Renato Fernando Amabile

Comportamento de espécies de adubos verdes em diferentes épocas de semeadura e espaçamentos na região dos Cerrados

RESUMO - Com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de leguminosas utilizadas como adubos verdes, instalaram-se tres ensaios, em tres epocas de semeadura e dois espacamentos na regiao dos Cerrados, durante o ano agricola de 1991/1992, na area experimental da Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Solo (CNPS), em Senador Canedo, GO. As especies avaliadas foram Crotalaria juncea L., mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima (Piper & Tracy) Merr.), guandu cv. Kaki (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) e Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don. O delineamento experimental utilizado, dentro de cada epoca, foi o de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, com tres repeticoes. Os resultados indicaram que C. juncea e C. cajan apresentaram as maiores producoes de fitomassa seca. O atraso da semeadura, em relacao ao inicio da estacao chuvosa, reduziu os rendimentos de fitomassas verde e seca produzidos pelas leguminosas, exceto pela mucuna-preta. Os espacamentos de 0,5 m e 0,4 m nao influenciaram o periodo para o florescimento e as producoes de fitomassas verde e seca. Termos para indexacao: Mucuna aterrima, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Cajanus cajan , adubacao verde. EVALUATION OF GREEN MANURES IN DIFFERENT SOWING DATES AND ROW-SPACINGS IN THE CERRADOS REGIONIn 1991/1992 growing season, three field experiments were carried out to evaluate the growth and development of sunn ( Crotalaria juncea), Crotalaria ochroleuca, black velvet bean ( Mucuna aterrima), pigeon pea cv. Kaki ( Cajanus cajan) as green manures at three sowing dates and two row spacings at Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos (CNPS), Senador Canedo, GO, Brazil. The experimental design used was a complete randomized block with split-plot and three replicates . Highest yields of dry matter were obtained with C. juncea and C. cajan. The delay in sowing dates to the beginning of the rainy season, reduced yield of fresh and dry matter of all legume species, except black velvet bean. Row-spacings of 0,5 and 0,4 cm did not influence the time for flowering and the yield of fresh and dry matter.

Análise de crescimento de girassol em Latossolo com diferentes níveis de saturação por bases no Cerrado

Growth analysis of sunflower in a Cerrado Oxisol with different levels of basis saturation Abstract - In order to study the growth cycle of five sunflower cultivars, four experiments were carried out under four levels of basis saturation (18%, 35%, 56% and 77%), obtained with the application of dolomitic limestone in an acidic Red Latosol, clay texture (Tipic Haplusthox). Weekly growth data were fitted using the Logistic, three parameters Weibull and four parameters Generalized Logistic (a special case of Richards function) functions. Among the models used, the Logistic function obtained was the best growth data fitting. The NLIN procedure of SAS statistical package was used for fitting the data through the interactive process of DUD method. Cultivars were grouped according to final size and growth rates by a cluster analysis using the complete linkage method and by the Euclidian distance. Sunflowers growth reduced in all cultivars at 18% basis saturation level. At 35% basis satu- ration level, the best results were achieved for cultivar M734. In other instances, the best growth results were obtained between 56% and 77%. For cultivars EMBRAPA 122 and M738, growth rates were reduced when basis saturation was increased to 77%. The cultivar EMBRAPA 122 presented initial higher growth rate and lower plant height at the end of vegetative cycle.

Absorção de N, P e K por espécies de adubos verdes cultivadas em diferentes épocas e densidades num latossolo vermelho-escuro argiloso sob cerrados

Planting spacings and sowing dates may influence nutrient absorption. Therefore, a field experiment was carried out from 1991 to 1992, at the experimental station of Embrapa/Soil Research National Center, located in Senador Canedo, Goias, Brazil, to determine the N, P and K uptake levels in the aerial part of sunhemp (Crotalaria juncea), Crotalaria ochroleuca, black velvet bean (Mucuna aterrima) and pigeonpea cv. Kaki (Cajanus cajan), under three sowing times (beginning, middle and end of the growing season) and two spacings between the planting rows. The experiment was arranged in a randomized split plot design, with three replications, with the sowing dates in the main plots and the planting spacings in the split plots. The results indicated that there the levels of N, P and K uptake varied among the species. N, P and K uptake levels in the legume shoot dry matter were influenced by the sowing times, and the species x sowing time interaction was significant for N and P. Nevertheless, N, P and K uptake levels were not influenced by the spacings between the planting rows.

