Rigoberto Moreira de Matos

Beet Crop under Different Fertilization and Nitrogen Fertigation in Protected Environment

Chemical fertilizers have been increasingly used in agriculture. The application of these nutrients via irrigation water has been evaluated in order to obtain productive results in agricultural yield. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) doses, applied by fertigation and associated with different types of basal fertilization, on the growth and production of beet. The experiment was conducted at the Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), in a protected environment belonging to the Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering (UAEA). The adopted statistical design was completely randomized blocks, with three replicates, and the factors were arranged in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, corresponding to five N doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg dm-3 of soil), and three types basal fertilization (soil without fertilizer, earthworm humus, earthworm humus + NPK). At 45 days after transplanting, the number of leaves per plant, plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, green intensity, bulb diameter, stem length, bulb fresh weight, bulb dry weight and total soluble solids (°Brix) were quantified. Both Soil basal fertilization significantly influenced beet growth and production, and the treatment with earthworm humus and earthworm humus + NPK led to the best results for the analyzed variables. The highest N dose promoted the best performance for stem diameter and content of total soluble solids (°Brix).

Erosividade da chuva no período de 1973 a 2013 no município de Barbalha – CE (Rainfall erosivity in period from 1973 to 2013 in the Barbalha - CE municipality)

Objetivou-se determinar a taxa de erosividade da chuva (R) por EI30, visando o planejamento e tomada de decisao no setor agricola. Foram utilizados dados historicos de precipitacao periodo de 1973-2013, para o municipio de Barbalha - CE adquiridos da estacao meteorologica convencional pertencente ao Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia (INMET). O municipio de Barbalha – CE enquadra-se como de erosividade Forte com fator erosividade (R) de 7.849,0 MJ mm ha-1 h-1, necessitando de planejamento das atividades agricolas para que se obtenha maior rentabilidade dos cultivos. Os maiores indices de erosividade foram obtidos nos meses de Janeiro (6.877,6 MJ mm ha-1 h-1) e Abril (7.394,6 MJ mm ha-1 h-1) coincidindo com os meses mais chuvosos (593,8 e 533,8 mm, respectivamente). A correlacao do indice de erosividade EI30 com o coeficiente de chuva (Rc) foi alta, assim as equacoes obtidas podem ser utilizadas para estimar o fator R da equacao universal de perda de solo. A B S T R A C T The objective of this study was to determine the rain rate erosivity (R) for EI 30 , aiming at planning and decision making in agriculture. We used historical rainfall data 1973-2013, for the municipality of Barbalha - CE obtained from conventional weather station belonging to the National Institute of Meteorology (INMET). The county of Barbalha presents strong erosivity with erosivity factor (R) 7849.0 MJ mm ha -1 h -1 , requiring planning of agricultural activities in order to obtain higher profitability of crops. The highest rates of erosivity were obtained in January (6877.6 MJ mm ha -1 h -1 ) and April (7394.6 MJ mm ha -1 h -1 ) matching with the rainy months, 593.8 and 533.8 mm, respectively. The correlation between the erosivity index EI30 with the rainfall coefficient (Rc) was high, so the equations obtained can be used to estimate the R factor Universal equation of soil loss. Keywords: Erosion, EI 30 index, Factor R.

Growth and plant mass of radish fertirrigated with different doses nitrogen

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen doses applied via fertigation and associated with different types of crop establishment fertilization on growth and biomass of radish. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse of the Academic Unit of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, from April to May 2014. Treatments consisted of five doses of nitrogen fertilizer applied by fertigation (0, 0.7, 1.4, 2.1 and 2.8g per pot) and three types of crop establishment fertilization (humus 2:2; NPK and control), arranged in a 5 x 3 factor design with four repetitions. The 15 treatments were arranged in 60 plots. The nitrogen source used in the study was urea, divided in three applications: the first application was carried out eight days after transplanting, the second, on day 15, and the third, on day 22. The crop establishment fertilization significantly influenced the growth variables and plant mass of the radish on day 35 after transplanting. The highest values of the variables (number of leaves, plant height, bulb diameter, leaf area, fresh mass of the aerial part, dry mass of the aerial part and root/aerial part were observed in the treatment with humus on day 35 after transplanting. The dose of 2.8g nitrogen per pot corresponding to 6.22g of urea per plant provided the highest yield for the variable number of leafs, leaf area and root length on day 35 after transplanting.

