Renata Mancopes

Relato de caso: a importância da atuação multiprofissional na laringectomia supracricóide

This study is about theperfomance multiprofissional on laryngectomy supracricoid. The speech therapy in the hospital was carried out twice a day, after 14 sessions, pasty consistency was released. The patient returned to the disfagia outpatient of the hospital, once a week for two months and now returns once a month. Nutritional therapy nasoenteric probe (NEP) allowed the necessary caloric intake and hydration and, through the release of consistency by oral Audiologist, the nutritionist expanded the options of foods that the patient could eat, favoring the profit of weight and withdrawal of the alternative way of feeding.The multiprofessional intervention enabled the degree of oropharyngeal dysphagia mechanical evolve from severe to mild oropharyngeal dysphagia for liquids only, being the evolution of therapy being verified through the patients oral intake, which evolved from a FOIS 1 for FOIS 3 and is currently third in the FOIS 6. The realization of enteral nutrition therapy enabled the patient to regain his usual weight, on three months period, considering that with surgery, it lost 11 kg. It was noted that through the accompaniment multiprofessional, was possible evolve from an exclusive enteral nutrition to oral diet, which favored the evolution of nutritional status, with the recovery of body weight, addition to providing improved quality of life of this person.

Perfil de pacientes com paralisia cerebral em uso de gastrostomia e efeito nos cuidadores

PURPOSE: outlining the profile of patients with cerebral paralysis using gastrotomy and investigating the effects of such procedure on caretakers. METHOD: it is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative and quantitative nature. The research was carried out with patients of Hospital da Crianca Santo Antonio - Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa who had medical diagnosis of Cerebral Paralysis (CP) using gastrostomy. A questionnaire was applied on the caretakers containing quantitative and qualitative questions and data regarding the sample features. RESULTS: there was predominance of monthly income of up to two minimum wages and a family configuration featuring the father as the worker and the mother with no labor activity. Among the reasons for the recommendation for such procedure, deglutition difficulty was present among all the subjects followed by repeated pneumonias and low weight. We could observe a large number of patients who made use of a probe before the gastrostomy with permanence time above one month. The main benefits observed from the settlement of gastrostomy were: weight gain, reduction of respiratory problems and less hospital admittances. From the caretaker´s reports, one perceives the occurrence of feelings like fear of the unknown, resistance and acceptance, difficulties and benefits. CONCLUSION: observing evidences that food problems are frequently found as an indication for the settlement of gastrostomy in children with CP. Caretakers are afraid as for the impossibility of feeding the child via oral. However, after the surgery, most of them reported benefits like weight gain and reduction of hospital admittances.

Utilização de protocolos de qualidade de vida em disfagia: revisão de literatura

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar os protocolos existentes sobre qualidade de vida (QV) em disfagia e verificar a utilizacao dos mesmos no tratamento fonoaudiologico. Realizou-se pesquisa teorica e exploratoria com a tecnica de revisao da literatura nas bases de dados SCOPUS, Trip Database, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Google Schoolar, periodicos Capes e MedLine. O periodo de busca compreendeu os anos entre 2004 e 2014 e foram utilizados os seguintes descritores: degluticao; transtornos da degluticao; qualidade de vida; questionarios e os seus respectivos termos em ingles deglutition; deglutition disorders; quality of Life; questionnaires. Foram encontrados na literatura o protocolo Quality of life in Swallowing Disorders-SWAL-QOL, o qual estabelece o comprometimento da degluticao independente da etiologia; o MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory, que e especifico para sujeitos submetidos a tratamento de câncer de cabeca e pescoco e o Dysphagia Handicap Index,que avalia os efeitos da disfagia sobre a qualidade de vida (QV) em sujeitos com diferentes patologias de base e pode ser utilizado em niveis mais baixos de escolaridade. A literatura propoe diferentes protocolos que avaliam a QV em disfagia, sendo que os mais utilizados avaliam a QV de forma geral, relacionada ao câncer de cabeca e pescoco e de sujeitos com diferentes diagnosticos medicos. A utilizacao desses protocolos pode auxiliar e complementar a avaliacao clinica e objetiva da degluticao, uma vez que, retratam a autoavaliacao referida pelo sujeito, sendo este ponto de vista de extrema importância para o tratamento fonoaudiologico.

Relationship between Dysphagia and Exacerbations in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Literature Review

Introduction The literature presents studies correlating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to dysphagia and suggesting that the aspiration laryngeal phenomenon related to changes in the pharyngeal phase contributes significantly to the exacerbation of symptoms of lung disease. Objectives This study aimed to conduct a literature review to identify the relation between dysphagia and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Data Synthesis We found 21 studies and included 19 in this review. The few studies that related to the subject agreed that the presence of dysphagia, due to lack of coordination between swallowing and breathing, may be one of the triggering factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation. Conclusions The review noted that there is a relationship between dysphagia and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, identified by studies demonstrating that the difficulties associated with swallowing may lead to exacerbation of the disease. There was difficulty in comparing studies by their methodological differences. More research is needed to clarify the relationship between dysphagia and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, making it possible to develop multiprofessional treatment strategies for these patients, catered to specific needs due to the systemic manifestations of the disease.

