S. Nurhashima

Strength of Adhesive T-Joint in Granulator Fluidization Bed at Elevated Temperature

This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation on mechanical characterization of adhesive T-joint in granulator fluidization bed at elevated temperature. This research aims to explore the suitability of adhesive bonding between stainless steel plate and perforated plate to replace plug weld in granulator fluidization bed. For this purpose, T-joint and bulk specimens were prepared for tensile loading tests, at different temperature. Measurement of the temperature-dependent of the tensile strength was conducted using thermostatic chamber attached to a universal testing machine for a range from room temperature to 100°C. The strength of adhesive T-joint decreases for temperatures over than 35°C. This is because at high temperature, the failure is determined by the changes of mechanical properties of adhesive. The results have shown that the strength of adhesive T-joint was affected by both temperature and bondline thickness. The objective of the present study was to examine a series of adhesively-bonded T-joints in tension at elevated temperatures between room temperature and 100°C having various bond thicknesses.

Strength of Adhesive T-Joint under Moisture Condition

In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted in order to determine the effect of moisture absorption at different adhesive thickness (i.e., 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mm) on strength of adhesive T-joint in urea granulator fluidization bed. In particular, T-joint specimens were exposed to three humidity conditions, namely, 80°C, 90°C, and 100°C at a constant time immersion of 15 minutes in water. Stainless steel plate and stainless steel perforated plate were joined by using a specific adhesive jig according to desired thickness. Tensile test was conducted by using universal tensile machine (UTM) at room temperature. The result obtained has enabled to explain the failure mechanisms and characteristics of adhesive T-joint with respect to moisture condition and bonding thickness. Epoxy adhesive with several weight percent of water absorption will degrade the physical properties of the adhesive. Moisture condition has some effect on the strength of the adhesive bonding. 1.0 mm of adhesive thickness provides the highest value of failure load. Experimental results indicated that failure load of adhesive T-joint at room and 90°C water temperature give higher value of strength if compared to water temperature at 80°C and 100°C.

Evaluation of Adhesive T-Joint Using Finite Element Analysis

This study evaluates the effect of temperature upon adhesive properties and behavior of adhesively bonded T-joint. Finite element analyses established the effect of this parameter on the durability joint and stress distribution within the adhesive layer. A series of temperatures and stress analyses using finite element analysis (FEA) has been conducted in the T-joint configuration for this purpose. The parametric studies on the FE model revealed that stress distributions are sensitive to the changes in adhesive properties due to changes in temperature. In general, stresses were reduced with changes in the temperature which resulted in the ability of the adhesive layer to undergo plastic deformation.

Failure Stress Analysis of Adhesive T-Joint under Moisture Condition

The use of adhesive structural in joining application offers the great demand due to its many advantages such as lightweight structures and flexible design. However, moisture provides significant problem and adverse effect on degrading the adhesive. The strength of the adhesive reduces because mechanical properties are known to reduce also with moisture environment. Therefore, this paper discusses about the adhesive T-joint test on specimen within moisture condition and specimen without moisture, at room temperature. Additionally, this study also analyses the failure stress when load is applied for both exposed conditions. Bulk specimens are compressed at room temperature, specimen without immersing in hot water, RT and specimen with immersing in three hot water conditions 80°C, 90°C, and 100°C at a constant time of 15 minutes. The adhesive of a 1.0mm thickness has been set for T-joint tensile test. Compression test revealed that mechanical properties of Young’s modulus decreased with the increase of water temperature. Experimental results indicated that the failure stress of adhesive T-joint at room temperature and 90°C was higher compared to that of specimen soaked in 80°C and 100°C of hot water. The behaviour of adhesive joint tests under static loading analysis of experiments and the finite element analysis using ANSYS 14.0 software have shown good agreement.

