S. Rodaski

Expresión de la ciclooxigenasa-2 en los carcinomas mamarios caninos primarios metastásicos y no metastásicos

Teniendo en cuenta la relacion de la ciclooxigenasa-2 (COX-2) con la progresion del cancer, el objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar la expresion de la COX-2 en los carcinomas mamarios primarios, metastasicos y no metastasicos en perras. La evaluacion de la expresion de COX-2 fue realizada por inmunohistoquimica, utilizando anticuerpo policlonal primario anti-PGHS-2, clon PG 27, (Oxford Biomedical Research). El numero de celulas marcadas por el anticuerpo COX-2 fue significativamente mayor (P < 0.001) en los carcinomas primarios metastasicos (81,25%) comparados con los no metastasicos (60,3%). Existe correlacion positiva entre el numero de celulas marcadas COX-2 y el grado de invasion tumoral (carcinoma mamario primario metastasico y no metastasico).

STUDIES CORRELATING FREQUENCY OF SEX, BREED, AGE AND HISTOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF CANCER IN DOGS

The number of cancer bearing dogs is increasing at clinics and Veterinary Hospitals. This high incidence of cancer in dogs may be regarded with several reasons. First of all, the longevity observed in pets now a day. Factors as nutrition with balanced diets, vaccines, precise method of diagnosis and specific therapeutic protocols are also contributing for longevity. The aim of this study is correlate cancer with animals assisted at the Federal University of Parana Veterinary Hospital between February of 1995 to February of 2001, and correlate frequency of cancer with sex, breed, age and histological classification of the disease. According to the statistic studies carried out, female dogs were more affected with cancer than male, accounting as much as 71,5% of the total. German Shepherd, Poodle and Boxer dogs displayed a tendency to tumor growth. Cancer of skin were the most common tumor observed. Mammary glands tumors account for 48,3% of all neoplasms observed in female dogs, 70,9% of them being malignant tumors. In this study mast cell tumor was observed with high prevalence in Boxers. The incidence of cancer related with age showed more predisposition in dogs with age between 7 and 11 years old. The finding of high number of dogs with cancer as shown during this research demonstrates the increasing importance of Oncology for Veterinarians, a specialty that became a demand in the labor market.

ALOPECIA IN DOGS SUBMITTED TO A COMBINED CHEMOTHERAPY WITH DOXORUBICIN AND CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE

The goal for cancer chemotherapy is restore health while maintaining a good quality of life. Because common side effects of chemotherapy owners generally do not allow their pets to be treated. The objective of this report is to describe the difficulties found by veterinary doctors when proposing chemotherapy. The excessive concern with toxic effect of anticancer chemotherapy is a limiting factor for owners to authorize it. In the last two years 11 dogs and cats were submitted to chemotherapy at UFPR Veterinary Hospital. Almost all owners were extremely apprehensive with the treatment because, in general, they associate chemotherapy with suffering, mutilation and death. Unfortunately, the cytotoxic drugs will affect bone marrow cells, neurological, digestive, renal, heart and others systems. In general, alopecia, in spite of being reversible, is the worst side effect observed by the owners. Because of that, they did not agree with the treatment. In the observations for the present study it was observed that alopecia occurrs more intensely in some breeds of dogs, such as poodles and cockers treated with cyclophosfamide and doxorubicin. Initial hairless in these dogs began around the 20th day after the chemotherapy was initiated and it was confined to the head. Subsequently, hair loss in these dogs occurred over the ventral neck, thorax, abdomen, and over the proximal inner surface of the limbs. During chemotherapy the owner were advised to avoid exposing their pets under the sun between 10 AM and 4 PM because of the possibility of photosensitive reactions and skin hiperpigmentation. Otherwise, the use of shampoos and brushes, the protection of the animals with clothes during the winter time, the maintaining of the pets in locals free from chemical products and sharp objects that could be pruridic and promote skin lesions, respectively were other precautions taken. Alopecia is a depressive factor, that affects the image and social relationship, being considered by the patient as the most devastating and terrible side effect of chemotherapy. Because of that its easily to understand the excessive concern of owners with this side effect. In conclusion, Veterinary doctors should explain to the owners about transient hairless and do not permit esthetic patterns interfere in therapeutic decisions.

MEDIASTINAL AND MULTICENTRIC LYMPHOSARCOMA IN A CAT WITH 8 MONTHS YEARS OLD - CASE REPORT

Lymphosarcoma accounts for up to 90% of the hematopoietc tumors in canines and felines with higher incidence in cats, with an estimated of 200 cases/ 1.000.000 cats at risk. Lymphosarcoma that follows infection with the feline leukemia virus usually develops the tumors in 2 years old cats. The present case report has the objective to report a mediastinal and multicentric lymphosarcoma in a 8 month old cat. An 8 months old male, not neutered cat was taken to the UFPR Veterinary Hospital because its apathy, anorexia and exercise intolerance observed in the preceeding week. It was observed decreased in lungs sounds, and at palpation test it was observed a mat sound. Because the patient’s bad condition the owner did not authorize complementary exams for the diagnosis and opted for euthanasia. At the necropsy it was observed a cancer at cranial and caudal mediastinal, liver and spleen. The histophatologic exam showed a mediastinal lymphosarcoma with hepatic and splenic involvement. In conclusion, lymphoid tumors in cats can develop in young animals, however the literature accounts them for older animals.