Influência da levodopa sobre a fase oral da deglutição em pacientes com Doença de Parkinson

The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review in order to verify the possible influence of Levodopa on the oral phase of deglutition in individuals with Parkinson disease. The survey was conducted in journals indexed in Science Direct, Capes periodicals, LILACS, SciELO, MedLine and Scopus, as well as in books. For this survey, the terms disfagia/dysphagia/disfagia, medicamentos/drugs/las drogas, levodopa, Parkinson/Parkinson disease/ enfermedad de Parkinson and swallowing disorders were used. It was possible to identify 16 international and 25 national scientific articles. After reading every identified papers, 32 were selected in addiction to four books and one abstract published in scientific conference proceedings were used. For such selection, the inclusion criteria were the papers which considered the impairments caused by Parkinson´s disease, especially during the oral phase of swallowing, as well as the effects of levodopa about it. As exclusion criteria, the drug influence during pharyngeal phase was considered, because it usually seems to have higher effect during oral phase. There is disagreement in the literature surveyed considering Levodopa possible effects in deglutition. When these effects occur, they generally affect the oral phase of this function, since difficulties already present in Parkinson Disease carriers are maximized by the xerostomia due to the administration of this drug. Considering the vast range of results found in the studies surveyed, developing controlled studies for a detailed elucidation of Levodopa effects in deglutition becomes necessary.

Qualidade de vida em voz na doença pulmonar crônica

Purpose: analyzing the quality of life related to self-reported voice by individuals with Chronic Pulmonary Disease. Methods: cross, exploratory and quantitative study with information obtained from the application of Quality of Life and Voice questionnaire with users an integrated physiotherapy clinic in a university hospital in the interior of Rio Grande do Sul, in the period from March to November 2012. Results: 19 subjects participated in the study, 12 (63.20%) were males and 7 (36.80%) were females. On the age group, 14 (73.70%) were adults and five (26.30%) elderly, a statistically significant difference. As for the Chronic Pulmonary Disease, ten (52.60%) had bronchiectasis, six (31.60%) had Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and three (15.80%) asthma. The average of Quality of Life and Voice questionnaire was 85.8 ± 5.8 points. There was no statistical difference between the three areas of Quality of Life and Voice questionnaire and the genre, age and medical diagnosis. Conclusion: percentage predominance of males and adult-aged age group, the latter being statistically significant and medical diagnosis of bronchiectasis. The average of the total questionnaire was 85.8 ± 5.8 points. There was no statistical significance in the comparison in questionnaire areas with the genre, age and lung disease. This can be explained by the development of communication strategies in order to minimize the effects of the Chronic Pulmonary Disease on voice. We suggest the completion of other studies addressing the same theme, but with larger samples to check the statistical significance of the studied variables.

Cryostimulation improves recovery from oropharyngeal dysphagia after stroke

Summary Introduction: Stroke is considered one of the most frequent neurological causes of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Aim: To determine the effect of cryostimulation on oropharyngeal sensitivity and, subsequently, on the swallowing reaction and premature escape of food in patients with neurogenic dysphagia after stroke. Methods: Clinical and experimental study. The study enrolled 7 adult subjects, 6 men and 1 woman ranging from 28 to 64 years of age, with a diagnosis of stroke and current oropharyngeal dysphagia without any other underlying disease. The selected subjects underwent speech-language pathology evaluation and videofluoroscopic assessment of the dysphagia. The subjects were then treated with cryostimulation consisting of 10 applications to each structure (anterior faucial pillar, posterior oropharyngeal wall, soft palate, and back tongue) 3 times a day (for a total of 30 daily applications per structure) for 4 consecutive days. The patients were then re-evaluated based on the same criteria. The pre- and post-cryostimulation results of the clinical and videofluoroscopic evaluations were analyzed descriptively and statistically using Students t-test and Fishers exact test. Results: Cryostimulation had beneficial effects on oropharyngeal sensitivity in 6 of the 7 subjects. There was also a significant improvement in swallowing and in the premature escape in six subjects. Conclusion: Cryostimulation increased sensitivity and subsequently improved the swallowing reaction and premature escape of food in patients with neurogenic dysphagia after stroke. These effects were evident by both speech-language pathology and videofluoroscopic evaluation.

