Rita de Cássia de Aquino

Identificação de fatores de risco de desnutrição em pacientes internados

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors associated with the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, performed in a general hospital located in Sao Paulo, in a convenience sample of 300 adult individuals, aged 18 to 64 years. A structured questionnaire was applied consisting of anthropometric, clinical and dietary data, and the patients were evaluated and dichotomized into malnourished and non-malnourished. A multiple logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with malnutrition. The variables were organized according to the values of odds ratio (OR), confidence interval (95% CI), regression coefficient (β) and descriptive level of significance (p). RESULTS: The malnutrition occurred in 60.7% and the variables associated with malnutrition were: recent and involuntary weight loss, apparent bony structure, decreased appetite, diarrhea, inadequate energy intake and male sex. CONCLUSION: The factors associated with malnutrition can be identified at hospital admission and lead to a nutritional evaluation that will allow adequate intervention and nutritional therapy.

Identification of malnutrition risk factors in hospitalized patients

OBJECTIVE To identify factors associated with the risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients. METHODS Cross-sectional study, performed in a general hospital located in São Paulo, in a convenience sample of 300 adult individuals, aged 18 to 64 years. A structured questionnaire was applied consisting of anthropometric, clinical and dietary data, and the patients were evaluated and dichotomized into malnourished and non-malnourished. A multiple logistic regression was performed to identify the factors associated with malnutrition. The variables were organized according to the values of odds ratio (OR), confidence interval (95% CI), regression coefficient (β) and descriptive level of significance (p). RESULTS The malnutrition occurred in 60.7% and the variables associated with malnutrition were: recent and involuntary weight loss, apparent bony structure, decreased appetite, diarrhea, inadequate energy intake and male sex. CONCLUSION The factors associated with malnutrition can be identified at hospital admission and lead to a nutritional evaluation that will allow adequate intervention and nutritional therapy.

Envelhecimento e qualidade de vida: análise da produção científica da SciELO

Scientific production is a continuous process of discovery and democratization of knowledge for the scientific community and society. Metascientific studies have become an important evaluation tool. A total of 69 articles on aging and quality of life were analyzed, considering: title, authorship, authors gender, knowledge area, and journal. Some statistically significant differences in the results were: titles up to 12 words; multiple authors and female authors. There was a concentration of publishing in the areas of Psychology and Medicine. The Journal of Public Health was predominant in the area of Health Sciences in relation to the Humanities. Titles and multiple authors were adequate, however, female production was higher. Psychology, Medicine and the Journal of Public Health were the areas of knowledge and the journal that published more on the subject. It was concluded that systematic evaluation of the production, from author to the study design, can help to establish a research policy in the area. Uniterms: Scientific research; Quality of life; Old age.

Índice de desenvolvimento humano e qualidade de vida de idosos frequentadores de universidades abertas para a terceira idade

Objetivo: Verificar a relacao entre IDH e qualidade de vida de idosos. Metodo: Estudo transversal, quantitativo-descritivo de campo, com 182 idosos, de ambos os generos, ≥ 60 anos, frequentadores de Universidades Abertas para a Terceira Idade, dos municipios de Sao Caetano do Sul, Sao Paulo e Mogi das Cruzes. A qualidade de vida foi avaliada pelo WHOQOL - BREF. Foram utilizados os testes estatisticos Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney, adotando-se nivel de significância de 5%. Resultados: Nao houve diferenca estatisticamente significante quando comparada a qualidade de vida dos idosos dos tres municipios entre si; houve no dominio ambiental comparando-se Sao Caetano com os outros municipios; e nos dominios social e ambiental comparando-se Sao Caetano com Mogi. Conclusao: Concluiu-se que a influencia do IDH sobre os dominios social e ambiental nao foi percebida pelos idosos, o que pode representar uma barreira para a busca de uma melhor qualidade de vida em seus municipios.We investigated the relationship between “human development” and quality of life of elderly in a cross-sectional, quantitative-descriptive study, with 182 elderly of both genders, ≥ 60 years, attending the Universities of the Third Age, in districts A, B, C. The quality of life was evaluated by WHOQOL–BREF. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney statistical tests were applied, considering a significance level of 5%. There was no statistically significant difference when comparing the quality of life of the three districts together; there was in environmental domain when comparing A with the other districts; and in social and environmental domains when comparing A with C. It was concluded that the “human development”, measured by HDI, influenced on the quality of life of elderly in social and environmental domains, and the best results were obtained among the inhabitants of A and B, compared to the inhabitants of C.