BRS Savanna: new six-rowed malting barley cultivar for irrigated crops in the Brazilian savanna.

BRS Savanna, a cross between V. Morales x IF200113, is a spring andan early-maturing six-rowed barley, widely adapted to irrigated areas of the savanna, in Central Brazil. It presents production stability and the industrial quality, grain yield and lodging resistance are high. It is suitable for cultivation in the states of GO, MG and DF.

Evaluation of green manures in different sowing dates and row-spacings in the Cerrados region

RESUMO - Com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de leguminosas utilizadas como adubos verdes, instalaram-se tres ensaios, em tres epocas de semeadura e dois espacamentos na regiao dos Cerrados, durante o ano agricola de 1991/1992, na area experimental da Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Solo (CNPS), em Senador Canedo, GO. As especies avaliadas foram Crotalaria juncea L., mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima (Piper & Tracy) Merr.), guandu cv. Kaki (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) e Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don. O delineamento experimental utilizado, dentro de cada epoca, foi o de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, com tres repeticoes. Os resultados indicaram que C. juncea e C. cajan apresentaram as maiores producoes de fitomassa seca. O atraso da semeadura, em relacao ao inicio da estacao chuvosa, reduziu os rendimentos de fitomassas verde e seca produzidos pelas leguminosas, exceto pela mucuna-preta. Os espacamentos de 0,5 m e 0,4 m nao influenciaram o periodo para o florescimento e as producoes de fitomassas verde e seca. Termos para indexacao: Mucuna aterrima, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Cajanus cajan , adubacao verde. EVALUATION OF GREEN MANURES IN DIFFERENT SOWING DATES AND ROW-SPACINGS IN THE CERRADOS REGIONIn 1991/1992 growing season, three field experiments were carried out to evaluate the growth and development of sunn ( Crotalaria juncea), Crotalaria ochroleuca, black velvet bean ( Mucuna aterrima), pigeon pea cv. Kaki ( Cajanus cajan) as green manures at three sowing dates and two row spacings at Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos (CNPS), Senador Canedo, GO, Brazil. The experimental design used was a complete randomized block with split-plot and three replicates . Highest yields of dry matter were obtained with C. juncea and C. cajan. The delay in sowing dates to the beginning of the rainy season, reduced yield of fresh and dry matter of all legume species, except black velvet bean. Row-spacings of 0,5 and 0,4 cm did not influence the time for flowering and the yield of fresh and dry matter.

BRS Celeste: nova cultivar de soja para o sistema de produção de grãos no cerrado

Maintenance or improvement of technology to soybean cultivation is necessary to reach economical productivity in the Brazilian Savannah, where it has shown to be superior to that obtained in the South of Brazil. New cultivars are among the contributions of research to high crop performance and yield stability. The soybean cv. BRS Celeste is an alternative to suit growers demand. It belongs to the same maturity group of cv. BR/EMGOPA 314 (Garca Branca), although it has higher yielding and shows resistance to the main diseases, especially stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum f. sp. meridionalis).

Genetic diversity of irrigated barley based on molecular and quantitative data and on malting quality

The objective of this work was to determine the experimental precision in the evaluation of forage turnip fresh matter weight, in scenarios formed by combinations of plot sizes and number of treatments and replicates. Data from fresh matter weight of 3,456 basic experimental units of 0.5×0.5 m (0.25 m2) were used. The scenarios (1,728) were planned and formed by the combinations of six plot sizes (0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, 2.00, and 2.25 m2), i treatments (i = 5, 6,..., 20), and r replicates (r = 3, 4,..., 20). For each scenario, 2,000 resamplings were carried out, with replacement. The average of these 2,000 estimates, in each scenario, was calculated for the least significant difference by Tukeys test, the variation index, and the experimental coefficient of variation. These statistics, in that order, are adequate to evaluate the experimental precision. To evaluate turnip fresh matter weight, in experiments in a completely randomized design with 5 to 20 treatments and five replicates, plots with the size of six basic experimental units (1.50 m2) are sufficient to identify significant differences between treatments - less than or equal to 36.88% of the overall mean -, by Tukeys test at 5% probability, in experiments in a completely randomized design with 5 to 20 treatments and five replicates.

