Sang-Jun Yea

Temporal Ontology Language for Representing and Reasoning Interval-Based Temporal Knowledge

W3C Web Ontology working group has recently developed OWL as an ontology language for the Semantic Web. However, because OWL does not have the full-fledged semantics for temporal information, it cannot perform reasoning about temporal knowledge. Entities in the real world are changing according to the passage of time and new facts are occurring due to events. If knowledge in the KBs does not have the temporal information, it becomes incomplete and incorrect. Therefore, we in this paper propose an ontology language TL-OWL, which extends OWL to have the temporal semantics in order to represent and reason the temporal information in the Semantic Web.

A data mining approach to selecting herbs with similar efficacy: Targeted selection methods based on medical subject headings (MeSH)

ETHNO-PHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Natural products have long been the most important source of ingredients in the discovery of new drugs. Moreover, since the Nagoya Protocol, finding alternative herbs with similar efficacy in traditional medicine has become a very important issue. Although random selection is a common method of finding ethno-medicinal herbs of similar efficacy, it proved to be less effective; therefore, this paper proposes a novel targeted selection method using data mining approaches in the MEDLINE database in order to identify and select herbs with a similar degree of efficacy. MATERIALS AND METHODS From among sixteen categories of medical subject headings (MeSH) descriptors, three categories containing terms related to herbal compounds, efficacy, toxicity, and the metabolic process were selected. In order to select herbs of similar efficacy in a targeted way, we adopted the similarity measurement method based on MeSH. In order to evaluate the proposed algorithm, we built up three different validation datasets which contain lists of original herbs and corresponding medicinal herbs of similar efficacy. RESULTS The average area under curve (AUC) of the proposed algorithm was found to be about 500% larger than the random selection method. We found that the proposed algorithm puts more hits at the front of the top-10 list than the random selection method, and precisely discerns the efficacy of the herbs. It was also found that the AUC of the experiments either remained the same or increased slightly in all three validation datasets as the search range was increased. CONCLUSION This study reveals and proves that the proposed algorithm is significantly more accurate and efficient in finding alternative herbs of similar efficacy than the random selection method. As such, it is hoped that this approach will be used in diverse applications in the ethno-pharmacology field.

Design and Implementation of Statistics System for Traditional Korean Medicine

The statistics of traditional korean medicine is essential aspects for the information based policy establishment and the evidence based traditional korean medicine research. But because the integrated statistics service of traditional korean medicine is not provided, people are hard to find out suitable statistics. Thus we analyzed the produced statistics from many ministries, classified it into 7 categories and extracted common fields from it. We designed the database schema by summary table dynamic production method from the analysis of statistics and designed the system composed of excel import, statistics analysis, chart creation and search engine. Finally we implemented the statistics system of traditional korean medicine which users are capable of modifying the statistics data freely. We hope that the implemented system will provide pliability in searching and finding statistical information.

Mash-up System for Searching Herb using Herb Ontology

We propose a mash-up system for searching herb, which can search the herbal information in oriental medicine fields using the various Open APIs. We in particular developed and opened two Open APIs which enable to search papers and projects in oriental medicine fields with the general Open APIs. These Open APIs can share and provide the expert knowledge in oriental medicine fields. The information for a herb in oriental medicine fields has various names and descriptions according to their sources unlike other fields. Thus, it is hard to get the results using one or two keywords such as the general search engines. To solve this problem, we in this paper propose a way to provide the more exact and extensive search results using the herb ontology with one hundred herbal information in oriental medicine fields.

Semantic Search System based on Korean Medicine Ontology

We in this paper propose a semantic search system based on Korean medicine ontology. Semantic search augments search results and improves search accuracy by understanding which concept denotes terms which users is trying to find. Our semantic search system also provides these semantic search capabilities. Moreover, search scenarios which is meaningful in Korean medicine are designed and implemented by analyzing the semantics of Korean medicine ontology. Therefore, our system can help users find the useful search results with respect to Korean medicine by providing the more meaningful information as well as the connected information in ontology.

