Rogério Oliveira Rodrigues

Soroprevalência de aglutininas anti-Leptospira spp. em ovinos nas Mesorregiões Sudeste e Sudoeste do Estado Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

The presence of anti-Leptospira agglutinins in 1.360 samples of ovine sera was determined. Clinically healthy sheep with more than one year of age, raised in pasture in 136 farms of 18 counties, 10 located in the southeast Mesorregions and 8 in the southwest Mesorregions of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, between the months of January and March of 1999. Were used sera tested by the Microscopic Agglutination Technique (MAT), from the 1.360 samples of serum tested, 466 (34.26%) were positive and the titers of anti-Leptospira spp. agglutinins varied from 100 to 3.200. The serovars founded were: hardjo (Norma), 210 (28.4%), sentot, 152 (16.8%); hardjoprajitno, 133 (14.5%); fortbragg, 73 (6.3%); wolffi, 39 (4.7%); pyrogenes, 25 (1.8%); australis, 21 (1.6%); pomona, 20 (1.6%); sejroe, 19 (2.2%); castellonis, 18 (1.8%); hebdomadis, 17 (1.3%); icterohaemorrhagiae, 16 (0.5%); grippotyphosa, 9 (0.7%); canicola , 8 (0.6%); tarassovi, 7 (0.6%), bratislava, 4 (0.29%), autumnalis, 3 (0.2%). The results demonstrate that Leptospira spp are disseminated in the majority of the farms that raise sheep in the southeast and southwest Mesorregions of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Comparação entre a imunidade induzida em bovinos vacinados com bacterinas polivalentes comerciais e uma monovalente experimental

The study evaluated the induction of antibody production against ten bacterins, nine polyvalent and one experimental monovalent to serovar Hardjo strain Norma. An indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed using anti-IgG conjugate to measure total levels of IgG class antibodies conferred by bacterins using three different strains: Hardjoprajiitino, Norma and Hardjo-bovis. Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) was also used to measure immunoglobulin levels of the same strains. Variable ELISA titers were induced by the tested bacterins. The MAT titers found showed lower intensity and shorter duration, indicating the need to cellular control in further standardization of these vaccines. Based on results of this study, the monovalent bacterin showed best performance.

Pathogenic Leptospira spp. in bats: Molecular investigation in Southern Brazil.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the frequency of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in Brazilian bats and to determine possible risk factors associated to it. Ninety two bats of 12 species were evaluated. Whole genomic DNA from kidneys was extracted and real-time PCR specific to pathogenic Leptospira spp. was applied. Association between the frequency of specimens positive for Leptospira spp. and sex, age, bat species or family, season of collection, geographic localization and feeding habits was evaluated. The results showed that 39.13% of analyzed bats were found positive for Leptospira spp. Nine bat species had at least one positive result. There was no association among the evaluated variables and frequency of pathogenic Leptospira spp. Although the limitations due to lack of Leptospira spp. isolation, leptospiral carriage was demonstrated in bats of different species from southern Brazil, which reinforces the need for surveillance of infectious agents in wild animals.