BRS Celeste - new soybean cultivar to the grain production system of the Brazilian savannah

Maintenance or improvement of technology to soybean cultivation is necessary to reach economical productivity in the Brazilian Savannah, where it has shown to be superior to that obtained in the South of Brazil. New cultivars are among the contributions of research to high crop performance and yield stability. The soybean cv. BRS Celeste is an alternative to suit growers demand. It belongs to the same maturity group of cv. BR/EMGOPA 314 (Garca Branca), although it has higher yielding and shows resistance to the main diseases, especially stem canker (Diaporthe phaseolorum f. sp. meridionalis).

Genetic variability in elite barley genotypes based on the agro-morphological characteristics evaluated under irrigated system

Recently, researches have shown that the Brazilian savannah has a great potential to supply the demand for barley grains. The purpose of this study was to assess the genetic variability in 39 elite barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes based on the agro-morphological traits of a crop irrigated in the savannah system. An irrigation experiment in the design of complete randomized block with four replicates was conducted at Federal District - Brazil. The evaluated traits were: distance from the last knot to the rachis, distance from the flag leaf to rachis, spike length, number of grains by ear, flag leaf area, plant height, silking, lodging, grain yield, thousand-seed weight, protein content and grain commercial classification. After using analysis of variance the means were used to estimate the genetic dissimilarity among all genotypes pairs based on the Mahalanobis’ generalized distance. Cluster analysis using genetic distance matrix was performed having Unweighted Pair Group Method using Arithmetic Means method (UPGMA) as the criteria. Highly significant differences were found among the genotypes for all traits evaluated. The high coefficient of genetic variation indicates the possibility of having genetic gains for all traits. The traits that most contributed to the variability were the flag leaf area and silking, while the protein content and lodging were the traits that contributed the least. Based on the cluster analysis, at least three major groups of similarity were found. There was a clustering trend of two and six-rowed materials. The most divergent genotypes were PFC 2005123, Antartica-1, Nandi and FM 404.

Responses of green manures to different sowing dates and spacings in the Cerrados region.

RESUMO - Com o objetivo de avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de leguminosas utilizadas como adubos verdes, instalaram-se tres ensaios, em tres epocas de semeadura e dois espacamentos na regiao dos Cerrados, durante o ano agricola de 1991/1992, na area experimental da Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa do Solo (CNPS), em Senador Canedo, GO. As especies avaliadas foram Crotalaria juncea L., mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrima (Piper & Tracy) Merr.), guandu cv. Kaki (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) e Crotalaria ochroleuca G. Don. O delineamento experimental utilizado, dentro de cada epoca, foi o de blocos ao acaso com parcelas subdivididas, com tres repeticoes. Os resultados indicaram que C. juncea e C. cajan apresentaram as maiores producoes de fitomassa seca. O atraso da semeadura, em relacao ao inicio da estacao chuvosa, reduziu os rendimentos de fitomassas verde e seca produzidos pelas leguminosas, exceto pela mucuna-preta. Os espacamentos de 0,5 m e 0,4 m nao influenciaram o periodo para o florescimento e as producoes de fitomassas verde e seca. Termos para indexacao: Mucuna aterrima, Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria ochroleuca, Cajanus cajan , adubacao verde. EVALUATION OF GREEN MANURES IN DIFFERENT SOWING DATES AND ROW-SPACINGS IN THE CERRADOS REGIONIn 1991/1992 growing season, three field experiments were carried out to evaluate the growth and development of sunn ( Crotalaria juncea), Crotalaria ochroleuca, black velvet bean ( Mucuna aterrima), pigeon pea cv. Kaki ( Cajanus cajan) as green manures at three sowing dates and two row spacings at Embrapa-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Solos (CNPS), Senador Canedo, GO, Brazil. The experimental design used was a complete randomized block with split-plot and three replicates . Highest yields of dry matter were obtained with C. juncea and C. cajan. The delay in sowing dates to the beginning of the rainy season, reduced yield of fresh and dry matter of all legume species, except black velvet bean. Row-spacings of 0,5 and 0,4 cm did not influence the time for flowering and the yield of fresh and dry matter.