Remedios López-Liria

Análisis de las patologías con mayor prevalencia en las Unidades Móviles de Rehabilitación y Fisioterapia de la provincia de Almería

OBJECTIVES To describe the most prevalent disorders in 1753 patients referred to home rehabilitation and home physiotherapy units. METHOD We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study. The variables analyzed were age, gender, main diagnosis, functional capacity (Barthel Index), physiotherapeutic objectives, the treatment applied and the number of sessions. RESULTS The main diagnoses were immobilization effects (29%), hip fracture (16.5%), stroke (13.7%), knee replacement (11.9%), hip replacement (4.7%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (2.6%), and Alzheimers disease (2.4%). The lowest Barthel Index was obtained in Alzheimers disease, stroke and immobilization effects and the highest in patients with knee replacement. The process requiring the highest number of sessions for complete recovery was stroke. CONCLUSIONS Significant improvements were confirmed in pre- and post- Barthel Index scores for each of the above-mentioned diagnoses, demonstrating greater functional independence among patients.

La rehabilitación y fisioterapia domiciliaria en las prótesis de rodilla

This review analyzes the existing studies on home care rehabilitation and physiotherapy in patients with a knee prosthesis intervention, identifying and synthesising the results of the interventions measured in terms of muscular strength, function, extension of the joint, walking, patient’s quality of life and cost of the service, compared with other alternative treatments. Nine databases have been analysed: IME, ENFISPO, CUIDEN PLUS, PUBMED, EMBASE, CINAHL, PEDro, COCHRANE library Plus and TRIP DATA BASE where 18 studies met the criteria for inclusion with information on 4,996 patients. Home care rehabilitation varies from one place to another and between studies (forms of care, application, duration, variable measures); but the idea is supported that this is as effective and acceptable as that received in an outpatients’ department. It accelerates the attainment of functional achievements in the short and medium term, entailing very brief hospital stays and a reduction in costs.

Subjective Psychological Well-Being in Families with Blind Children: How Can We Improve It?

The aim of this work was to examine family well-being in a sample of Spanish families with blind children. Sixty-one participants reported their perceived economic status, the level of job satisfaction, and state-anxiety symptoms. The participants of our study scored higher on state-anxiety and lower on material well-being than the normative sample, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. They also scored higher on job satisfaction and family satisfaction than the general population. A negative correlation was found between state-anxiety and material well-being (r = - 0.62, p = 0.001) and between state-anxiety and family satisfaction (r = - 0.57, p = 0.001). A positive correlation was found between material well-being and job satisfaction (r = 0.40, p = 0.001), and between material well-being and family satisfaction (r = 0.41, p = 0.001). Higher levels of material well-being, job satisfaction, and family satisfaction were associated with lower levels of anxiety in these families. However, no statistically significant correlation was found between family satisfaction and job satisfaction. Our results suggest that the family experience of having a disabled child is evolving, and this implies achieving greater job and family satisfaction than the normative samples, although anxiety scores continue to be higher and material well-being scores remain lower. On the whole, our results confirm that it is necessary to provide these families with more economic resources, which would have a positive impact on their subjective psychological well-being, decreasing their state-anxiety, and increasing their satisfaction with life.

Factors Associated with the Anxiety, Subjective Psychological Well-Being and Self-Esteem of Parents of Blind Children

The objective was to examine the connection of the personal, social and family context, educational variables with the levels of anxiety, subjective psychological well-being and self-esteem in a sample of 61 parents of blind children. Results suggest that parents present less anxiety when they have only one child, possess a technical degree, receive remuneration for their work, their child’s visual impairment is not progressive, their knowledge about their child’s disability is appropriate, and their leisure and labour possibilities have not been affected. Their psychological well-being is higher when they are married in first nuptials and perceive that their health is good. Their well-being is negatively related to reduced leisure, and self-esteem is lower when labour possibilities have been affected. In order for these families to achieve a more pleasant life, with greater psychological well-being, lower anxiety and higher self-esteem, professionals should be aware of the aspects with a negative impact.

Consequences of Team Job Demands: Role Ambiguity Climate, Affective Engagement, and Extra-Role Performance

In the absence of clearly established procedures in the workplace, employees will experience a negative affective state. This situation influences their well-being and their intention to behave in ways that benefit the organization beyond their job demands. This impact is more relevant on teamwork where members share the perception of ambiguity through emotional contagion (role ambiguity climate). In the framework of the job demands-resources model, the present study analyzes how high levels of role ambiguity climate can have such an effect to reduce employee affective engagement. Over time it has been associated with negative results for the organization due to a lack of extra-role performance. The sample included 706 employees from a multinational company, who were divided into 11 work teams. In line with the formulated hypotheses, the results confirm the negative influence of the role ambiguity climate on extra-role performance, and the mediated effect of affective engagement in the relationship between the role ambiguity climate and extra-role performance. These findings indicate that the role ambiguity climate is related to the adequate or inadequate functioning of employees within a work context.

Comparison of Two Post-Stroke Rehabilitation Programs: A Follow-Up Study among Primary versus Specialized Health Care

Objective To compare home-based rehabilitation (RITH) and standard outpatient rehabilitation in a hospital setting, in terms of improving the functional recovery and quality of life of stroke patients. Study Design and Setting This was a prospective cohort study in Andalusia (Spain). Participants One hundred and forty-five patients completed the outcome data. Measures Daily activities were measured by the Barthel index, Canadian Neurological Scale (to assess mental state), Tinetti scale (balance and gait), and Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36 to compare the quality of life). Results No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the clinical characteristics of patients in the initial measurement, except for age and mental state (younger and with greater neurological impairment in the hospital group). After physical therapy, both groups showed statistically significant improvements from baseline in each of the measures. These improvements were better in RITH patients than in the hospital patients on all functionality scales with a smaller number of sessions. Conclusions Home rehabilitation is at least as effective as the outpatient rehabilitation programs in a hospital setting, in terms of recovery of functionality in post-stroke patients. Overall quality of life is severely impaired in both groups, as stroke is a very disabling disease that radically affects patients’ lives.