Diagnosis of Leptospira spp. Infection in Sheep Flocks in the State of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Background: Leptospirosis has a worldwide distribution with high social and economic impact. It is caused by a variety of Leptospira spp. serovars, particularly in tropical regions. Various species of animals can be affected by Leptospira spp. including cattle, horses, sheep, goats and swine, and can act as a reservoir for human infection. In Brazil, sheep leptospirosis has been diagnosed in a variety of States, however, little is known about sheep flocks of Mato Grosso. Considering the marked growth of sheep industry in Mato Grosso State in past recent years, this study aimed to evaluate the frequency of serologically positive sheep for Leptospira spp. serovars in the State of Mato Grosso (Brazil). Materials, Methods & Results: Blood samples of 346 sheep, which belonged to 16 sheep flocks of the medium northern region of Mato Grosso was obtained by jugular vein puncture. Serum was obtained by blood centrifugation and stored at -20°C until the test to be performed. The diagnosis was performed using the microscopic agglutination test. Serovars Australis, Autumnalis, Bataviae, Bolivia, Castelonis, Celledoni, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Hardjobovis, Hebdomadis, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Lagoa, Norma, Panama, Pomona, Sejroe, Shermani, Szwajizak, and Wolffi were tested. Reactions were considered positive with minimum titration of 1:100. Considering all serovars, 54.9% of sheep were positive, and the serovar more frequently detected was Celledoni (22.8%), followed by Javanica (19.4%), Castellonis (16.5%), and Norma (15.3%), with predominance of titration of 100 for these serovars, while only one sheep had a titration of 1:800 detected for serovar Hardjo. All flocks (100%) were positive (at least one positive animal), with the frequency of animals positive to Leptospira spp. varying of 31.3% to 79.2% in flocks. Discussion: Infection for Leptospira spp. in humans has a large social and sanitary impact. Under an animal health perspective, beyond sanitary impact, leptospirosis have a large economic impact and can act as important reservoirs for Leptospira spp. for human infection, especially in tropical conditions, which favor the persistence of agent in the environment. The occurrence of sheep leptospirosis has been diagnosed in several States of Brazil as Rio Grande do Sul, Paraiba, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo and Maranhao, with frequency of herds positive for Leptospira spp. varying of 5.4% to 47.4%, however, the frequency of positive sheep in this study was higher than these previous reports in other Brazilian States. The most frequent serovar in sheep flocks have a great importance for prophylactic control. However, there were identified as main frequent serovar Celledoni and Javanica, which are considered unusual in sheep, and indicates a peculiar profile of ovine serovars for the region. Considering de high frequency of positive farms (100%) in Mato Grosso and the lack of studies about the occurrence of leptospirosis in this region, our results suggest the occurrence of risk factors that can favor the dispersion and survival of agent. Contact of the sheep evaluated in this study with other animal species such as cattle, dogs, and horses that can serve as a source for sheep infection or may become contaminated from sheep. Then, the profile of sheep infection by Leptospira spp. in the State of Mato Grosso has a peculiar profile of serovars, with high frequency of infection of animals and herds.

ESTADIAMENTO DO CÂNCER DE MAMA EM MULHERES ATENDIDAS EM UM CENTRO DE REFERÊNCIA EM ONCOLOGIA

RESUMO O objetivo do presente estudo foi descrever o estadiamento do câncer de mama em mulheres admitidas para atendimento em um centro de referencia em oncologia localizado em Governador Valadares, Minas Gerais. Os prontuarios de 257 pacientes atendidas entre novembro de 2009 a novembro de 2010 foram revisados para obtencao de dados do estadiamento e de caracteristicas gerais das pacientes. As pacientes apresentavam em media 54,5 anos de idade, eram principalmente pardas (62,0%) e casadas ou com uniao estavel. Predominaram pacientes atendidas pelo Sistema Unico de Saude (94,4%), sem historia familiar de câncer de mama (78,2%) e com indice de massa corporal acima do ideal (57,5%). Os tumores in situ corresponderam a 2,3% dos casos, tumores no estadio I a 26,4%, no estadio II a 38,5%, no estadio III a 22,9% e estadio IV a 9,7%. Nao houve relacao significativa entre os estadios inicial ou precoce e a idade, cor da pele, estado civil, IMC e historia familiar de câncer de mama. O percentual de casos diagnosticados em estadio tardio ainda e alto quando comparado com o encontrado em paises desenvolvidos, o que aponta para necessidade de politicas que facilitem a deteccao precoce da doenca na regiao.

