Ricardo Almeida de Melo

A CONFIABILIDADE DO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO POR ÔNIBUS EM JOÃO PESSOA (PB)

Este trabalho objetiva mensurar a confiabilidade do sistema de transporte publico urbano por onibus de Joao Pessoa (PB), cidade media da regiao Nordeste do Brasil. Como metodo utilizou-se a analise estatistica e geoespacial. Obtem-se a confiabilidade do tempo de viagem e o indice de cumprimento das viagens programadas. Os dados operacionais foram obtidos na Superintendencia Executiva de Mobilidade Urbana de Joao Pessoa. Para tratamento estatistico dos dados e calculo dos indicadores utilizou-se o software Microsoft Office Excel 2013. Os mapas tematicos foram construidos por intermedio do uso do software QGIS 8.8.2 Wien. Os resultados mostram que a confiabilidade do sistema e maior na area urbana mais consolidada, e deixa a desejar nos bairros mais distantes do centro localizados ao sul do municipio. Conclui-se que os indicadores e os produtos cartograficos gerados neste trabalho mostraram-se eficientes, possibilitando a identificacao das linhas de onibus e areas da cidade que sofrem com problemas de confiabilidade do transporte publico. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: confiabilidade, transporte publico, Joao Pessoa. RELIABILITY OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT BY BUS IN JOAO PESSOA (PB) ABSTRACT This study aims to measure the reliability of the urban public transport system by bus of the Joao Pessoa (PB), medium town in the Northeast of Brazil. As a method used the statistical and geospatial analysis. Obtains the reliability of travel time and the fulfillment index of the scheduled trips. Operational data were obtained in the Superintendencia Executiva de Mobilidade Urbana de Joao Pessoa. For statistical processing of data and calculation of the indicators used the software Microsoft Office Excel 2013. The thematic maps were constructed through the use of software QGIS 8.8.2 Wien. The results carried out that system reliability is higher in the more consolidated urban area, and falls short in the most remote districts of the center located south of the city. In conclusion, indicators and map products generated in this work were efficient, enabling the identification of the bus lines and areas of the city suffering from public transport reliability problems. KEYWORDS: reliability, public transport, Joao Pessoa. FIABILIDAD DEL TRANSPORTE PUBLICO EN AUTOBUS EN JOAO PESSOA (PB) RESUMEN Este estudio tiene como objetivo medir la fiabilidad del sistema de transporte publico urbano por autobus en Joao Pessoa (PB), ciudad medio en el noreste de Brasil. Como metodo utiliza el analisis estadistico y geoespacial. Se obtiene la fiabilidad de tiempo de viaje y el indice de cumplimiento de las excursiones programadas. Los datos operativos se obtuvieron de la Superintendencia Executiva de Mobilidade Urbana de Joao Pessoa. Para el procesamiento estadistico de los datos y el calculo de los indicadores utilizado el software Microsoft Office Excel 2013. Los mapas tematicos se construyeron mediante el uso de software QGIS 8.8.2 Wien. Los resultados muestran que la fiabilidad del sistema es mayor en la zona urbana mas consolidada, y se queda corto en los barrios mas alejados del centro ubicado al sur de la ciudad. En conclusion, los indicadores y los productos cartograficos generados en este trabajo fueron eficientes, lo que permite la identificacion de las lineas de autobuses y zonas de la ciudad sufrimiento de problemas de fiabilidad de transporte publico. PALABRAS-CLAVES: fiabilidad, transporte publico, Joao Pessoa.

Mechanical Performance of Asphalt Mixtures with Natural Aggregates and Recycled Aggregates for Surface Course

The recycled aggregates of construction and demolition solid waste can be used on pavements to decrease environmental impacts in cities. Thus, this study aimed to compare the mechanical performance of asphaltic mixtures made with natural aggregates and concrete recycled aggregates for surface course of pavements. The materials were collected in an asphalt mixing plant and in a construction and demolition solid waste recycling plant located in João Pessoa/PB, Brazil. The Marshall asphalt mix design was chosen to determine optimum asphalt content and evaluate mechanical performance of asphaltic mixtures. The asphalt mixtures specimens were composed of natural aggregates, and afterwards of recycled aggregates with percent contents of 25, 50 and 100. The optimum asphalt contents were 5.7 and 7.5%, Marshall stability of 1,070 and 790 Kgf, flow of 6.2 and 5.7 mm for natural aggregate asphalt mixtures and asphalt mixtures with 25% recycled aggregates, respectively. Moreover, percent air voids and percent voids filled with asphalt met the Brazilian DNIT: ES 031/2006 specified standard. However, the asphalt mixtures with 50 and 100% recycled aggregates did not meet the specified standard. Therefore, it was concluded that the replacement of natural aggregates with 25% recycled concrete aggregates in asphalt mixtures can be technically viable to build asphalt surface course on pavements, besides lowering pavement costs and decreasing environmental impacts.

Performance of Natural Aggregates and Recycled Aggregates for Unbound Granular Pavement Layers

Recycled aggregates from solid waste can be used on pavements to minimize road construction costs and decrease environmental impacts related to the exploitation of natural resources and pollution. Thus, this study aimed to compare the mechanical performance of mixtures composed of natural aggregates, concrete recycled aggregates and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) flakes (in proportions from 0.5 to 4.0%) for application in granular pavement layers. Asphalt mixing, construction and demolition solid waste recycling, and PET recycling plants located in Joao Pessoa/PB, Brazil, provided the material used in this study. Tests such as particle size distribution, compaction with intermediate energy and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) were performed. The results of particle size distribution were useful to determine particle size proportions according to Brazilian DNIT specified standards and to prepare specimens for CBR tests. The compaction results indicated optimum water contents of 8.0 and 14.9%, and maximum dry densities of 2.01 and 1.83 g/cm3, for natural aggregates and recycled aggregates, respectively. Moreover, the optimum water contents increased between 16.4 and 17.7%, while the maximum dry densities decreased from 1.773 to 1.702 g/cm3 in mixtures of recycled aggregates and PET flakes, as PET proportions rose. Assessing mechanical resistance, the CBR value of natural aggregates resulted 45%, while that of recycled aggregates resulted 61%. On the other hand, the CBR results did not show a particular behavior tendency with the addition of recycled PET flakes. Therefore, it was possible to conclude that concrete recycled aggregates are technically viable for use in building granular pavement layers (sub-base and base) with low traffic flow, in spite of the variability of CBR results for mixtures of recycled aggregates and PET flakes.