Sabrina Martins Barroso

Predictors of subjective burden for families of psychiatric patients treated in the public health care system in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

This study investigated the predictors of subjective burden for families of psychiatric patients. We interviewed 150 relatives of patients randomly selected in four mental health care services in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Subjects were interviewed with the Family Burden Interview Schedule (FBIS-BR) and a standardized socio-demographic questionnaire. Variables were grouped into thematic categories and separately analyzed to determine the relative importance of predictive factors. The results showed that subjective burden is influenced by objective burden and by factors related to the patients clinical condition, the caregivers and patients living and health conditions and financial status, and increased demand for information on mental illness. Subjective burden was less when the caregiver practiced leisure and religious activities, publicly admitted to being the caregiver of a psychiatric patient, and had positive feelings toward the patient. The findings highlight the need to include family follow-up in the community model for psychiatric care.

Competência social de psicóticos: o comportamento de olhar nas fases de escuta e de elocução de interações sociais

Investigou-se o comportamento de olhar nas fases de escuta e elocucao de interacoes sociais de 35 pacientes psicoticos comparativamente a 35 sujeitos nao-clinicos. Dois observadores treinados observaram os sujeitos em 4 situacoes sociais de fazer e receber criticas, em desempenho de papeis, gravados em video. Variou-se o tipo de situacao e o genero do interlocutor. Os resultados mostraram maior duracao e frequencia de olhar o interlocutor e maior fixidez do olhar no grupo dos pacientes. Ambos os grupos olharam mais o interlocutor na escuta do que na elocucao, tal como esperado, tendo os pacientes discriminado menos as fases. Ambos os grupos olharam menos para o interlocutor aos receber do que ao fazer criticas e olharam menos para o interlocutor masculino do que feminino. Estes resultados replicam dados de outros pesquisadores e sugerem uma dificuldade dos pacientes em processos cognitivos envolvidos nas interacoes sociais e resolucao de problemas.

Competência social de psicóticos: o comportamento de alternância da fala em situações de fazer e receber críticas

Investigou-se o comportamento de alternância da fala de 35 participantes psicoticos comparativamente a 35 participantes nao-clinicos. Dois observadores treinados observaram-nos interagindo com interlocutores treinados em quatro situacoes sociais de fazer e receber criticas em desempenho de papeis gravados em video. Variaram-se o tipo de situacao e o genero do interlocutor. Os resultados significativos mostraram que o grupo clinico deixou de alternar sua fala com a do interlocutor com mais frequencia do que o grupo nao-clinico e teve mais alternâncias curtas, monossilabicas e apenas com sons, assim como menor numero de palavras por alternância. O grupo clinico apresentou maior proporcao de alternâncias descontextualizadas e de conteudo verbal insuficiente, assim como maior numero de pausas. Ambos os grupos apresentaram mais disturbios no momento da alternância ao receber do que ao fazer criticas e alternâncias mais longas frente ao interlocutor masculino. Esses resultados replicam dados de outros pesquisadores em outros contextos culturais e indicam quais dimensoes especificas da alternância da fala necessitam ser focalizadas no treinamento de habilidades sociais de pacientes psiquiatricos.

Factors associated with the subjective well-being in married and unmarried people = Fatores associados ao Bem-Estar Subjetivo em pessoas casadas e solteiras

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of Subjective Well-Being in married and unmarried people. Three independent groups of people (married couples, singles dating, and singles not dating), selected using convenience sampling (n = 374), participated in this study. The instruments used were: Subjective Well-being Scale, Parental Conjugality Questionnaire, and Factorial Scale of Couple Relationship Satisfaction. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and comparison between the groups investigated. It was found that physical attraction and sexual satisfaction are associated with the Subjective Well-Being in married people. The perception of parental conjugality was the factor most strongly associated with the Subjective Well-Being in single people and the whole sample. Although parental conjugality proved to be important to promote the well-being of adults, marital experiences can reduce the impact on family-of-origin experiences, breaking the initial bonds that were considered negative. Further studies are needed to support these findings.

Evidências de validade da Escala Brasileira de Solidão UCLA

Objetivo Este trabalho investigou as evidencias de validade da Escala de Solidao UCLA para aplicacao na populacao brasileira. Metodos Foram seguidas as fases: (1) autorizacao do autor e do Comite de Etica; (2) traducao e retrotraducao; (3) adaptacao semântica; (4) validacao. Utilizou-se para analise dos dados analise descritiva, fatorial exploratoria, alpha de Cronbach, Kappa, teste de esfericidade de Barlett, teste Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin e correlacao de Pearson. Para a adaptacao, a escala foi submetida a especialistas e a um grupo focal com 8 participantes para adaptacao semântica e a um estudo piloto com 126 participantes para adaptacao transcultural. Da validacao, participaram 818 pessoas, entre 20 e 87 anos, que responderam a duas versoes da UCLA, ao Questionario de Saude do Paciente, a Escala de Percepcao de Suporte Social e a um questionario elaborado pelos autores. Resultados A escala mostrou dois fatores, que explicaram 56% da variância e alpha de 0,94. Conclusoes A Escala de Solidao UCLA-BR indicou evidencias de validade de construto e discriminante, alem de boa fidedignidade, podendo ser utilizada para avaliacao da solidao na populacao brasileira.

