Ritvik Amarchand
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
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Publication
Featured researches published by Ritvik Amarchand.
Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology | 2011
Govind K. Makharia; Anil K Verma; Ritvik Amarchand; Shinjini Bhatnagar; Prasenjit Das; Anil Goswami; Vidyut Bhatia; Vineet Ahuja; Siddhartha Datta Gupta; Anand K
Background and Aim: While celiac disease is estimated to affect about 1% of the worlds population, it is thought to be uncommon not only in India but in Asia also. There is a lack of studies on the prevalence of celiac disease from Asian nations. The aim of the present study was to estimate the prevalence of celiac disease in the community.
Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility | 2011
Govind K. Makharia; Anil K Verma; Ritvik Amarchand; Anil Goswami; Prashant Singh; Abhishek Agnihotri; Faizul Suhail; Anand Krishnan
BACKGROUND/AIMS The prevalence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) varies from 4% to 20% in different Asian nations. Prevalence of IBS in native North Indian community is not known. METHODS Between November 2008 to December 2009, we estimated the prevalence of IBS in a rural community of Ballabgarh block, located in Haryana state. A structured questionnaire based on Rome III module was used to collect symptoms related to IBS from all the participants in a door to door survey. A Rome III criterion was used for diagnosis of IBS. IBS was further classified based on predominance of symptoms as constipation predominant, diarrhea predominant, mixed and unspecified based on Rome III module. RESULTS There were 4,767 participants (mean age 34.6 ± 10.8, males 50%). Overall, 555 (11.6%; 95% CI, 10.7-12.5) had constipation, 542 (11.4%; 95% CI, 10.5-12.3) diarrhea and 823 (17.3%; 95% CI, 16.2-18.4) abdominal pain. The overall prevalence of IBS was 4% (95% CI, 3.5-4.6). The prevalence of constipation predominant IBS was 0.3% (95% CI, 0.16-0.49), diarrhea predominant IBS 1.5% (95% CI, 1.18-1.90), mixed IBS 1.7% (95% CI, 1.35-2.11) and unsubtyped IBS 0.5% (95% CI, 0.32-0.75). The prevalence of IBS was significantly higher in females compared with males (4.8% vs 3.2%, P = 0.008). However, there was no significant difference between males and females in the prevalence of different subtypes of IBS. The prevalence increased with age. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of IBS in a North Indian community is 4%. IBS poses a significant burden on the rural adults.
Circulation | 2015
Maoyi Tian; Vamadevan S. Ajay; Danzeng Dunzhu; Safraj Shahul Hameed; Xian Li; Zhong Liu; Cong Li; Hao Chen; KaWing Cho; Ruilai Li; Xingshan Zhao; Devraj Jindal; Ishita Rawal; Mohammed K. Ali; Eric D. Peterson; Jiachao Ji; Ritvik Amarchand; Anand Krishnan; Nikhil Tandon; Li-Qun Xu; Yangfeng Wu; Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Lijing L. Yan
Background— In rural areas in China and India, the cardiovascular disease burden is high but economic and healthcare resources are limited. This study (the Simplified Cardiovascular Management Study [SimCard]) aims to develop and evaluate a simplified cardiovascular management program delivered by community health workers with the aid of a smartphone-based electronic decision support system. Methods and Results— The SimCard study was a yearlong cluster-randomized, controlled trial conducted in 47 villages (27 in China and 20 in India). Recruited for the study were 2086 individuals with high cardiovascular risk (aged ≥40 years with self-reported history of coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and/or measured systolic blood pressure ≥160 mm Hg). Participants in the intervention villages were managed by community health workers through an Android-powered app on a monthly basis focusing on 2 medication use and 2 lifestyle modifications. In comparison with the control group, the intervention group had a 25.5% (P<0.001) higher net increase in the primary outcome of the proportion of patient-reported antihypertensive medication use pre- and post-intervention. There were also significant differences in certain secondary outcomes: aspirin use (net difference: 17.1%; P<0.001) and systolic blood pressure (–2.7 mm Hg; P=0.04). However, no significant changes were observed in the lifestyle factors. The intervention was culturally tailored, and country-specific results revealed important differences between the regions. Conclusions— The results indicate that the simplified cardiovascular management program improved quality of primary care and clinical outcomes in resource-poor settings in China and India. Larger trials in more places are needed to ascertain the potential impacts on mortality and morbidity outcomes. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01503814.