Índices de áreas verdes públicas no perímetro central da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte – CE (Indices of public green areas the central perimeter of the city of North Juazeiro - CE)

A qualidade ambiental fornece diversos beneficios para as zonas urbanas dentre elas reducao da temperatura e protecao do solo contra a impermeabilizacao. Assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho quantificar o indice de areas verdes publicas da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte - CE, realizando o calculo do indice de areas verdes por habitantes. O procedimento utilizar o somatorio das areas em m² dividindo pela populacao da area estudada. Para isso foi utilizado imagens do Google Earth exportadas para o Civil 3D permitindo obter a area das pracas e do parque da cidade. Os indices de area verdes publica e total da cidade de Juazeiro do Norte – CE, foram considerados abaixo do recomendado pela ONU. O bairro Jose Geraldo da Cruz e o unico que apresenta indice de area verde acima do recomendado com 14,88 m2.hab-1. Onze dos bairros estudados nao possui area verde contribuindo para o aumento da temperatura urbana. O crescimento desordenado da zona urbana, associado ao descaso do poder publico nos bairros mais perifericos da cidade resultam em deficits permanentes e crescentes das areas verdes de forma proporcional ao espaco urbano. A B S T R A C T The environmental quality provides many benefits to urban areas among them reducing the temperature and protection against soil sealing. Thus, the aim of this work was to quantify the level of public green areas of the city of north Juazeiro - CE, performing the calculation of the index of green areas per in habitant. The procedure using the sum of the areas in square meters divided by the population of the study area. For this we used Google Earth images exported to Civil 3D so obtain the area of squares and the city park. The indices of the total public and the city of Juazeiro green area - CE were considered below the recommended UN. Jose Geraldo da Cruz neighborhood is the only one that introduces green area index above recommended with 14.88 m 2 .hab -1 . Eleven of the neighborhoods studied has no green area contributing to the increase in urban temperature. The uncontrolled growth of the urban area, associated with the neglect of public power in the more peripheral areas of the city result in permanent and growing deficits of green areas proportional to shape urban space. Key words: urban zone, environmental quality, urbanization, index Public green areas, temperature

Classificação Climática de Köppen e Thornthwaite para o Estado da Paraíba (Köppen’s and Thornthwaite Climate Classification for Paraíba State)

A informacao das condicoes climaticas e de grande valor para o planejamento agricola adequado. Entretanto, os sistemas de classificacoes climaticas sao pouco utilizados no âmbito de estudos agricolas, devido a grande abrangencia das escalas em que sao usados. Utilizou-se das series historica de precipitacao com dados minimos de 52 a 102 anos de observacoes em 223 postos pluviometricos espacializadas no Estado. O metodo do balanco hidrico climatico mensal utilizado foi o proposto por Thornthwaite & Mather (1955) e com os resultados obtidos realizaram-se as classificacoes climaticas segundo Thornthwaite (1948) e Thornthwaite & Mather (1955). Para espacializacao dos resultados utilizou-se o metodo de interpolacao de krigagem. As classificacoes propostas demonstraram-se serem muito sensiveis ao relevo das localidades aos indices pluviometricos e as temperaturas das regioes resultando em um numero abrangente de 4 tipos climaticos no modelo de Koppen e 6 tipos climaticos no modelo de Thornthwaite & Mather. O sistema de classificacao climatica utilizado permitiu separar eficientemente os climas resumindo as informacoes geradas com maior clareza e demonstrando, dessa forma, capacidade para determinacao de zonas agroclimaticas. A B S T R A C T Information on climatic conditions is of great value to the appropriate agricultural planning. However, the climatic classifications systems are rarely used in agricultural studies, given the wide comprehensiveness of scales that are used. We used the historical precipitation series with minimum data 52-102 years of observations in 223 pluviometric stations spatialized in the state. The method of the monthly water balance used was proposed by Thornthwaite & Mather (1955) and the results were realized climate classifications according Thornthwaite (1948) and Thornthwaite & Mather (1955). For spatial distribution of the results we used the Kriging interpolation method. The proposed classifications have shown themselves to be very sensitive to the slope of the locations to rainfall and temperatures of the regions resulting in a comprehensive number of four climate types in Koppen model and six climatic types in Thornthwaite & Mather model. The climate classification system used efficiently separates climates summarizing the information generated more clearly and demonstrating thus able to determine agroclimatical areas. Keywords: Water balance, Temperature variations, Climate indices, Kriging, Mapping.

Analysis and mapping of moisture indices, water and aridity through the BHC for the Paraíba state

Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física V. 08 N. 04 (2015) 1093-1108. Francisco, P. R. M.; Medeiros, R. M. de; Matos, R. M. de; Bandeira, M. M.; Santos, D. 1094 with poor moisture fluctuations to moderate; the contents of the water balance showed great spatial variability of aridity, water and humidity throughout the state, but in the regions of Cariri/Curimataú, Sertão and Alto Sertão the aridity indices are above the values established for desertification.