Fatores associados ao bem-estar subjetivo em pessoas casadas e solteiras

The aim of this study was to investigate the predictors of Subjective Well-Being in married and unmarried people. Three independent groups of people (married couples, singles dating, and singles not dating), selected using convenience sampling (n = 374), participated in this study. The instruments used were: Subjective Well-being Scale, Parental Conjugality Questionnaire, and Factorial Scale of Couple Relationship Satisfaction. The data were evaluated using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and comparison between the groups investigated. It was found that physical attraction and sexual satisfaction are associated with the Subjective Well-Being in married people. The perception of parental conjugality was the factor most strongly associated with the Subjective Well-Being in single people and the whole sample. Although parental conjugality proved to be important to promote the well-being of adults, marital experiences can reduce the impact on family-of-origin experiences, breaking the initial bonds that were considered negative. Further studies are needed to support these findings.

Relações entre Conjugalidade dos Pais, Conjugalidade dos Filhos e Bem-Estar Subjetivo

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relacion existente entre la medida de conyugalidad de los padres, segun la percepcion de los hijos casados, y medidas de bienestar subjetivo y de satisfaccion en las relaciones amorosas presentadas por esos hijos. Los participantes fueron 118 brasilenos casados hacia 16,17 (DP = 9,98) anos, y edad media de 41,55 (DP = 10,01). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Escala de Bienestar Subjetivo, Cuestionario de Conyugalidad de los padres y Escala Factorial de Satisfaccion con el relacionamiento de la pareja. Se calcularon correlaciones entre las medidas de las variables continuas de los factores de los instrumentos, por medio del coeficiente de Spearman, que senalaron que la percepcion de los hijos sobre el matrimonio de los padres no esta relacionada con las demas variables. La satisfaccion en el relacionamiento marital se correlaciono satisfactoriamente con los afectos positivos, dejando en evidencia la necesidad de considerar las transformaciones individuales a partir de la propia experiencia marital.

Orthorexia nervosa in nutrition students: association with nutritional status, body satisfaction and coursed period

Objective: To identify the prevalence of orthorexia nervosa (ON)’s risky behaviors and their association with nutritional status, body satisfaction and coursed period in nutrition students. Methods: The study included 141 students (mean age 21.5 ± 3.5 years). The risk behavior to ON was assessed by using the questionnaire to identify ON (ORTHO-15) and body satisfaction with the Body Shape Questionnaire. The classification of nutritional status was evaluated by BMI (kg.m). Association between variables was evaluated by chi-square test (p < 0.05). Results: Eating behaviors at risk for ON were identified in 87.2% of students. Students with ON had more body dissatisfaction (χ = 7.48; p = 0.005) and overweight (χ = 6.56; p = 0.010). No association was observed between the ON and coursed period. Conclusion: The results show that Nutrition students seem to be a population at a particular risk for ON, regardless

Escala Brasileira de Solidão: Análises de Resposta ao Item e definição dos pontos de corte

Objective This study aimed to study the characteristics of the items of Brazilian Loneliness Scale UCLA (UCLA-BR) and define its the cutoff points to the Brazilian context by the Item Response Theory. Methods It was used the Politonic Graded Response model on the 20 items of UCLA-BR answered by 1,438 participants in six states in Brazil. The discrimination capacity and item difficulties were estimated as well as the scale cutoff points. Results UCLA-BR showed to have good capacity to provide information about loneliness. Sixteen items had high or very high discrimination capacity and four showed moderate discrimination. The cutoff points were defined. Conclusions UCLA-BR showed good psychometric indexes. The Item Response Theory made possible the analysis of psychometric qualities of instruments.

Relaciones entre la Conyugalidad de los Padres, Conyugalidad de los Hijos y Bienestar Subjetivo

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la relacion existente entre la medida de conyugalidad de los padres, segun la percepcion de los hijos casados, y medidas de bienestar subjetivo y de satisfaccion en las relaciones amorosas presentadas por esos hijos. Los participantes fueron 118 brasilenos casados hacia 16,17 (DP = 9,98) anos, y edad media de 41,55 (DP = 10,01). Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: Escala de Bienestar Subjetivo, Cuestionario de Conyugalidad de los padres y Escala Factorial de Satisfaccion con el relacionamiento de la pareja. Se calcularon correlaciones entre las medidas de las variables continuas de los factores de los instrumentos, por medio del coeficiente de Spearman, que senalaron que la percepcion de los hijos sobre el matrimonio de los padres no esta relacionada con las demas variables. La satisfaccion en el relacionamiento marital se correlaciono satisfactoriamente con los afectos positivos, dejando en evidencia la necesidad de considerar las transformaciones individuales a partir de la propia experiencia marital.