Sheva Maia da Nóbrega

A atenção psicossocial em saúde mental: contribuição teórica para o trabalho terapêutico em rede social

The most important objective of this article is to contribute for a psychosocial approach in therapeutic network, recommended for community services, in the context of the psychiatric Brazilian reform. The entrance door of those services in the SUS (Unified Health System) would be a Community Mental Health Center (CAPS) for this specialty and a PSF (Health Family Program) for a generalist health approach. The therapeutic network in the first micro-organization would function into an institutional system articulated and in solidarity with health organizations and also inserted in public policies programs that intend not to abandon the patient. The focus in this study is a process of deconstruction of the total institutions in mental health that forms a traditional circuit centered in the psychiatric hospital and a construction of a new mental health system that could function according to an autopoietic institutional dynamics. This situation could facilitated dialogical mediations in therapeutic relations and between the interventions connected with other institutions and could contribute for the social insertion of the user. Consequently, the psychotherapy practiced at the CAPS could include the possibilities of setting variations and network interventions in the significant social network of the patient, if necessary. It is concluded that there would be, in many cases, a dichotomy between this theorization and the practice in mental health in the SUS. It is recommended that the necessary steps should be taken in professional practices and public policies programs in order to overcome this dichotomy and qualify the mental health interventions.

Do amor e da dor: representações sociais sobre o amor e o sofrimento psíquico

Com o objetivo de analisar as experiencias afetivas relativas ao amor e ao sofrimento psiquico entre jovens de 18 a 30 anos e adultos entre 31 e 70 anos, com e sem experiencia de vida conjugal compartilhada, realizamos a presente pesquisa com uma populacao de cem sujeitos residentes na cidade do Recife, PE. Utilizamos o multimetodo (qualitativo e quantitativo) e atraves da Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia interpretamos os dados; com relacao aos dados qualitativos, foram realizadas analises de acordo com as categorias constituidas. Os resultados, confirmando as hipoteses, revelaram uma diferenciacao quanto ao conteudo representacional conforme as variaveis: grupo etario, insercao social e compartilhamento ou nao de vida em comum. A estrutura da representacao e similar em todos os grupos. Concluimos que existe uma representacao conservadora e metafisica do amor para todos os grupos, destituida de significacoes ou conotacoes associadas ao romantismo, sendo que o sofrimento, embora representado por todos os sujeitos como uma experiencia de dor e de perda, revela-se diferenciado e determinado pelas variaveis (idade, vida conjugal etc.) dos sujeitos.

Vulnerabilidade de mulheres em união heterossexual estável à infecção pelo HIV/Aids: estudo de representações sociais

Se discuten representaciones sociales de mujeres en union heterosexual estable, respecto de vulnerabilidad a infeccion por VIH/SIDA. Datos generados a partir de asociacion libre de palabras, constituyendose en muestra de investigacion fundamentada en Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales, desarrollada con mujeres seronegativas para VIH, de capital e interior de Bahia. El analisis factorial de correspondencia revelo significatividad para: procedencia, escolaridad y tiempo de union. La aceptacion de la traicion surgio como factor de vulnerabilidad para participantes con 1-5 anos de union estable del interior. Las mujeres de capital con 6-10 anos de union representan a la monogamia como forma de prevencion. Mujeres con mayor tiempo de union y escolaridad basica se auto-representan como invulnerables, al contrario de aquellas con 1-5 anos de union y escolarizacion media. Los resultados sugieren aumentar acciones para desnaturalizar coerciones socioculturales que engendran representaciones y favorecen la exposicion de la mujer en union estable al SIDA.This article discusses the social representations of women living in common-law marriage in terms of their vulnerability to becoming infected with HIV/AIDS. Data were obtained through the free association of words, and consisted of an excerpt of a study founded on the Social Representations Theory developed with HIV-negative women living in the state capital and cities in the interior of Bahia. The correspondence factor analysis showed significance for the variables: origin, education level and time spent in common-law marriage. Their acceptance of marital affairs emerged as a vulnerability factor for respondents with one to five years spent in common-law marriage, living in cities in the interior. Women from the capital, with 6-10 years spent in common-law marriage, reported monogamy as a form of prevention. Women with a longer common-law marriage who had completed only a primary education reported feeling invulnerable, which was the opposite of those with one to five years in common-law marriage with a secondary education. Results show there is a need for more interventions aiming to denaturalize the socio-cultural coercions that generate representations and make women in common-law marriages more vulnerable to AIDS.

Vulnerability of women in common-law marriage to becoming infected with HIV/AIDS: a study of social representations

Se discuten representaciones sociales de mujeres en union heterosexual estable, respecto de vulnerabilidad a infeccion por VIH/SIDA. Datos generados a partir de asociacion libre de palabras, constituyendose en muestra de investigacion fundamentada en Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales, desarrollada con mujeres seronegativas para VIH, de capital e interior de Bahia. El analisis factorial de correspondencia revelo significatividad para: procedencia, escolaridad y tiempo de union. La aceptacion de la traicion surgio como factor de vulnerabilidad para participantes con 1-5 anos de union estable del interior. Las mujeres de capital con 6-10 anos de union representan a la monogamia como forma de prevencion. Mujeres con mayor tiempo de union y escolaridad basica se auto-representan como invulnerables, al contrario de aquellas con 1-5 anos de union y escolarizacion media. Los resultados sugieren aumentar acciones para desnaturalizar coerciones socioculturales que engendran representaciones y favorecen la exposicion de la mujer en union estable al SIDA.This article discusses the social representations of women living in common-law marriage in terms of their vulnerability to becoming infected with HIV/AIDS. Data were obtained through the free association of words, and consisted of an excerpt of a study founded on the Social Representations Theory developed with HIV-negative women living in the state capital and cities in the interior of Bahia. The correspondence factor analysis showed significance for the variables: origin, education level and time spent in common-law marriage. Their acceptance of marital affairs emerged as a vulnerability factor for respondents with one to five years spent in common-law marriage, living in cities in the interior. Women from the capital, with 6-10 years spent in common-law marriage, reported monogamy as a form of prevention. Women with a longer common-law marriage who had completed only a primary education reported feeling invulnerable, which was the opposite of those with one to five years in common-law marriage with a secondary education. Results show there is a need for more interventions aiming to denaturalize the socio-cultural coercions that generate representations and make women in common-law marriages more vulnerable to AIDS.

