Saul Goldenberg

Successful Fetal Surgery for the Repair of a ‘Myelomeningocele-Like’ Defect Created in the Fetal Rabbit

Objective: To study the correction of a ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect in fetal rabbits. Methods: Twelve pregnant rabbits had a spinal defect surgically created in 40 of their fetuses at 23 days of gestation. Immediate repair was performed in 30 fetuses (group I), and 10 remained uncorrected (group II). After 30 days, the fetuses were harvested and the anatomopathological aspects where compared using Fisher’s exact test. Results: Three different techniques to apply a cellulose graft were used for correction in 8 (technique A), 7 (technique B), and 15 animals (technique C), but only one (technique C) was successful. The survival rate at 30 days was 66.7% (10/15) in group I and 80% (8/10) in group II. A ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect was present in all fetuses in group II, while in group I the defect was successfully repaired in 80% of the surviving fetuses (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The surgically created spinal defect was successfully repaired, and also the fetal rabbit could be established as a model for the study of intrauterine correction of a myelomeningocele-like defect.

Critérios de autoria em trabalhos científicos: um assunto polêmico e delicado

Aspects related to the authorship of scientific publications, inherent responsibilities, unethical practices and criteria for definition are discussed in this article. Moreover, the article presents a reflection on the role of editors of scientific journals in respect to inpproper authorship, reinforcing the importance of the issue and suggesting ethical criteria for its determination.

A Different Technique to Create a ‘Myelomeningocele-Like’ Defect in the Fetal Rabbit

Objective: To evaluate the fetal survival rate using a modified technique to surgically create a ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect in a rabbit model. Methods: Six white New Zealand rabbits had a spinal defect created in their fetuses at 23 days of gestation. At 30 days of gestation, the fetuses were harvested for anatomo-pathologic evaluation. Results: The defect was created in 19 fetuses and an attempt to correct it was made in 15 cases (group I), and 4 fetuses where left without correction (group II). At 30 days, a ‘myelomeningocele-like’ defect was present in all surviving fetuses. The total survival rate was 73.68% (14/19); 11 fetus survived in group I and 3 in group II. Conclusion: The technical modifications, including fetal positioning and exposure of its back prior to the incision of the lamina, associated with a different technique for myometrium closure, offer an alternative and probably safer method to surgically create a spinal defect in the fetal rabbit.

EFEITO DO DICLOFENACO DE SÓDIO NA CICATRIZAÇÃO DA PAREDE ABDOMINAL DE RATOS

The aim of the experiment was to do a valuation of the effect of the sodium diclofenac on the collagenous sinthesis in abdominal wall healing. It was used 40 male Wistar rats to do longitudinal laparotomies with a standardized technique, divided into 2 groups: One without the drug (control group) and another group wich were administrated sodium diclofenac (3mg/kg) every day for 4 days. In the 7th and 14th postoperative day, 10 animals of each group were submitted to euthanasia and the front abdominal wall involving the scar was removed to be prepared to hystological analysis. The segments were prepared with Hematoxilyn-Eosin and Picrosirius Red F3BA, in order to do either a general view of healing process or a quantitative valuation of collagenous. The resultant data were submitted to statistical analysis. It was conclued that the abdominal wall scar in rats treated with sodium diclofenac had less collagenous fibres in the 7th and 14th postoperative days than rats from the control group.

Estudo comparativo das reações teciduais à implantação de silicone e politetrafluoroetileno no dorso de ratos

A importância das bioproteses na medicina abrange diversas areas cirurgicas. Com o objetivo de comparar a reacao tecidual do implante de silicone, um dos mais utilizados, com o implante de politetrafluoroetileno expandido (PTFE-E), de uso mais recente, nos propusemos a realizar este estudo. Foram utilizados trinta ratos (Rattus norvegicus albinus) machos, distribuidos em tres grupos iguais, com implantes de fragmentos discoides dos materiais citados, no dorso de cada rato. Os grupos diferiram entre si quanto ao periodo de eutanasia: tres, sete e trinta dias. Com base no modelo experimental e utilizando metodologia morfometrica, do ponto de vista histologico nao houve reacao inflamatoria aguda importante que se pudesse correlacionar aos materiais de implantes. A proliferacao vascular e a presenca de fibrose foram prolongadas em relacao a cicatrizacao normal. A irregularidade do PTFE-E, provavelmente relaciona-se a maior quantidade de vasos e de fibrose tardia constatada neste material, quando comparado ao implante de silicone.