Finite Element Stress Analysis of Adhesive T-Joint with Crack in Fluidization Bed

In this study, adhesive T-joint with crack in urea granulator fluidization bed was analyzed by finite element (FE) analysis. Objectives of this project were to examine a series of adhesively bonded T- joints with crack under mode I loading, to evaluate stress analysis of adhesive T-joint with crack at top and bottom and to identify the effective bond thickness. The path was drawn in ANSYS at the top and bottom of adhesive from side view to find which part has higher stress. The result of both paths top and bottom analysis shows the stress distribution always higher at both edges. So, the crack was inserted at interface edges and the stress distribution was evaluated. From interface edges stress distribution result of top and bottom, it shows that bottom edge has higher stress compare with top edge. The failure load analysis will compare with other analysis and experiment result. It is found that adhesive T-joint with 1.5mm is the best thickness for granulator fluidization bed application because always has higher failure load.

Tensile Shear Strength of Wood Adhesive from Recycled Polystyrene

This paper discloses a method to recycle polystyrene (PS) waste by adding ethanol based hydrocarbons solvent to produce a novel adhesive for wood joining application. In the experiments, tensile shear strength of wood lap joint having various overlap lengths was conducted. It was found that this new adhesive has significant shear strength as compared to commercial wood adhesive. This relatively low cost adhesive has potential to be used for wood joining application especially in marine structures.

3D Finite Element Stress Analysis of Butt Adhesively Bonded Dissimilar Joint: Effect of Bond Thickness on Strength

The butt joint is the most studied type of adhesive joints in the literature. However, the joint strength prediction of joints is still a controversial issue as it involves a lot of factors that are difficult to quantify such as the yielding of the adherend, the plasticity of the adhesive and the bondline thickness. The present work is concerned with the three dimensional (3D) finite element stress analysis of butt adhesively bonded dissimilar joint. The objective of the present study was to analyse the effect of bond thickness on mechanical strength of butt adhesively bonded dissimilar joint. Aluminum alloy and steel were selected and five thicknesses were studied for each adherend: 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 mm respectively. In order to quantify the influence of bondline thickness, adherend and durability of the butt joint, the 3D finite element models of ANSYS used to obtain the stress distributions. Mechanical properties of adhesive were determined by tensile test and ANSYS analysis. A statistical analysis of simulation results shows that the butt joint strength becomes stronger while the bondline gets thinner and adhesive gets tougher.

Experimental Investigation and FE Stress Analysis of Adhesive T-Joint with and without Crack in Fluidization Bed

In this study, investigation on adhesive T-joint with and without crack in urea granulator fluidization bed was carried out by experiment and finite element (FE) analysis. Specimens with and without crack were made from actual size of 1.25 mm perforated plate to duplicate actual structure of granulator fluidization bed and verified using commercial finite element. The existence of crack will affect the strength of adhesive T-joint. The objectives of this project were to examine a series of adhesively bonded T-joints with and without crack under mode I loading, to identify the effective bond thickness by tensile testing and FE analysis. It was found that result pattern from experiment was in agreement with FE analysis.

Strength of Three-Point-Bending Ductile Adhesive Joint With Dissimilar Adherents

In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted in order to determine the effect of different adhesive thickness (i.e., 0.1, 0.5, 0.7 and 1 mm) on strength of ductile adhesive joint. The study scope covers both experiment and analysis. In particular, two different types of material, aluminum and stainless steel as adherents were used and joined by using a specific adhesive jig. By using universal tensile machine (UTM), three-point-bending (3PB) test was conducted. To obtain the result from the experiment, continuous load is applied to the adhesive until the adhesive become fracture. The result obtained has enabled the clarification of failure behavior mechanisms and characteristics of adhesive bonding.

Study on Influence of Moisture Absorption Strength of Adhesive T-Joint

Adhesive is commonly required to fulfil an explicit mechanical role where mechanical properties can affect their performance. The mechanical properties of adhesive are known to vary with moisture content. This paper presents a study of moisture absorption epoxy adhesive joint as alternative to welding joint in urea granulator chamber. Welding joint requires high skills to avoid joint failure. In particular, bulk specimens were exposed to three humidity conditions, namely, 80OC, 90OC, and 100OC at a constant time immersion of 15 minutes in water. Compression test revealed that Young modulus decreased with increasing water temperature. Moisture condition has some effect on the strength of the adhesive bonding with certain thickness. 1.0 mm of adhesive thickness provides the highest value failure load for every thickness and conditional water temperature. Experimental result indicated that failure load of adhesive T-joint at room and 90OC water temperature give relatively high value of strength if compared to water temperature at 80OC and 100OC.