Factors associated with diet quality of older adults

Estudo transversal em uma amostra de 295 idosos usuarios das unidades de saude do municipio de Sao Caetano do Sul. A qualidade alimentar foi avaliada pelo Indice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado. As associacoes entre as medias do Indice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado e variaveis sociodemograficas, economicas, antropometricas, estilo de vida e condicoes de saude foram verificadas por meio de regressao linear multipla.

Balanço de macronutrientes na dieta de idosos brasileiros: análises da Pesquisa Nacional de Alimentação 2008-2009

Objective: This study aimed at evaluating the balance in the intake of protein, carbohydrate, and fat among the Brazilian elderly population. Methods: The data analyzed were taken from the National Dietary Survey 2008-2009, from a total of 4,286 Brazilian elders (60-104 years old). Based on the dietary intake obtained from two food records, the Multiple Source Method (MSM) was used to evaluate the macronutrients and saturated fat. The AMDR (Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range), by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), was used to evaluate the macronutrient energy percentage (%E). Linear regression models identified differences between macronutrients %E and household location (urban or rural), Brazilian macro-regions and gender. Results: Protein intake showed higher agreement with the AMDR reference value (99.86%). It was observed that in 9.2% of the population, fat intake was higher than the reference value, almost twice as high as the carbohydrate-energy percentage (4.9%) and nine times higher than protein (1.0%). Among those with low carbohydrate-energy percentage, 14.5% had higher fat-energy percentage (β = 8.19; p < 0.001), which means that 50% of the elderly whose carbohydrate intake was above the recommendation presented an overconsumption of fat. According to the macro-regions, the Midwest region was the only one to show differences for carbohydrate-energy percentage, which was lower than the others regions (51.6%; p < 0.05). The South region presented the lowest protein-energy percentage (17.9%; p < 0.01) and the highest fat-energy percentage (28.7%; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Higher prevalence of inadequate fat intake among the Brazilian elderly may indicate an important public health problem that is associated with an increased risk of chronic diseases.RESUMO: Objetivo: Analisar a contribuicao de proteina, lipidio e carboidrato no total de energia da dieta de idosos das diferentes regioes brasileiras. Metodos: Foram analisados dados de 4.286 idosos (60 a 104 anos) provenientes da Pesquisa de Orcamentos Familiares 2008/2009. Baseado no consumo obtido por dois registros alimentares, o programa Multiple Source Method estimou o consumo habitual de macronutrientes e gordura saturada. As recomendacoes do Institute of Medicine (IOM), segundo os Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges (AMDR), foram utilizadas para avaliar a participacao relativa dos macronutrientes de acordo com percentual energetico (PE). Modelos de regressao linear identificaram diferencas entre PE dos macronutrientes, situacao do domicilio, macrorregioes e genero. Resultados: A proteina foi o macronutriente que apresentou maior concordância com o AMDR (99,8%). Com relacao ao PE lipidico, observou-se que 9,2% da populacao ficaram acima da recomendacao, sendo o dobro do encontrado para carboidrato (4,9%) e nove vezes o percentual de idosos, cujo PE-proteico (1,0%) foi acima do recomendado. Em 14,5% dos idosos a ingestao de carboidratos foi abaixo da AMDR, sendo que essas dietas apresentaram maior PE lipidico (β = 8,19; p < 0,001), revelando que 50% dos idosos que consumiam carboidratos abaixo do PE recomendado apresentou um consumo excessivo de lipidio. Segundo macrorregioes, o Centro-Oeste foi o unico a apresentar diferenca para carboidrato, sendo esta de menor percentual (51,6%; p < 0,05). A regiao Sul (17,9%; p < 0,01) apresentou o menor PE proteico e o maior de lipidios (28,7%; p < 0,01). Conclusoes: A elevada frequencia de inadequacao da ingestao de lipidio pode significar uma pior qualidade da dieta, contribuindo com o aumento no risco de desenvolvimento de doencas cronicas.

