Sandra Escamilla Solano

Smart Cities and Sustainable Development. A Case Study

Cities are the economic engines of the future due to the great migration that occurs in rural environments, and more than 60 % of the world’s population will live in cities by 2030. These circumstances may lead to an unsustainable growth. Sustainability must be understood from a multidisciplinary perspective taking into account all the players involved. Under this premise new urban developments arise, called smart cities, where it works to develop sustainable management. This article has two goals: first, to contribute to the state of the art in the theory of smart cities and second, to complete the limited academic research in this field of study. In order achieve those goals, three Spanish smart cities were analyzed because of their strategy for sustainable management. The methodology used is the study of multiple holistic cases. Pillars and variables must be considered in the smart cities, based on the Spanish Network of Smart Cities, the White Book of Smart Cities, MIT and sets Sustainable Cities Index. This study tries to see if the smart cities of the sample disclose information about the variables defined. The main conclusion shows that environmental management, governance and entrepreneurship and citizen participation are mainstays of any smart city. The limitations found are that the analyzed information is only displayed on their websites and access to information is limited. A future line of research will highlight the potential advantages of the cities that are considered sustainable compared to those which are not.

Effect of the Spanish Sovereign Risk Premium on the IBEX 35. Evolution 2000–2016

In a global world such as we live today, where any economic, social or environmental news affects not only the country where it originates, but it extends as a domino effect, it has a consequence that the information disclosure by the public institutions are must adequate to mitigate the impact that may be in their investors. The risk premium has become a fundamental element in analyzing the confidence that is deposited in the countries. Every day sees its fluctuation according to the news which are disclosed in both the economic and general press. Therefore, the objective of this work will be to analyze the relationship that the Spanish risk premium has in the IBEX 35. To do this, the period 2000 to 2016 will be taken as the basis of study. Notably as a main conclusion that the relationship between both variables exists, but not with the expected intensity.

The Business Legitimacy and Its Relationship with the Corporate Social Responsibility: Analysis of Mexico and Spain Through the Case Method

The main objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between corporate social responsibility and social legitimacy. This is to fill the existing gap in the literature on legitimacy, in relation to the lack of empirical studies linking social responsibility with legitimacy. In order to analyze the relationships raised, we use an inductive methodology, for it will carry out a case study on the eight companies, three Mexican and five Spanish, included in the Fortune World’s Most Admired Companies for the period 2011–2012. The main finding that can be drawn is that it shows that there is a positive relationship between CSR and social legitimacy to business results. Also given the limited literature and research in Spanish companies, this study has demonstrated that Spanish companies also support these relationships, that is, both the social legitimacy as CSR can bring value to the results of the company. From a strategic point of view, managers might consider legitimacy within its strategic objectives. Managers must realize that not being able to manage legitimacy could involve the loss of it. It is no coincidence that companies with greater decreases of legitimacy are those with more internal and external problems. The main contribution of the study is to fill the gap in literature on legitimacy that relates to CSR as well as the lack of empirical studies in this field.