Doença de Parkinson em idosos: ingestão alimentar e estado nutricional

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o estado nutricional e ingestao alimentar dos idosos portadores da doenca de Parkinson. METODOS: Estudo transversal, realizado com pacientes portadores da doenca de Parkinson (DP), atendidos em ambulatorio. O estado nutricional foi avaliado utilizando a mini-avaliacao nutricional (MAN), registro de consumo alimentar estimado de tres dias e antropometria. Para avaliacao da adequacao de ingestao de nutrientes e energia, utilizou-se a ingestao dietetica de referencia, considerando valores da ingestao adequada, requerimento medio estimado e ingestao dietetica recomendada. RESULTADOS: Foram avaliados 36 individuos, com idade media de 70,9±7,3 anos, sendo que 55% dos pacientes apresentaram risco de desnutricao de acordo com a MAN. Todavia, quando classificados pelo indice de massa corporal (IMC), 33% dos pacientes apresentaram sobrepeso e 39% nao apresentaram perda nos ultimos tres meses. A ingestao energetica foi de 1.632 e 1.840kcal/dia; proteinas, 71,2 e 61,9g/dia; ferro, 15,8 e 15,6mg/dia; sodio, 1.798 e 1.843mg/dia, para homens e mulheres, respectivamente, e ficaram acima das recomendacoes. Verificou-se ingestao inferior a recomendacao para fibras (13,5 e 13,6g/dia), calcio (694 e 552mg/dia) e potassio (1.637 e 1.476mg/dia). A ingestao energetica apresentou correlacao com ferro e proteina (r=0,581 e r=0,582) e a proteina apresentou correlacao com a ingestao de ferro (r=0,600). CONCLUSAO: Embora a ingestao energetica da maioria se apresente adequada, observou-se o desequilibrio dietetico, com consumo insuficiente de fibras, calcio e potassio. Alem disso, metade da populacao encontrava-se em risco nutricional, segundo a MAN.

Deglutição orofaríngea, nutrição e qualidade de vida no indivíduo com doença pulmonar crônica

PURPOSE Describe efficacy and safety of deglutition, nutritional risk, and quality of life in deglutition, and associate nutritional risk with quality of life in individuals with chronic pulmonary disease. METHODS The participants were 17 individuals with chronic pulmonary disease evaluated using the following instruments: Volume-Viscosity Swallow Test (V-VST), Quality of Life in Swallowing Disorders (SWAL-QOL) questionnaire, Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and body mass index (BMI). RESULTS Changes in efficacy were observed in nine (52.94%) individuals and impairments in efficacy and safety were found in two (11.77%) individuals. All individuals were considered eutrophic by the nutritional assessment. Correlation was observed between nutritional risk and domains 3 (r=-0.803; p=0.05) and 5 (r=0.636; p=0.026) of the SWAL-QOL questionnaire. CONCLUSION Changes in efficacy and safety of deglutition were observed; however, no nutritional risk was evidenced in the sample evaluated. Correlation between nutritional risk and quality of life in deglutition was also observed.

Eletropalatografia e sua correlação à ultrassonografia do movimento de língua nas análises da fala

Purpose To analyze the use of electropalatography and ultrasonography regarding speech therapy through literature narrative review. Research strategies A literature review was conducted at PubMed and Scielo databases, using descriptors as electropalatography, electropalatography AND evaluation, electropalatography AND therapy, electropalatography AND ultrasonography, electropalatography AND speech. Selection criteria The research criteria selected in the database were: studies in the past five years and studies in humans. In the pre-selection, studies that were duplicate, not fully available, and have shown no direct relation with electropalatography in speech-language therapy were discarded. Data analysis Data analysis was performed descriptively, following subdivisions: title, area, year, subject, implementation, and conclusion of the study. Results Twenty one papers were selected, eight of them using the term electropalatography, two with the keywords electropalatography AND evaluation, six with the keywords electropalatography AND therapy, three of them with the keywords electropalatography AND ultrasonography, and two papers with the keywords electropalatography AND speech. Conclusion Different types of research involving the use of electropalatography in the field of speech-language therapy were found and analyzed. Few researches have concomitantly used electropalatography and ultrasonography.Purpose To analyze the use of electropalatography and ultrasonography regarding speech therapy through literature narrative review. Research strategies A literature review was conducted at PubMed and Scielo databases, using descriptors as electropalatography, electropalatography AND evaluation, electropalatography AND therapy, electropalatography AND ultrasonography, electropalatography AND speech. Selection criteria The research criteria selected in the database were: studies in the past five years and studies in humans. In the pre-selection, studies that were duplicate, not fully available, and have shown no direct relation with electropalatography in speech-language therapy were discarded. Data analysis Data analysis was performed descriptively, following subdivisions: title, area, year, subject, implementation, and conclusion of the study. Results Twenty one papers were selected, eight of them using the term electropalatography, two with the keywords electropalatography AND evaluation, six with the keywords electropalatography AND therapy, three of them with the keywords electropalatography AND ultrasonography, and two papers with the keywords electropalatography AND speech. Conclusion Different types of research involving the use of electropalatography in the field of speech-language therapy were found and analyzed. Few researches have concomitantly used electropalatography and ultrasonography.