Curva de anticorpos pós-vacinais em ovinos imunizados com uma ou duas doses de bacterina oleosa anti-leptospirose, produzida com a sorovariedade Hardjo, tipo Hardjoprajitno, estirpe Norma, isolada no Brasil

Herrmann G.P., Rodrigues R.O., Vidal C.E.S., Machado G., Moreira E.C. & Leite R.C. 2011. (Post vaccinal antibodies profile of sheep immunized with one or two doses of an oil emulsified anti leptospirosis bacterin produced with serovar Hardjo, type Hard- joprajitno, strain Norma, isolated in Brazil.) Curva de anticorpos pos-vacinais em ovinos imunizados com uma ou duas doses de bacterina oleosa anti-leptospirose, produzida com a sorovariedade Hardjo, tipo Hardjoprajitno, estirpe Norma, isolada no Brasil. Pesquisa Veteri- naria Brasileira 31(8):683-689. Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universida- de Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima 1000, Predio 20, Sala 4011, Campus Universita- rio, Santa Maria, RS 97105-900, Brazil, E-mail: gederpaulo@hotmail.com It was compared the level of antibodies of sheep immunized with one or two doses of an oil bacterin produced with serovar Hardjo, type Hardjoprajitno, strain Norma, isolated from cattle urine in Brazil. Cultures of 2x10 8 leptospires/mL were inactivated with formalin 0.3%, final concentration and emulsified in oil Emulsigen® 12%. The vaccine dose was standardized to the concentration of 1x10 8 leptospires/mL. Forty adult sheep, Santa Ines breed from a herd free of leptospirosis by clinical and serological examinations during one year were chosen for the experiment. Group A (n=15) received two subcutaneous 3.0 mL vaccine dose, interval of 30 days. Group B (n=15) received one subcutaneous 3.0 mL vaccine dose. Group C (control) received one subcutaneous dose of 3.0 mL of 0.85% sodium chloride solution. Post vaccination antibody titers were measured by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) and an in house enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) every 30 days during 120 days. At 30 days post-vaccination, the titers of the groups A and B ranged from 80 to 160. In group A, after the booster dose, the titers increased two to four times until 3,200, while in the group B the titers were lower than 160 and decreased by one to two times after 60 days after vaccination. Using a single dose, the antibodies persisted for only 30 days, and with two doses with 30 days of interval, the antibodies were detectable for 60 days through the MAT test and 120 days through the ELISA. The MAT test detected IgM titers of vaccine only for 60 days, while the ELISA was able to detect antibodies during the 120 days. In the negative control group, nonspecific reactions occurred in the ELISA up to titer 80, however titers in the MAT of the same animals remained at zero. The ELISA test can be used to assess anti leptospire vaccinal antibody level to the serovar Hardjo, type Hardjoprajitno, strain Norma in sheep.

Caracterização das proteínas de superfície de membrana externa da sorovariedade Hardjo isolada de bovinos em Minas Gerais

Differences in the protein profile of Leptospira sp. strains Sponselee, Norma and Hardjoprajitno were observed, with bands ranging from 175.47 kDa to 12.10 kDa. Strain Sponselee presented a 12-band profile, while strain Norma showed 11 and strain Hardjoprajitno showed 9 bands in the profile. All bands observed in Sponselee strain profile could match bands in the other two strains. Strain Norma lacks a band at 35.77 kDa and strain Hardjoprajitno lacks the bands at 89.59 kDa, 35.77 kDa and 12.10 kDa. The recognition profile from hyperimmune sera was also different for the studied serovar Hadjo strains. The majority of recognized proteins was in the range of 35.83 kDa to 29.19 kDa. Cattle sera against strain Norma only recognized low molecular mass proteins in strains Norma (6.80 kDa) and Hardjoprajitno (6.80 kDa and 5.30 kDa). Bovine sera against strain Hardjoprajitno recognized a 44.33 kDa protein in all studied strains and proteins of 4.22 kDa in strains Sponselee and Norma and of 10.49 kDa and 6.16 kDa in strain Hadjoprajitno. The different identified proteins could become specific targets to the development of diagnostic tests and vaccines against bovine leptospirosis.

Caracterização da movimentação de bovinos com o uso de um modelo tipo centro-periferia

A degree in which bovine movement patterns configures a core-periphery structure was studied. Social networks analysis was used - a core-periphery (C/P) continuous model - estimating high correlation and an identification of a core with a discrimination power that outline this model as a tool for the characterization of livestock forms of production and regionalization of measures of sanitary intervention in animal health. This work considers an application of intuitive concepts about the definition of C/P structures that are according to the determinants of the livestock market circuits