The American Journal of Gastroenterology | 2016
Banumathi Ramakrishna; Govind K. Makharia; Kamal Chetri; Sangitanjan Dutta; Prashant Mathur; Vineet Ahuja; Ritvik Amarchand; Ramadass Balamurugan; Sudipta Dhar Chowdhury; Dolly Daniel; Anup Das; Gemlyn George; Siddhartha Datta Gupta; Anand Krishnan; Jasmin H Prasad; Gurvinder Kaur; Srinivasan Pugazhendhi; Anna B. Pulimood; Kartik Ramakrishna; Anil Verma
Objectives:Although celiac disease (CeD) affects 1% of people in the northern part of India, it is believed to be uncommon in the southern and northeastern parts because of significant differences in dietary pattern and ethnicity. We estimated the prevalence of CeD in these three populations. In a subset, we also investigated differences in the prevalence of HLA-DQ 2/8 allelotype and dietary grain consumption.Methods:A total of 23,331 healthy adults were sampled from three regions of India—northern (n=6207), northeastern (n=8149), and southern (n=8973)—and screened for CeD using IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody. Positive tests were reconfirmed using a second ELISA. CeD was diagnosed if the second test was positive and these participants were further investigated. A subsample of participants was tested for HLA-DQ2/-DQ8 and underwent detailed dietary evaluation.Results:Age-adjusted prevalence of celiac autoantibodies was 1.23% in northern, 0.87% in northeastern, and 0.10% in southern India (P<0.0001). Prevalence of CeD and latent CeD, respectively, was 8.53/1,000 and 3.70/1,000 in northern, 4.66/1,000 and 3.92/1,000 in northeastern, and 0.11/1,000 and 1.22/1,000 in the southern part. The population prevalence of genes determining HLA-DQ2 and/or -DQ8 expression was 38.1% in northern, 31.4% in northeastern, and 36.4% in southern India. Mean daily wheat intake was highest in northern (455 g) compared with northeastern (37 g) or southern part (25 g), whereas daily rice intake showed an inverse pattern.Conclusions:CeD and latent CeD were most prevalent in northern India and were the least in southern India. The prevalence correlated with wheat intake and did not reflect differences in the genetic background.
BMC Public Health | 2015
Samuel K. Peasah; Debjani Ram Purakayastha; Parvaiz A Koul; Fatima S Dawood; Siddhartha Saha; Ritvik Amarchand; Shobha Broor; Vaibhab Rastogi; Romana Assad; Kaisar Ahmed Kaul; Marc-Alain Widdowson; Renu B. Lal; Anand Krishnan
BackgroundDespite the high mortality and morbidity resulting from acute respiratory infections (ARI) globally, there are few data from low-income countries on costs of ARI to inform public health policy decisions We conducted a prospective survey to assess costs of ARI episodes in selected primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare facilities in north India where no respiratory pathogen vaccine is routinely recommended.MethodsFace-to-face interviews were conducted among a purposive sample of patients with ARI from healthcare facilities. Data were collected on out-of-pocket costs of hospitalization, medical consultations, medications, diagnostics, transportation, lodging, and missed work days. Telephone surveys were conducted two weeks after medical encounters to ask about subsequent missed work and costs incurred. Costs of prescriptions and diagnostics in public facilities were supplemented with WHO-CHOICE estimates of hospital bed costs. Missed work days were assigned cost based on the national annual per capita income (US
International Journal for Equity in Health | 2014
Anand Krishnan; Ritvik Amarchand; Peter Byass; Chandrakant S Pandav; Nawi Ng
1,104). Non-medically attended ARI cases were identified from an ongoing community-based ARI surveillance project in Faridabad.ResultsDuring September 2012-March 2013, 1766 patients with ARI were enrolled, including 451 hospitalized patients, 1056 outpatients, and 259 non-medically attended patients. The total direct cost of an ARI episode requiring outpatient care was US
BMC Infectious Diseases | 2015
Anand Krishnan; Ritvik Amarchand; Vivek Gupta; Kathryn E. Lafond; Rizwan A. Suliankatchi; Siddhartha Saha; Sanjay K. Rai; Puneet Misra; Debjani Ram Purakayastha; Abhishek Wahi; Vishnubhatla Sreenivas; Arti Kapil; Fatimah S. Dawood; Chandrakant S Pandav; Shobha Broor; S. K. Kapoor; Renu B. Lal; Marc-Alain Widdowson
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BMJ Open | 2017
Ambuj Roy; Pradeep A. Praveen; Ritvik Amarchand; Lakshmy Ramakrishnan; Ruby Gupta; Dimple Kondal; Kalpana Singh; Meenakshi Sharma; Deepak Kumar Shukla; Nikhil Tandon; Kolli Srinath Reddy; Anand Krishnan; Dorairaj Prabhakaran
6 for public and
Global heart | 2017
Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Ambuj Roy; Pradeep A. Praveen; Lakshmy Ramakrishnan; Ruby Gupta; Ritvik Amarchand; Dimple Kondal; Kalpana Singh; Meenakshi Sharma; Deepak Kumar Shukla; Nikhil Tandon; Kolli Srinath Reddy; Anand Krishnan
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Global heart | 2017
Dorairaj Prabhakaran; Ambuj Roy; Pradeep A. Praveen; Lakshmy Ramakrishnan; Ruby Gupta; Ritvik Amarchand; Dimple Kondal; Kalpana Singh; Meenakshi Sharma; Deepak Kumar Shukla; Nikhil Tandon; Kolli Srinath Reddy; Anand Krishnan
10 for private institutions based on age groups. The total direct cost of an ARI episode requiring hospitalized care was