Rosa A. Zárate Grajales

The situation of nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean towards universal health

Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.Objetivo: evaluar la situacion de la educacion en enfermeria y analizar en que grado los programas de educacion de enfermeria a nivel de grado en America Latina y el Caribe estan preparando a los graduados para contribuir al logro de la Salud Universal. Metodo: se llevo a cabo un estudio transversal, cuantitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio en 25 paises. Resultados: participaron en el estudio 246 escuelas de enfermeria. El porcentaje de profesores con titulos de doctorado fue de 31,3%; pero, si se excluye a Brasil esta cifra se reduce a 8,3%. La proporcion de la experiencia clinica adquirida en los servicios de atencion primaria de salud en relacion con la adquirida en servicios hospitalarios fue de 0,63, lo que indica que los estudiantes adquieren la mayor parte de su experiencia clinica en entornos hospitalarios. Los resultados mostraron una necesidad de mejorar el acceso a internet; la tecnologia de la informacion; la accesibilidad para las personas discapacitadas; la evaluacion de los programas, de los profesores y de los estudiantes; y los metodos de ensenanza y aprendizaje. Conclusiones: hay heterogeneidad en la educacion en enfermeria en America Latina y el Caribe. En general, los programas de estudios de enfermeria han adoptado los principios y los valores de la Salud Universal y la atencion primaria de salud, asi como los principios que sustentan las modalidades de educacion transformadora, como son el desarrollo del pensamiento critico y complejo, la solucion de problemas, la toma de decisiones clinicas basadas en la evidencia y el aprendizaje a lo largo de toda la vida. Sin embargo, hay necesidad de promover un cambio en el paradigma de la educacion en enfermeria, a fin de que abarque mas capacitacion en la atencion primaria de salud.

A Situação da Educação em Enfermagem na América Latina e no Caribe Rumo à Saúde Universal

Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.Objetivo: evaluar la situacion de la educacion en enfermeria y analizar en que grado los programas de educacion de enfermeria a nivel de grado en America Latina y el Caribe estan preparando a los graduados para contribuir al logro de la Salud Universal. Metodo: se llevo a cabo un estudio transversal, cuantitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio en 25 paises. Resultados: participaron en el estudio 246 escuelas de enfermeria. El porcentaje de profesores con titulos de doctorado fue de 31,3%; pero, si se excluye a Brasil esta cifra se reduce a 8,3%. La proporcion de la experiencia clinica adquirida en los servicios de atencion primaria de salud en relacion con la adquirida en servicios hospitalarios fue de 0,63, lo que indica que los estudiantes adquieren la mayor parte de su experiencia clinica en entornos hospitalarios. Los resultados mostraron una necesidad de mejorar el acceso a internet; la tecnologia de la informacion; la accesibilidad para las personas discapacitadas; la evaluacion de los programas, de los profesores y de los estudiantes; y los metodos de ensenanza y aprendizaje. Conclusiones: hay heterogeneidad en la educacion en enfermeria en America Latina y el Caribe. En general, los programas de estudios de enfermeria han adoptado los principios y los valores de la Salud Universal y la atencion primaria de salud, asi como los principios que sustentan las modalidades de educacion transformadora, como son el desarrollo del pensamiento critico y complejo, la solucion de problemas, la toma de decisiones clinicas basadas en la evidencia y el aprendizaje a lo largo de toda la vida. Sin embargo, hay necesidad de promover un cambio en el paradigma de la educacion en enfermeria, a fin de que abarque mas capacitacion en la atencion primaria de salud.

La situación de la educación en enfermería en América Latina y el Caribe hacia el logro de la salud universal

Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.Objective: to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health. Method: quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results: a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion: there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.Objetivo: evaluar la situacion de la educacion en enfermeria y analizar en que grado los programas de educacion de enfermeria a nivel de grado en America Latina y el Caribe estan preparando a los graduados para contribuir al logro de la Salud Universal. Metodo: se llevo a cabo un estudio transversal, cuantitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio en 25 paises. Resultados: participaron en el estudio 246 escuelas de enfermeria. El porcentaje de profesores con titulos de doctorado fue de 31,3%; pero, si se excluye a Brasil esta cifra se reduce a 8,3%. La proporcion de la experiencia clinica adquirida en los servicios de atencion primaria de salud en relacion con la adquirida en servicios hospitalarios fue de 0,63, lo que indica que los estudiantes adquieren la mayor parte de su experiencia clinica en entornos hospitalarios. Los resultados mostraron una necesidad de mejorar el acceso a internet; la tecnologia de la informacion; la accesibilidad para las personas discapacitadas; la evaluacion de los programas, de los profesores y de los estudiantes; y los metodos de ensenanza y aprendizaje. Conclusiones: hay heterogeneidad en la educacion en enfermeria en America Latina y el Caribe. En general, los programas de estudios de enfermeria han adoptado los principios y los valores de la Salud Universal y la atencion primaria de salud, asi como los principios que sustentan las modalidades de educacion transformadora, como son el desarrollo del pensamiento critico y complejo, la solucion de problemas, la toma de decisiones clinicas basadas en la evidencia y el aprendizaje a lo largo de toda la vida. Sin embargo, hay necesidad de promover un cambio en el paradigma de la educacion en enfermeria, a fin de que abarque mas capacitacion en la atencion primaria de salud.