Sevgi Karakuş

Synthesis, antiviral and anticancer activity of some novel thioureas derived from N-(4-nitro-2-phenoxyphenyl)-methanesulfonamide

Due to a continuing effort to develop new antiviral agents, a series of 1-[4-(methanesulfonamido)-3-phenoxyphenyl]-3-alkyl/aryl thioureas 3a-i have been synthesized by the reaction of alkyl/aryl isothiocyanates with 4-amino-2-phenoxymethanesulfonanilide. These derivatives were structurally characterized by the use of spectral techniques and evaluated for their anticancer and antiviral activities. None of the tested compounds showed significant anticancer properties on A549 and L929 cell lines. All synthesized compounds 3a-i were evaluated in vitro against HIV-1 (IIIB) and HIV-2 (ROD) strains in MT-4 cells, as well as other selected viruses such as HSV-1, HSV-2, Coxsackie virus B4, Sindbis virus and varicella-zoster virus using HEL, HeLa and Vero cell cultures. Compound 3b was able to block HIV replication with almost 100% maximum protection at 125 microg/ml, and IC(50) values of 54.9 microg/ml and 65.9 microg/ml against HIV-1 and HIV-2, respectively.

Design, Synthesis, and Molecular Docking Studies of a Conjugated Thiadiazole-Thiourea Scaffold as Antituberculosis Agents.

In view of the emergence and frequency of multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis and consequences of acquired resistance to clinically used drugs, we undertook the design and synthesis of novel prototypes that possess the advantage of the two pharmacophores of thiourea and 1,3,4-thiadiazole in a single molecular backbone. Three compounds from our series were distinguished from the others by their promising activity profiles against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv. Compounds 11 and 19 were the most active representatives with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 10.96 and 11.48 µM, respectively. Compound 15 was shown to inhibit M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv with an MIC value of 17.81 µM. Cytotoxicity results in the Vero cell line showed that these three derivatives had selectivity indices between 1.8 and 8.7. In order to rationalize the biological results of our compounds, molecular docking studies with the enoyl acyl carrier protein reductase (InhA) of M. tuberculosis were performed and compounds 11, 15, and 19 were found to have good docking scores in the range of -7.12 to -7.83 kcal/mol.

Synthesis and anticonvulsant activity of new N-(alkyl/sub-stituted aryl)-N'-[4-(5-cyclohexylamino)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)phenyl]thioureas.

A series of novel thiourea derivatives carrying the 5‐cylohexylamino‐1,3,4‐thiadiazole moiety was synthesized and their anticonvulsant activity was evaluated. Structures of the synthesized compounds have been confirmed by IR, 1H‐NMR, and elemental analysis. All of the compounds were administered at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Some of the active compounds have different effects in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and maximal electroshock (MES) tests, indicating the therapeutical potential in petit mal seizures, but not in grand mal seizures. Compounds 10, 11, 13, and 14 carrying 2‐methylphenyl, 4‐chlorophenyl, allyl, and 4‐methylphenyl on the thiourea pharmacophore, increased the survival rate in the PTZ model. The ED50 values of the active compounds 10, 11, 13, and 14 were found 68.42, 43.75, 18.75 and 25 mg/kg, respectively.

Synthesis, anticancer activity and ADMET studies of N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-[(3-substituted)ureido/thioureido] benzenesulfonamide derivatives

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT ABSTRACT A series of novel 4-[(3-substituted)ureido]-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl) benzenesulfonamides and 4-[(3-substituted)thioureido]-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamides were prepared from 4-amino-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide (sulfamethizole). The structures of the synthesized compounds were determined by IR, 1H-NMR, MS and elemental analysis. The anticancer activity of these compounds was evaluated against human colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and human cervix carcinoma (HeLa) cell lines. Compound 4 (4-{[(2,4-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]amino}-N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)benzenesulfonamide) showed marked anticancer activity, being the most active compounds in this series with the IC50 value of 13.92 ± 0.22 µM and 37.91 ± 0.10 µM against HeLa and HCT116, respectively. In silico, ADMET was used to examine their pharmacokinetic properties. ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) studies were applied to develop new anticancer compound(s) with high selectivity.

Some N-(5-methyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-4-[(3-substituted)ureido/ thioureido]benzenesulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase I and II Inhibitors

According to the recent studies it has been proved that the solid tumors’ extracellular pH is more acidic than the normal tissue. However, the intracellular pH is similar to normal cells or even a bit more basic. To regulate the pH gradient between the intracellular and extracellular compartments the tumour cells excrete ion transport proteins, such as, H+ATPase, Cl-/ HCO3 exhanger etc (1). Many tumours also express CAs, the Zn (II) dependent enzymes catalyzing the hydration of carbon dioxide to from bicarbonate and a proton (2-4).