Ruiney Carneiro

Efeitos cardiovascular e metabólico da reposição volêmica com hidroxietilamido 130/0,4 em felinos domésticos com hipovolemia induzida

The aim of this study was to compare the volemic expansion effects produced by hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 (HES 130/0.4) or blood, in female cats with induced hypovolemia. Twelve healthy adult female cats, crossbreed and weighing an average of 2.85±0.28kg were used. They were induced into general anesthesia with isofluorane at 5V%, intubated and connected to a non-rebreathing system. After instrumentation, the animals were maintained under anesthesia with isofluorane at 1.3V% and maintained on pressure cycled mechanic ventilation. Afterwards, hypovolemia was induced by withdrawal of 30ml kg-1 of blood from the femoral artery. After 60 minutes of stabilization of the patient, the treatments were initiated. In the hydroxyethyl starch group (GH, n=06) the animals received hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 as volemic expansion at the same volume of blood withdrawed, in the blood group (GS, n=06) the animals received their own withdrawed blood, being considered the control group. The systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressures and central venous pressure increased after volemic expansion in both groups. An increase of PaCO2 at T15, T30 and T60 in GH was observed. In addition, there was reduction of pH at T30 and T45 and Na+ ions at T90 in GH. The arterial pressure restoration with the use of HES 130/0.4 was similar to the control group; the volemic expansion with HES 130/0,4 produces accentuated increase of CVP; the use of HES 130/0,4 in female cats submitted to hypovolemia did not produce clinically significant alterations in acid-base equilibrium.

Efeitos cardiovascular e metabólico da reposição volêmica com solução salina hipertônica 7,5% associada ou não ao hidroxietilamido 130/0,4 em gatas com hipovolemia induzida

Hypovolemia is characterized by body fluid loss leading to an inadequate circulatory flow and consequently tissue injury. The aim of this study was to compare the volume expansion using hypertonic saline solution (NaCl 7.5%) alone or in combination with hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 (HES 130/0.4) in cats under general anesthesia with isoflurane and exposed to experimental hypovolemia. Twelve adult mixed breed cats, average weight of 3.07±0.56kg were used in this study. The queens were anesthetized using isoflurane and after surgical prepare, anesthesia were maintained with 1 MAC of isoflurane and the animals were mechanically ventilated. After waiting for anesthesia stabilization, baseline cardiovascular and hemogasometric parameters were recorded. Hypovolemia was induced by withdrawing 30mL kg-1 of blood from the femoral artery, after an hour, data were reassessed, and then, the animals were allocated into two groups: HSG (hypertonic saline group, n=6), which received 4mL kg-1 of 7.5% NaCl, and HSCG (hypertonic saline, associated to HES 130/0,4 group n=6) which received 4mL kg-1 of 7.5% NaCl associated to 30ml kg-1 of HES 130/0.4. After the treatments, cardiovascular and hemogasometric parameters were assessed for 120 minutes. Systolic blood pressure (SAP), diastolic blood pressure (DAP), mean arterial pressure (MAP) were significantly higher after volemic expansion on HSG at T0. From T45 to T120, SAP, DAP and MAP were significantly higher in HSCG when compared to HSG. Central venous pressure was higher in HSCG up to T60. There were no significant differences between groups on heart rate, respiratory rate, Na+, K+, base excess, bicarbonate, hemoglobin saturation, glucose, PaCO2, PaO2 and pH. The administration of 7.5% NaCl, promoted a faster increase in MAP, SAP and DAP in cats with induced hypovolemia and these effects were maintained for 30 minutes while the administration of HES 130/0.4 in combination with 7.5% NaCl promoted a delayed reestablishment (30 minutes after treatment) of MAP, SAP and DAP in cats with induced hypovolemia, but lasting up to T120. The combination of HES 130/0.4 and NaCl 7.5% promoted a significant increase on CVP for up to 60 minutes after the treatment.

Avaliação dos parâmetros cardiorrespiratórios, hemogasométricos e da concentração plasmática de cortisol em bovinos submetidos à imobilização eletromagnética

The ways of immobilization generally used in cattle provide excessive manipulation and stress for the animal. The pain is an emotional experience and unpleasant sensation in combination with tissue damage. The new method of physical restraint for cattle uses low intensity electromagnetic waves, promising immobilization without stress or painful stimulation for the animals. The aim of this study is to evaluate of cardiorespiratory effects and plasmatic cortisol concentration of cattle submitted to electromagnetic immobilization. Six healthy cows with average weight of 300.3 ± 85.76 kg (mean ± SD) were assigned to two treatments in a randomized design with a 15-day interval between experiments GC (control group) and GI (immobilization group). Data are presented as mean + SD. The statistical analyses used the t-Test between groups, and ANOVA random block design between times into same group. All statistical analyses were performed using P<0.05 as a significant level. Evaluation moments: M1 (basal); M1: after withdrawal probe, M2 and M3 (30 and 60 minutes after M1 respectively). There was a significant increase of FC and f in M1, PAM in the moments (M1, M2, M3) and in the levels of plasmatic cortisol concentration in M1 e M2 in the immobilization group when to compared with the control group. It could be concluded that this electromagnetic immobilization is a method of physic restraint only, offers no anesthetic support and favors comfort and animal welfare.