Saumya Gupta

The Abernethy malformation-myriad imaging manifestations of a single entity.

Abernethy malformation, also known as congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (CEPS) is a rare clinical entity and manifests with different clinical symptoms. CEPS are abnormalities of vascular development where there is shunting of portal blood into the systemic venous system. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) is a fast and effective modality for evaluation of CEPS. CT displays all the information desired by the surgeon as well as the clinician including the anatomy of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins, size and site of the shunt, presence or absence of the portal vein radicles, and helps to plan the therapy and even the follow-up of these patients. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has also emerged as a promising tool for the evaluation of liver lesions associated with the malformation. The Radiologist should be aware of the various imaging appearances of this entity including its complications. In this article, we describe the imaging appearances of CEPS, their complications, and their imaging appearances on CT and MRI. We have also described various associated anomalies.

A Rare Case of Primary Sarcomatous Hepatocellular Carcinoma Without Previous Anticancer Therapy

Primary sarcomatous hepatocellular carcinoma (PSHCC) is a rare and aggressive variety of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The recent evidence suggests that anticancer therapy promotes the dedifferentiation of the carcinomatous component and is largely responsible for this aggressive variant of HCC. However, in the absence of any anticancer therapy, occurrence of PSHCC is extremely rare. Herein, we present a rare case report of a 65 year old male patient, with a hepatitis B positive status, presenting with PSHCC without any history of anticancer therapy. Detailed immunohistochemical evaluation of the tumor was performed with comparison of morphological and immunohistochemical features of the sarcomatous and carcinomatous components. This appears to be the first documented case of PSHCC from India, to the best of our knowledge.

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma: Presenting as an Isolated Renal Involvement.

ABSTRACT Juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) is a histiocytic disorder of childhood that mostly affects the skin although extracutaneous and visceral manifestations are well documented in English literature. The renal involvement is less commonly documented as a manifestation of xanthogranuloma and the reported cases occur in conjunction with cutaneous xanthogranuloma, especially in association with multiple skin lesions. We present a case of isolated renal JXG presenting as a renal mass with perinephric soft tissue and muscle involvement but without any cutaneous manifestation. This is the first case report of renal JXG without cutaneous involvement, to the best of our knowledge.

Amoebic Liver Abscess with Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm: Successful Treatment by Interventional Radiology

Amoebic liver abscess is most common extra-intestinal presentation of amoebiasis. It is rarely complicated with vascular involvement including thrombosis of hepatic vein or IVC and pseudo-aneurysm of hepatic artery. We describe a case of hepatic artery pseudo-aneurysm as a complication of amoebic liver abscess treated with percutaneous embolization.

Correlative imaging in congenital heart disease

For the evaluation of congenital heart diseases (CHDs), echocardiography is the initial diagnostic modality and Catheter angiography is the gold standard for delineation of the anomalies. Though echocardiography is the initial diagnostic modality in CHDs, it has its limitations and Catheter angiography is relatively invasive and should be reserved for therapeutic procedures. Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) has emerged as an important tool for cardiac imaging owing to constant advancements in computed tomography scanners. With the judicious and innovative use of three-dimensional reconstructions, the depiction of congenital anomalies is more accurate and it is possible to perform a virtual surgery to aid the surgeon in planning the approach to the patient as a one or two step procedure, counseling the parents about the outcome and giving a fair estimate of the cost of treatment. MDCT acts as a one stop shop for a complete evaluation of the cardiac, extra-cardiac, visceral and skeletal anomalies; their combinations and subsequent effects on each other. Excellent delineation of the vascular compressions on the tracheo-bronchial tree, degree of main and branch pulmonary artery stenosis, anomalous drainage of pulmonary and systemic veins, interruptions and narrowing of the aorta, anomalies of origin and course of coronary arteries are unique to MDCT.

Magnetic Field Induced Phase Transitions In Polycrystalline BiFeO3

Magnetic field induced phase transitions in polycrystalline BiFeO3 from incommensurate to homogenous antiferromagnetic structure has been reported.