Saifuddin Sirajuddin

Risk Analysis Toxic Materials Borax and Rhodamine-B in Snack Against Primary School Children's Health in Housing Area of Tamalanrea Permai Makassar

This research aimed to investigate the risks of borax toxic materials and rhodamine-B in snack against the health of the Primary School Pupils in Perumahan Bumi Tamalanrea Permai Makassar.The research type was an observational research with the design of the Environment Health Risk Analysis (EHRA). The samples of the subjects comprised 107 pupils and the samples of objects comprised 7 types of traditional snack. The data collection was carried out with examining the samples in laboratory and through interviews and the direct measurement or respondents.The research results indicated that the snack sold in the area of SD Inpres Tamalanrea I and SD Inpres Tamalanrea V was free of borax. However, some of the snack sold in the area of SD Inpres Tamalanrea I and SD Inpres Tamalanrea V still contained Rhodamine-B, such as doger ice (0,5840 mg/L) and print ice (24,587 mg/L) taken from SD Inpres Tamalanrea I, and crackers (58,534 mg/L) taken from SD Inpres Tamalanrea V. The primary school pupils who had the highest intake were those pupils who consumed crackers containing Rhodamine-B from SD Inpres Tamalanrea V, which was 7,839 mg/kg/day, while the pupils who had the lowest intake were the pupils who cosumed doger ice containing borax from SD Inpres Tamalnrea I, which was 0,2067 mg/kg/day. Based on the result of the RQ calculation, the Rhodamine-B content in the snack against the health of the primary school pupils in Perumahan Bumi Tamalanrea Permai indicated that each of the samples containing the Rhodamine-B had the RQ value > 1. Meaning it had a risk against the children who consumed it..

Physical activity is associated with lower blood glucose level in high school teachers in Palu, Indonesia

Physical activity refers to the body movements produced by skeletal muscles that generate energy above the resting level. Physical activity is commonly done repeatedly over a long period of time which is essential for maintaining physical and mental health, as well as quality of life to stay healthy and fit throughout the day. Engaging in exercise program indeed has been recommended as a costrategy to prevent various chronic diseases. A prospective study indicated that various types of physical activity may prevent diabetes. It was stated that physical activity equal to 20 MET-hours/week may reduce the risk of diabetes by 15%. Thus, doing physical activity in spare time may prevent and delay the progression of pre-diabetes to diabetes mellitus (DM). Exercises promotes reduction in blood glucose concentration through increased glucose uptake by body tissues. Meanwhile, in overweight or obese individuals, lack in exercise will result in increased level of blood sugar. High blood lipid which was often experienced by ABSTRACT