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Featured researches published by Ray Clifford.


Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science | 1987

Language Teaching in the Federal Government: A Personal Perspective

Ray Clifford

Historically, communication between foreign language schools in the federal government and academic foreign language programs has been extremely limited. Typical government and academic programs are compared on the 11 significant program characteristics of instructional goals, student characteristics, class size, curriculum, instructional staff, assessment criteria, program length, skill modalities emphasized, instructional methodology, results attained, and supporting empirical research. This series of comparisons reveals a striking contrast in instructional objectives and procedures that has served to reduce cooperation between government and academic foreign language programs. It is argued, however, that these significant differences should be viewed as complimentary, rather than divisive. The combined assets of both foreign language teaching communities provide heretofore untapped resources for empirical research into national foreign language issues. Options are then described for cooperative research ventures to address these issues.


Archive | 1982

The Push Toward Communication.

Theodore V. Higgs; Ray Clifford


Foreign Language Annals | 2008

What Is "Good" Teaching?

Ray Clifford


The Modern Language Journal | 1977

Student Evaluation of Peer-Group Microteaching as Preparation for Student Teaching

Ray Clifford; Helen L. Jorstad; Dale L. Lange


Foreign Language Annals | 2013

Empirical validation of reading proficiency guidelines

Ray Clifford; Troy L. Cox


Foreign Language Annals | 2014

Empirical Validation of Listening Proficiency Guidelines

Troy L. Cox; Ray Clifford


Foreign Language Annals | 2016

A Rationale for Criterion‐Referenced Proficiency Testing

Ray Clifford


Foreign Language Annals | 2003

The OPI Has Everyone Talking

Ray Clifford


Foreign Language Annals | 2008

A Time to Set Our Course for the Future: Establishing a Research Agenda

Ray Clifford


Foreign Language Annals | 2008

Our Biggest Challenge

Ray Clifford

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Troy L. Cox

Brigham Young University

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Charles W. Stansfield

Center for Applied Linguistics

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