Roger Schofield

The population history of England 1541-1871: a reconstruction

Introductory note Related publications Preface to the first edition Introduction Part I. From Parish Register Data to National Vital Series: 1. The basic data 2. The representativeness of the date 3. Inflation to national frequencies 4. From baptisms and burials to births and deaths: corrections for nonconformity and late baptism 5. From baptisms and burials to births and deaths: final inflation ratios: offsetting other causes of non-registration Part II. English Population History: 6. Secular trends: some basic patterns 7. Secular trends: back-projection estimates of population characteristics and vital rates 8. Short-term variations: some basic patterns 9. Short-term variation: vital rates, prices, and weather 10. The economic setting of long-term trends in English fertility and mortality 11. Conclusion Appendices Bibliography Index.

English population history from family reconstitution 1580-1837

List of figures List of tables Part I: 1. Introduction 2. The reconstitution parishes 3. Representativeness 4. Reliability Part II: 5. Nuptiality 6. Mortality 7. Fertility Part III: 8. Reconstitution and inverse projection 9. Conclusion Appendices Bibliography Index.

The State of population theory : forward from Malthus

Most of these papers were presented at the FORWARD FROM MALTHUS: THE STATE OF POPULATION THEORY IN 1984 conference held by the British Society for Population Studies at Gonville and Caius College Cambridge on 17-19 September 1984. The topics include the current state of population theory discussions of Malthuss writings and views and discussions on demographic regimes hunter-gatherer populations family roles Sub-Saharan reproduction systems fertility determinants shifts reproduction in contemporary Europe and mortality since Malthus.

Famine, disease and the social order in early modern society

List of figures List of tables Andrew Appleby: a personal appreciation Peter Laslett A bibliography of Andrew B. Applebys principal works in chronological order List of abbreviations 1. Famine, disease and crisis mortality in early modern society John Walter and Roger Schofield 2. The social economy of death in early modern England John Walter 3. Death in Whickham Keith Wrightson and David Levine 4. The response to plague in early modern England: public policies and their consequences Paul Slack 5. Demographic crises and subsistence crises in France 1650-1725 Jacques Dupaquier 6. Markets and mortality in France, 1600-1789 David R. Weir 7. Some reflections on corn yields and prices in pre-industrial economies E. A. Wrigley 8. Family structure, demographic behaviour and economic growth Roger Schofield Consolidated bibliography Index.

Old and new methods in historical demography

Part 1 Time series analysis and population reconstruction: inverse projection and demographic fluctuations generalized inverse projection benchmarks for a new inverse population projection programme - England, Sweden and a standard demographic transition the trend method applied to English data other paths to the past - from vital series to population patterns short-run population dynamics among the rich and poor in European countries, rural Jutland and urban Rouen. Part 2 New challenges for record linking and family reconstitution: the construction of individual life histories - application to the study of geographical mobility in the Valserine valley in the 19th and 20th centuries incomplete histories in family reconstitution - a sensitivity test of alternative strategies with historical Croatian data family reconstitution and population reconstruction - two approaches to the fertility transition in France, 1740-1911 family reconstitution as event-history analysis. Part 3 Event-history analysis with historical data: techniques of event-history analysis an attempt to analyze individual migration histories from data on place of usual residence at the time of certain vital events - France during the 19th century some applications of recent developments in event-history analysis for historical demography combined time-series and life-event analysis - the impact of economic fluctuations and air temperature on adult mortality by sex and occupation in a Swedish mining parish, 1757-1850. Part 4 Simulating historical processes: simulation of change to validate demographic analysis estimating numbers of kin in historical England using demographic microsimulation my brothers keeper - modelling kinship links in early urbanization. Part 5 New sources, new techniques: coarse and refined methods for studying the fertility transition in historical populations the last emperors - an introduction to the demography of the Qing (1644-1911) imperial lineage historical demography from the census - applications of the American census microdata files excess mortality in youth.

Age at baptism in pre-industrial England

Abstract The adequacy of English parish registers as demographic sources has been a subject for much debate.(1) Most attention has been directed to the problem of how far the population at large continued to use the sacraments ofthe Established Church in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, especially in areas affected by urban growth or Nonconformity. But the more general problem of how far the ecclesiastical registers of ceremonies are acceptable substitutes for registers of vital events also deserves some attention.

Historical Demography: Some Possibilities and Some Limitations

HISTORIANS have long been interested in the subject of population, but it is only recently that they have begun to apply the formal techniques of demography to the study of population in the past. This has happened because historians have begun to ask questions about population and its relationship with the historical, social and economic environment which can only be answered if the demographic components of fertility, nuptiality and mortality can be identified and measured. Originally historians were concerned with relatively straightforward questions about population, such as the number of people alive at a given time. But knowledge of the size of a population is in itself seldom informative; it becomes meaningful when it is compared with other information, for example with the size of the population at another date, so that the direction and rate of population change can be inferred. Sometimes the bare facts of population change are all that the historian needs to know; for example some independent evidence on changes in the size of the population of England in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries would be a welcome addition to the current debate on the sixteenth-century price rise. But historians have seldom remained satisfied with the knowledge that population is growing or declining; very properly they have wanted to know why this was so.

The response to plague in early modern England: public policies and their consequences

We may keep our Shipping to strict Quarantaine, we may form Lines, and cut off all Communication with the Infected, we may barricadoe up our Cities and our Towns, and shut ourselves up in our Houses, Death will come up into our Windows, and enter into our Palaces, and cut off our Children from without, and the young Men from the Streets. William Hendley, Loimologia Sacra , 1721 As it turned out, William Hendley was wrong. Death in the form of plague did not return to England during the 1720s, despite the scares aroused by its savage attack on Marseilles and other parts of southern France. Yet his profound scepticism about the policies adopted to control plague in England was widely shared; and it had been voiced by critical observers ever since those policies began in the sixteenth century. For quarantine had plainly not always protected England from the import of infection from the continent. Neither had strict watches against goods and travellers from London, when there were visitations there, prevented epidemics in provincial towns. The enforced isolation of infected families in their own houses, with their doors nailed up and guards outside them, had similarly failed to stop the movement of plague from household to household in stricken cities. Indeed, many critics had argued, such measures could not be expected to work.

The last visitation of the plague in Sweden: the case of Bräkne-Hoby in 1710–11†

In an earlier study of the plague in Colyton, Devon, the household distribution of deaths was studied to see whether this provided a method of identifying the causative disease. In this article, a known epidemic of plague in the Swedish parish of Brakne‐Hoby was studied as a means of testing out the generality of the household distribution of deaths. It was discovered that, in this case, the very heavy mortality was due to two radically different means of spreading the disease, initially the classic bubonic one through the rat flea, and latterly, and somewhat surprisingly, the pneumonic one, through the infection of the inhabitants by their own friends and neighbours.

Famine, disease and the social order in early modern society: List of contributors

List of figures List of tables Andrew Appleby: a personal appreciation Peter Laslett A bibliography of Andrew B. Applebys principal works in chronological order List of abbreviations 1. Famine, disease and crisis mortality in early modern society John Walter and Roger Schofield 2. The social economy of death in early modern England John Walter 3. Death in Whickham Keith Wrightson and David Levine 4. The response to plague in early modern England: public policies and their consequences Paul Slack 5. Demographic crises and subsistence crises in France 1650-1725 Jacques Dupaquier 6. Markets and mortality in France, 1600-1789 David R. Weir 7. Some reflections on corn yields and prices in pre-industrial economies E. A. Wrigley 8. Family structure, demographic behaviour and economic growth Roger Schofield Consolidated bibliography Index.