Ryochi Fujii

Specific IGA antibody in nasal washes from patients with rotavirus infection

Des anticorps IgA specifiques sont mis en evidence, en phase de convalescence, dans le liquide de lavage nasal de 5 sur 33 enfants atteints dinfection a rotavirus

Zur Frhdiagnostik der tuberkulsen Meningitis mit Uranin (Fluorescein-Natrium)

Auf Grund nnserer seit 1948 an der hiesigen Universitgts-Kinderklinik gemachten Erfahrungen in der Therapie der Meningitis tubercnlosa haben wir bereits mitgeteilt, dal3 sich die kombinierte Anwendung des Streptomycin mit Promin viei giinstiger erwies als die alleinige Streptomycin-Behandlnng ~. D~zn babes wir noch gesagt, dab uns daran gelegen ist, zur Vermeidnng der Entstehung einer sonst st~rkere Sp~tfolgen hinterlassenden Meningoenceph~litis-Form nnd zngleich znr Besserung der therapeutischen Erfolge eine Frfihdi~gnostik der Meningitis tuberculos~ ~fzufinden, wodurch eine Friihbehandlnng dieser Kr~nkheit erst ermSglicht w~rde. Dnrch RSntgennntersuchungen erbr~chte ECKST~IS 2 den Beweis dafiir, d~13 der Hydrocephalus internus generell der Meningitis tubereulosa vorhergeht, nnd wies noeh darauf his, daleman sogar die Entwicklung einer Meningitis vor~nssagen kann. Friiher bezifferte sieh die Mortali~at dieser Erkr~nkung auf 100%, und der Ansbruch der Krankheit spraoh ftir den Ted, da d~mals noch zuverlgssige Behandlungsmethoden fehlten. Es seheinen anl~erordentlieh sp~rliehe Literaturangaben fiber die Friihdiagnostik der Krankheit vorzuliegen, zumindest liegen nns keine vor. Wir haben dnrch Untersuehnngen des Liquors meningitischer Kinder festgestellt, dal3 die Durchliissigkeit der Meninges [iir Uranin eines weitgehenden Parallr mit gem Krankheitsverlau/, besonders abet mit der Veri~nderung des Liquors zeigt, indem die l%rmeabilit~t der Blnt-Liquorschranke fiir Uranin schon zn einer Zeit, we noch keine Liquorver~nderungen eintreten, ~nsteigt. Dieser Umst~nd kann ohne weiteres znr Friihdiagnose der Meningitis tnberculosa herangezogen werden.

POSTSCRIPT TO THE PANEL DISCUSSION: PROPER DOSAGE OF KANAMYCIN FOR PREMATURE BABIES

The blood levels of kanamycin in premature babies were determined using Fujii-Grossman micromethod with Staph. 209 P as an indicator strain.2 FIGURE 1 indicates that almost similar curves of blood level were obtained among three babies weighing from 1170 to 1565 g on the 4th or 5th day after birth. The blood levels on the same babies with the same dose but on the 8th to the 10th day after birth (FIGURE 2). In two cases kanamycin disappeared within eight hours, but case H. R. took a different attitude, namely a higher peak and longer duration. At first a more rapid daily increase of body weight was suspected as the reason. FIGURE 3. On the 15th to 17th day after birth, blood levels were followed up on the same babies using a 20 mg/ kg intramuscular dose. In this experiment case H. R. alone showed the higher peak and prolonged blood level. Difference of the daily increase of body weight could not explain this phenomenon because all three babies increased their body weight in the same ratio. FIGURE 4 illustrates the blood level of five premature babies including previous three on the 25th to 30th day after birth. In this case H. R. shows rather the lowest peak and shortest prolongation, although all five cases demonstratea rather higher peak and longer duration of blood level as the dose injected was increased to 25-30 mg/kg. FIGURE 5 demonstrates the body-weight curves of the previous three babies up to 30 days after birth with special reference to urea-nitrogen titers and dietary protein intake (g/kg/day) a t the time of kanamycin blood level determination, in which abnormally high titers are shown in the square surrounded by thick lines. FIGURE 6 reveals similar curves in the remaining two cases. In every case abnormally high kanamycin levels are accompanied by high urea-nitrogen levels in the serum due to the high daily protein intake. The rate of urinary excretion and blood level of kanamycin was studied in a case K . Y. (FIGURE 7). On the 8th day after birth, 60.7 per cent of the administered doses were excreted within 24 hours. However on the 25th day afterbirth, the urinary excretion rate within 24 hours fell to 21.0 per cent, significantly lower than that on the 8th day. I t is, however, difficult to compare the excretion rates on these 2 days, since the baby received more than

Lysogeny of Streptococcus Pyogenes and Transduction of Drug Resistance to Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol and Macrolides Antibiotics with Phages Induced from Them

It has been noticed a wider distribution of tetracycline(TC) resistant Streptococcus pyogenes throughout Japan and the emergence of chloramphenicol(CM) resistant strains. Since 1968 type T-12 strains made up the greater number and macrolides resistant strains were first noticed in 1972.