Desenvolvimento e avaliação de instrumentos de triagem nutricional

Esse estudo tem por objetivo descrever o desenvolvimento e a avaliacao de instrumentos de triagem nutricional para identificacao de risco de desnutricao em pacientes hospitalizados. A partir da identificacao de variaveis preditivas, o paciente deve ser encaminhado a equipe multidisciplinar de terapia nutricional para intervencao. Foram estudados 300 pacientes de um hospital de Sao Paulo-SP, aplicada uma avaliacao nutricional com levantamento de variaveis de risco e conduzida uma regressao logistica multipla para a selecao dos fatores preditivos. As variaveis associadas a desnutricao foram: perda de peso involuntaria, ossatura aparente, reducao de apetite, diarreia, ingestao energetica inadequada e genero masculino. Um instrumento de triagem nutricional foi desenvolvido e apresentou adequada concordância com instrumentos validados.This study aims to describe the development and evaluation of nutritional screening tools to identify risk of malnutrition in hospitalized patients. From the identification of predictive variables, the patient should be referred to the multidisciplinary team of nutrition therapy for intervention. Were studied 300 patients from a hospital in Sao Paulo, applied with a nutritional assessment survey of risk variables and conducted a multiple logistic regression for the selection of predictors. The variables associated with malnutrition were: unintentional weight loss, apparent bones, decreased appetite, diarrhea, inadequate energy intake and male sex. A nutritional screening tool was developed and showed good agreement with validated instruments.

Evaluation of food intake in patients with mucopolysaccharidosis

BackgroundMucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) are inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) recognized by deficient enzymes enrolled in glycosaminoglycans catabolism. The resulting accumulation of glycosaminoglycans leads to clinical progressive and generalized manifestations. Considering the severity of MPS and the relevance of establishing dietetic strategies to these patients, the present study was tailored to evaluate the food intake in patients with MPS types I, II, and VI.MethodsFood intake in patients with MPS I, II, and VI was assessed. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Energetic demand based on estimated necessity of energy equations and reported food intake was analyzed. Total energetic value and nutrients (vitamins B1, B2, C, calcium, iron, and phosphate) were analyzed in accordance with the standardized interval for macronutrient distribution and the method of apparent adequacy for nutrient intake.ResultsFood intake of 17 patients (6- to 30-year-olds) was considered adequate regarding macronutrients. Children and adolescents failed in presenting this parameter. Macronutrients were satisfactory in both groups. Children and adolescents displayed increased intake of iron and vitamins B1 (p < 0.05), B2, B3, and C (p < 0.077) and probability of adequacy ≥ 50%. Calcium and phosphorus intake was greater in adults.ConclusionsThe results obtained demonstrated that patients with MPS have nutrition deficiency in their diet, which may directly or indirectly influence the course of the disease.

Dietary patterns and associated factors among the elderly

The aim of the present study was to identify dietary patterns among the elderly, and associate the same with sociodemographic characteristics, health and lifestyle. A crosssectional study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample of 295 elderly residents of both genders of the city of São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil, who were users of public health units. Dietary patterns were identified considering 44 food items identified through 24-hour dietary recall. Factor analysis by the principal components method was used, adopting loads greater than 0.25 as the cut-off point, followed by Varimax Palavras-chave: Envelhecimento. Consumo alimentar. Análise fatorial. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1981-22562017020.160115

Vitamin B12 and methods used in food consumption assessment in the elderly: integrative review

1 Nutricionista. Mestre em Ciências do Envelhecimento. Sócia-colaboradora do projeto INFO4-U. São Paulo, SP, Brasil. 2 Nutricionista. Mestranda em Ciências do Envelhecimento pela Universidade São Judas Tadeu USJT. São Paulo, SP, Brasil. 3 Psicóloga. Doutora em Psicologia da Aprendizagem e Desenvolvimento Humano. Coordenadora do Mestrado em Ciências do Envelhecimento da Universidade São Judas Tadeu USJT. São Paulo, SP, Brasil. 4 Nutricionista. Doutora em Saúde Pública. Professora Adjunta da Universidade São Judas Tadeu-USJT. São Paulo, SP, Brasil.