Rodrigo Gomes de Oliveira

Tratamento cirúrgico das estenoses da via biliar

BACKGROUND: Benign stricture of biliary tract (BSBT) are iatrogenic in about 95% of the cases. Although rare, its outcome is poor; therefore prevention is the best option. The objective of this study is to evaluate the surgical management and its results in BSBT. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 11 patients submitted to corrective surgery for BSBT at Hospital Universitario Regional do Norte do Parana, from July / 92 to December / 01. RESULTS: There were nine female patients and the mean age was 43.71 years old. Previous surgeries were classic cholecistectomies (81.8%) and videocholescistectomies (18.2%).The most frequent signs and symptoms were jaundice (64.3%), abdominal pain (64.3%) and fever (21.4). The diagnosis was confirmed by CPRE in 90.9% of the patients and CTP in 9.1%. According to Bismuth‘s classification, 18.2% of the patients were considered grade I, 45.4% grade II, 18.2% grade III and 18.2% grade IV. The corrective surgery for BSBT was choledochoduodenostomy in two cases of grade I, hepaticojejunostomy using a Roux-en-Y loop of jejunum in five cases of grade II, Hepp-Couinauds operations in two cases of grade III, hepaticojejunostomy with mucosal graft (Smiths technique) in two cases of grade IV. The postoperative complications were fistula (18.2%), death (18.2%), pneumonia (9.1%) and hemobilia (9.1%). CONCLUSION: Complexity of the surgical treatment requires prevention of injuries. Bile duct lesions repair should be considered as a specialists procedure and should be performed in a center with special interest in this disease.

Simpatectomia lombar por pneumoretroperitonioscopia (SLPR)

BACKGROUND: Sympathectomy can still be performed in the treatment of many diseases, such as chronic atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease stage IV without conditions of revascularization, hypertensive ulcer and necrosis associated with Raynaud phenomenon. The classical treatment is performed through retroperitoneal access, but can also be performed through minimally invasive techniques. OBJECTIVE: This study aims at evaluating results of retroperitoneal endoscopic lumbar sympathectomy. METHODS: Thirty-one patients were submitted to retroperitoneal endoscopic lumbar sympathectomy (22 males and nine females), mean age of 48 years (41-70). Twenty patients had chronic peripheral arterial disease, with no possibility of revascularization, all presenting with necrosis or ulcer; seven patients had thromboangiitis obliterans, three had hypertensive ulcer, and one patient had secondary Raynaud phenomenon. Surgical procedures were performed by retroperitoneal endoscopic access, besides excision of ganglia L2-L4 of the lumbar sympathetic chain. RESULTS: There were no intraoperative complications, only the need of converting to open surgery due to technical difficulties. Mean operative time was 103 minutes and mean hospital stay was 2 days. CONCLUSION: Sympathectomy can be performed by retroperitoneal endoscopy using the advantages of a minimally invasive surgery.

Laparoscopia no abdome agudo inflamatório de difícil diagnóstico

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to analize the efficacy of laparoscopy in cases of acute inflamatory abdomen of difficult diagnosis, according to accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and negative and positive predictive values. METHODS: The authors studied, prospectively, 29 patients with clinical suspicion of inflamatory acute abdomen, that, after inconclusive clinical and complemental investigations were submitted to diagnostic and / or therapeutic laparoscopy. RESULTS: In 96,5 % of the patients the procedure confirmed the diagnosis; 58,6 % of the patients were treated by laparoscopy, 6,8% by laparotomy and 34,4% received clinical treatment. The complication rate was 10,3 %, with no mortality in this study. Patients treated by laparoscopy were discharged from hospital in 36 hours after the procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy proved to be a good diagnostic and therapeutic method in acute inflamatory diseases of the abdomen and is associated with lower hospitalization time and lower rate of complications.

Tratamento endovascular da síndrome da aorta média causada por arterite de Takayasu: relato de caso

Middle aortic syndrome (MAS) is a clinical condition characterized by segmental or diffuse narrowing of the aorta, hypertension, and lower limb claudication. The main cause of MAS is Takayasu’s arteritis. Segmental aortic stenosis may be located at the suprarenal, renal or infrarenal aorta with high tendency to concomitant stenosis in both the renal and visceral arteries. Severity of hypertension is the primary indication for intervention. Endovascular therapy is a minimally invasive treatment for MAS and may provide good results. In the present report, we describe a successful endovascular treatment of stenosis of the thoracoabdominal aorta with recanalization of the superior mesenteric artery using angioplasty in a 34-year-old woman with Takaysu’s arteritis and severe hypertension.

Análise espectral segmentar no seguimento de pacientes revascularizados

BACKGROUND: Patients treated for peripheral arterial occlusive disease with lower limb revascularization (angioplasty or grafts) were followed up for a 2-year period after treatment with vascular ultrasound (segmental spectrum analysis, SSA). OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that SSA can be used in the follow-up of patients treated for peripheral arterial occlusive disease. METHODS: The following SSA measurements were performed: peak systolic velocity (PSV), pulsatility index (PI), and flow velocity waveform (FVW). These measurements were performed and compared for each patient during the pre- and post-treatment periods (with 3-month intervals) for diagnosis of vascular patency. RESULTS: Measurements performed postoperatively in the arteries immediately distal to the treated segments showed a significant increase in PSV and PI, with a change of the FVW from a monophasic to a biphasic or triphasic configuration. PSV and PI increased, respectively, 92.26 and 98.2% (intervention in the aortoiliac segment), 112.83 and 62.39% (intervention in the femoral-popliteal segment), and 149.08 and 28.8% (in the popliteal-tibial segment). Such changes in flow velocity patterns occurred in all patients and remained almost unaltered during the period of patient follow up. When treatment failed (hemodynamically significant occlusion or stenosis), parameters fell to levels similar to those observed prior to treatment. If treatment failure was corrected by new revascularization (angioplasty or grafts), SSA parameters returned to patterns observed after initial treatment. CONCLUSION: SSA can be used in the follow-up of patients with lower limb revascularization due to peripheral arterial occlusive disease, demonstrating treatment patency and failure.

Correlação entre as pressões parciais de co2 no ar expirado e no sangue arterial, em porcas submetidas a pneumoperitônio

OBJECTIVE: The use of CO2 to promote pneumoperitoneun in laparoscopic surgeries causes hipercarbia. Expired air CO2 partial pressure may estimate this change.The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is a correlation between arterial CO2 partial pressure and expired air CO2 partial pressure during laparoscopic surgeries. METHODS: Twenty female pigs were assigned to two groups: one without pneumoperitoneun and another with a 12 mmHg intra abdominal pressure. Endotracheal pressure, arterial CO2 saturation, expired air CO2 partial pressure, pH and arterial CO2 partial pressure were determined. RESULTS: After performing pneumoperitoneun there was a marked increase in endotracheal pressure, expired air CO2 partial pressure and arterial CO2 partial pressure. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of the increase in both CO2 arterial partial pressure and expired air partial pressure, there was no linear correlation between them, so that it is not possible to estimate arterial CO2 partial pressure by the expired air CO2 partial pressure during laparoscopic surgeries.