Rodolfo WingChing-Jones

Survival of selected lactic acid bacteria isolated from pineapple waste in refrigerated pineapple juices

The aim of this research was to isolate and identify lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from pineapple waste. The survival in refrigerated pineapple juices, of a selected isolate with potential probiotic properties, was also studied. The 16S rRNA and pheS partial genes were used to identify LAB, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) genes were used in order to separate strains grouping with Lactobacillus casei and L. paracasei phylogenetically. Tests for survival at pH 2.0, resistance to lysozyme and tolerance to bile salts were used to screen the strains for potential probiotic properties. A L. fermentum isolate was used for the survival study. Three types of pineapple juice made from pulp, a blend of pulp and peel (80:20), and peel extract were inoculated to approximately 106 CFU/mL with L. fermentum and stored at 4 °C for up to six weeks. The physicochemical composition of juices, including concentration of fermentable sugars and organic acids, total solids content, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and pH, was determined during the survival study. Two genera and five species were identified. Pineapple juices supported the survival of L. fermentum during refrigerated storage but the population of the bacteria decreased over time regardless of the juice type. Juice made from pulp was a more suitable vehicle for the survival of the selected LAB. Some of the juice physicochemical properties, including sugars and organic acids content, pH and titratable acidity, varied significantly (P<0.05) during storage. Further sensory studies are necessary to evaluate consumer acceptance of juices containing the selected isolate. IMPORTANCE Lactic acid bacteria (LAB), isolated from pineapple waste, were phylogenetically analyzed and characterized in regards to their tolerance to pH 2.0, lysozyme and bile salts; showing their potential as probiotic strains, if health benefits associated to their ingestion are eventually confirmed. Moreover, pineapple juice supported the survival of Lactobacillus fermentum, isolated from the same food matrix, during refrigerated storage at 4 °C. Among the three pineapple juices tested (pulp, pulp + peel and peel), L. fermentum survived better in juice made from pulp. However, significant variations were observed overtime in some of the physicochemical properties of the juices including sugars and organic acids content, pH and total titratable acidity.

Weight loss in Bos indicus and Bos taurus cattle during auction

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue determinar la perdida de peso de bovinos en subasta. Se evaluo ademas el porcentaje de merma correspondiente al peso del animal segun su sexo, el patron racial, la categoria comercial, el peso vivo de entrada a las instalaciones de la subasta y el tiempo de espera de cada animal desde el ingreso hasta el momento de su remate. Se analizaron un total de 629 animales en la subasta Asociacion Camara de Ganaderos Unidos del Sur, ubicada en Perez Zeledon, San Jose, Costa Rica, entre agosto y noviembre del 2011. El sexo del animal y el patron racial no tuvieron efecto significativo sobre los kilogramos de peso perdidos. Mientras que, segun la categoria comercial, el periodo de espera y el peso de ingreso (p<0,05), se pueden perder entre 4,31 y 9,91; entre 6,16 y 7,31; y entre 3,52 y 9,54 kilos por animal, respectivamente. Para el porcentaje de merma, las variables patron racial, categoria comercial y el periodo de espera presentaron efectos significativos, no asi el sexo y el peso de ingreso. El porcentaje de merma fluctuo entre 1,57 a 2,54%