Rosidah

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF TARENNA POLYCARPA (MIQ.) KOORD. LEAF

Âxa0Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Tarenna polycarpa (Miq.) koord. Ex Valenton. Leaf extract and fractions.Methods: Antioxidant activity was examined by DPPH method.Results: Ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, and ethyl acetate fraction with DPPH assay measured as half maximal inhibitory concentration were 55.21, 109.73, and 42.04 I¼g/mL, respectively.Conclusions: The results reveal that T. polycarpa extract and fractions have strong antioxidant potential. Our further study is to isolate compounds responsible for antioxidant components.

Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Fractions from Sambung Rambat (Micania Cordata) Leaf

Objective: The present study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of various fractions from Sambung Rambat leaf ( Micania cordata ) using ethyl acetate, hexane, and water solvent as the solvent. Methods: Investigation of phytochemical compound was using standard phytochemical screening method, while the anti-inflammatory was using the carrageenan-induced paw edema method in animal (rats) model. Results: The phytochemical screening showed that the fractions of M. cordata had a lot of phytochemical compounds such as flavonoids, glycosides, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, and saponins. Anti-inflammatory assessment showed that the strongest activity of anti-inflammatory produced by ethyl acetate fraction with 200 mg/kg BW dose. Conclusion: This investigation could be concluded that ethyl acetate fraction of M. cordata might be a potential for the treatment of inflammatory.

IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING IN GENERAL HOSPITAL DR. PIRNGADI MEDAN

Objective: The aim of this study was to establish cases of bacteria associated with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in General Hospital Dr. Pirngadi Medan with the view to identify the bacteria well as to assess their antibiotics susceptibility. Methods: An observation and prospective study were analyzed to patients with lower respiratory tract infection in respiratory and internal wards Dr. Pirngadi Hospital Medan. For the identification method of bacteria was using optochin test, catalase test, Mannitol salt agar, coagulase, indole, methyl red, Voges–Proskauer test, citrate, urease, and Triple Sugar Iron test. Results: The bacteria that cause lower respiratory tract infection were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.53%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.02%), Proteus sp. (14.89%), Staphylococcus aureus (12.77%), Escherichia coli (10.64%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (10.64%), and Haemophilus influenzae (8.51%). The result of sensitivity testing showed that gentamicin is more sensitive and the resistant antibiotic is chloramphenicol among all the tested antibiotics. Conclusion: P. aeruginosa was the most common isolated from LRTIs patients with gentamicin is the most sensitive antibiotics while chloramphenicol is the most resistant antibiotics among all the tested antibiotics.