Comparative analysis of web search trends between experts and public for medicinal herbs in Korea

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The information and knowledge about ethno-medicinal herbs are getting stronger interest in Global and Korea after the agreement of the Nagoya Protocol. However, it is known that there is a serious asymmetry of ethno-medicinal information between experts and public, thus this study aimed to analyze the similarities and differences in interest between experts and public for medicinal herbs in Korea through big data analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medicinal herbs selected in this study were the top 10 herbs in terms of the amounts purchased by TKM centers. And two representative web search engines were selected to collect the web search logs, i.e. big data, of experts and public for medicinal herbs in Korea. Comparative analysis was accomplished through descriptive statistical analysis, Pearsons correlation coefficient, and time-series graph analysis. RESULTS The web search traffic logs were collected for the past three years (2012-2014) from OASIS and NAVER, which are the representative web search engines of experts and public respectively in Korea. First, regarding OASIS, the most searched medicinal herb was Angelicae Gigantis Radix while the least searched was Alismatis Rhizoma; for NAVER, the most searched medicinal herb was Paeoniae Radix, unlike OASIS, and the least searched was Alismatis Rhizoma, as with OASIS. The coefficient between rank of herbs and OASIS was -0.401, and that between rank of herbs and NAVER was -0.387, and the correlational coefficient for web search trends of OASIS and NAVER during the past three years was 0.438. Also the correlation of interest between experts and public for each herb on monthly web trends basis was similar with regard to Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and Angelicae Gigantis Radix, but different with regard to the other 8 medicinal herbs. Finally, significant outcomes or suggestions were figured out through time-series graph analysis. CONCLUSION This study presents meaningful results concerning the similarities and differences in interest between experts and public for popular medicinal herbs in Korea. Contrary to the common assumption that there exists big different interest between experts and public, this study revealed that there is apparent similar interest between experts and public on popular medicinal herbs in Korea.

Picking out herbs with analogous efficacy based on MeSH semantic similarity

Since Nagoya protocol is entering into force, it has become very important issue to find alternative herb with similar efficacy. To find out alternative herbs, we adopted MeSH which contains semantic information derived from papers in the MEDLINE database which covers the medical, pharmaceutical, and biological worldwide research. Among 16 categories of MeSH, we chose 3 categories which are related to herbal efficacy. And we surveyed the advanced research addressing the MeSH semantic measure and selected the most accurate measure which is validated from the research. And we designed the algorithm which is composed of three steps; first we build corpus using MeSH tags of papers which are dealing with 4176 species of native Korean plants. Second we search papers of target herb and native plants respectively using scientific names and extract MeSH tags in it. Third we calculate the similarity between target herb and each native plant using MeSH similarity. In this paper, we proposed the algorithm to find out the herbs with similar efficacy. Now we are under implementation of the algorithm and are going to do in vitro experiments to measure the accuracy of algorithm.

Construction of Social Network Ontology in Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine

We in this paper propose a social network based on ontology in Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM). By using the social network, researchers can find collaborators and share research results with others. For this purpose, first, personal profiles, scholarships, careers, licenses, academic activities, research results, and personal connections for all of researchers in KIOM are collected. After relationship and hierarchy among ontology classes and attributes of classes are defined through analyzing the collected information, a social network ontology are constructed using FOAF and OWL. This ontology can be easily interconnected with other social network by FOAF and provide the reasoning based on OWL ontology.

Credibility of Korea Oriental Medicine Web Sites

We analyzed 53 representative Korea oriental medicine web sites to measure the credibility and satisfaction using objective valuation basis. First we analyzed qualitatively the general sites` characteristics composed of operational status, kernel service, organization and payment. Secondly we calculated the sites` credibility categorized as expertise factors, trustworthiness factors, sponsorship factors and other factors to deduce the key factor. we expect the result can be used as the indicator for developer to improve the Korea oriental medicine web sites. And we expect the result can be used as the objective credibility for the web user to confirm the contents of Korea oriental medicine web sites.

Design of Models for the Korean Traditional Medicine Research Trend Analysis System

The researchers and planners are using patent/paper map system to analyze the research trend, but we can`t use the existing analysis system because of the specialty of korean traditional medicine. Thus we deduced the analysis models from preceding research and system and designed 14 analysis models which are composed of basic, detail and complex models. We verified the analysis models using papers which has `meridian` keyword among 16,000 papers stored in OASIS. From the analysis result, we know that the meridian study has just entered in the maturity and is closely related with other parts of korean traditional medicine as physiology etc. And we verified the proposed analysis model from the comparison with the analysis models of preceding systems. The analysis model will be used for the development of Korean traditional medicine paper map analysis service scenario and system.