ACTION OF PAPAIN, SUGAR, MINOXIDIL, AND GLUCAN ON EXCISIONAL WOUNDS IN RATS

Abstract Four topical drugs were studied with regard to their ability to promote healing of open wounds in 60 Wistar rats. Five study groups were defined. Four of the five groups received one of the following substances: papain, sugar, minoxidil, or glucan. The fifth group or control group received saline solution (NaCl, 0.9%). An experimental model with wound standardization (6 × 3.5 cm) was used. The raw area and new epithelium were quantified in each rat by taking photographs from which planimetry was performed. The closure of the first lesion occurred on the 49th postoperative day. Quantitative assessment of collagen deposition was performed using image analyzing software on slides stained with picrosirius and observed under polarized light. Epithelium formation was greatest in the minoxidil group, followed (in decreasing order) by the sugar, papain, control, and glucan groups. Significant differences in collagen deposition were observed among all the groups. The greatest amount of collagen was quantified in the glucan group, followed (in decreasing order) by the sugar, minoxidil, papain, and control groups. This data and possible mechanisms for the interference of each substance in wound healing are considered.

Estudo comparativo entre a sutura contínua e a com pontos separados na parede abdominal de ratos

The purpose of the experiment was to compare the continuous and interrupted techniques of abdominal clousure. It was used 48 male rats Wistar to realize longudinal laparotomies with a standardized technique. In 24 of them, the abdominal wall was closed by continuous suture and in 24 of them closed by interrupted suture. All of them using polidioxanone. In the 7th and 14th postoperative day, 12 animals of each group were submitted to euthanasia and the front abdominal wall was removed (without skin) and divided in two segmentes (cranial and caudal), one for hystological analysis with an objective measurament og collagenous and another to the test of tensile strength by tensiometer. The resultant data were submitted to statistical analysis. It was conclued that in the 7th day , the abdominal wall closed by interrupted technique is more resistant without significant diferences on collagenous density than the other closed by interrupted, and at the 14th day the results are similar, in rats.

Revistas brasileiras publicadoras de artigos científicos em cirurgia: I - características estruturais e administrativas das revistas

A expectativa do autor, ao elaborar e publicar oartigo cientifico, O a de comunicar a comunidade alvoos resultados de suas pesquisas. Com o objetivo decontribuir para o avanco do conhecimento, o pesquisa-dor assume esse compromisso com a sociedade utilizan-do-se dos meios adequados de comunicacao visandoalcancar o sucesso esperado. Essa pretensao serAE atin-gida, na medida em que o artigo for publicado em revistaque seja

Síntese da parede abdominal: sutura contínua ou com pontos separados? Revisão da literatura

Nowadays , is belivied that the single-layer mass closure is better than the individual layer sutures, with less risk of complications. Although there is alot of materials to be used, the types preferable to be best used are the monofilament inabsorbable and the monofilament long-term absorbable suture. There still are doubts about abdominal closure using continuous or interrupted sutures. Different publications, with different methods and ways of valuation, conclude advantages for one or other technique, or conclude similar results. About these doubts, the authors relate the continuous and interrupted sutures on the abdominal wall closure, emphasizing the technical aspects.

Um modelo de hérnia incisional em coelhos

Apresenta-se um modelo de confeccao de hernia incisional em coelhos. Foram utilizados 15 animais nos quais produziu-se hernia incisional mediante seccao completa da parede abdominal e da realizacao de sutura do plano musculo-aponeurotico a tela subcutânea e a derme seguido do fechamento da pele. Foram obtidas incisionais em todos os animais.