg BW of rats. The result showed that the combined extracts can decrease in blood pressure of both two of the groups. Normotensive group of the rats treated at doses of 20,25 and 40,5 mg/kg BW of rats had lower persentase of systolic blood pressure as much as 7,1 ± 1,8 % and 10,2 ± 2,6 %, whilst percentage of diastolic blood pressure had lower percentage as much as 13,8 ± 3,2 % and 12,3 ± 3,1 %, respectively. Furthermore, spontaneously hypertensive rats treated at doses of 20,25 and 40,5 mg/kg BW of rats also showed lower systo lic blood pressure as much as 16,10 ± 0,90 % and 15,84 ± 1,55 % and diastolic blood pressure as much as 19,48 ± 1,03 % and 17,77 ± 1,34 %. These results suggest that administration of combination of three extracts exhibited antihypertensive in both of the rat groups.