REPRESENTAÇÕES SOCIAIS DE ADOLESCENTES GRÁVIDAS SOBRE A GRAVIDEZ NA ADOLESCÊNCIA

Este estudo buscou analisar as representacoes de adolescentes gravidas sobre a gravidez na adolescencia, com base na Teoria das Representacoes Sociais. A amostra foi constituida por 223 adolescentes gravidas do primeiro filho, com faixa etaria de 15 a 20 anos. Como instrumentos, foram utilizados o Teste de Associacao Livre de Palavras processados pelo software Tri-Deux-Mots para analise fatorial de correspondencia e entrevista semiestruturada que foram submetidas a analise de conteudo tematica. Os resultados da Analise Fatorial de Correspondencia evidenciaram oposicoes representacionais relativas a gravidez na adolescencia, conforme a idade e o estado civil. Pode-se concluir que as representacoes sociais das adolescentes gravidas encontram-se edificadas sobre elementos ambivalentes, incluindo, por um lado, o desejo que as impulsiona a pratica sexual e a gravidez e, por outro lado, a angustia decorrente do medo das perdas afetivas e psicossociais ocasionadas pela gravidez.

Manuseio com massa de modelar: uma estratégia sensível de coleta de dados na pesquisa em saúde e enfermagem

The objective is to report on the experiment of the use of Dough Modeling, while a projective technique, as a strategy for data collection in the qualitative research in health and nursing. Hence, this research was performed based on the Theory of Social Representations, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, with 30 women. The technique consisted of offering modeling dough to women who, while handling it, brought the significance of the contamination of human breast milk by virus, reporting it verbally. The results showed that women expressed not only tactile sensations but also visual and emotional sensations, materialized in the modeling, presenting the meaning immersed in their imaginary. The technique allowed expression of creativity and sensitivity, because through the art of modeling, women showed latent emotional content, and was proven to be a projective technique that is sensitive, affective and effective strategy of data collection for qualitative research in the area of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Qualitative research. Data collection. Projective techniques. Nursing.The objective is to report on the experiment of the use of Dough Modeling, while a projective technique, as a strategy for data collection in the qualitative research in health and nursing. Hence, this research was performed based on the Theory of Social Representations, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, with 30 women. The technique consisted of offering modeling dough to women who, while handling it, brought the significance of the contamination of human breast milk by virus, reporting it verbally. The results showed that women expressed not only tactile sensations but also visual and emotional sensations, materialized in the modeling, presenting the meaning immersed in their imaginary. The technique allowed expression of creativity and sensitivity, because through the art of modeling, women showed latent emotional content, and was proven to be a projective technique that is sensitive, affective and effective strategy of data collection for qualitative research in the area of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Qualitative research. Data collection. Projective techniques. Nursing.

DOUGH MODELING: A SENSITIVE STRATEGY FOR DATA COLLECTION IN HEALTH AND NURSING RESEARCH 1

The objective is to report on the experiment of the use of Dough Modeling, while a projective technique, as a strategy for data collection in the qualitative research in health and nursing. Hence, this research was performed based on the Theory of Social Representations, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, with 30 women. The technique consisted of offering modeling dough to women who, while handling it, brought the significance of the contamination of human breast milk by virus, reporting it verbally. The results showed that women expressed not only tactile sensations but also visual and emotional sensations, materialized in the modeling, presenting the meaning immersed in their imaginary. The technique allowed expression of creativity and sensitivity, because through the art of modeling, women showed latent emotional content, and was proven to be a projective technique that is sensitive, affective and effective strategy of data collection for qualitative research in the area of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Qualitative research. Data collection. Projective techniques. Nursing.The objective is to report on the experiment of the use of Dough Modeling, while a projective technique, as a strategy for data collection in the qualitative research in health and nursing. Hence, this research was performed based on the Theory of Social Representations, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, with 30 women. The technique consisted of offering modeling dough to women who, while handling it, brought the significance of the contamination of human breast milk by virus, reporting it verbally. The results showed that women expressed not only tactile sensations but also visual and emotional sensations, materialized in the modeling, presenting the meaning immersed in their imaginary. The technique allowed expression of creativity and sensitivity, because through the art of modeling, women showed latent emotional content, and was proven to be a projective technique that is sensitive, affective and effective strategy of data collection for qualitative research in the area of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Qualitative research. Data collection. Projective techniques. Nursing.

Vulnerabilidad de mujeres en unión heterosexual estable a la infección por VIH/SIDA: estudio de representaciones sociales

Se discuten representaciones sociales de mujeres en union heterosexual estable, respecto de vulnerabilidad a infeccion por VIH/SIDA. Datos generados a partir de asociacion libre de palabras, constituyendose en muestra de investigacion fundamentada en Teoria de las Representaciones Sociales, desarrollada con mujeres seronegativas para VIH, de capital e interior de Bahia. El analisis factorial de correspondencia revelo significatividad para: procedencia, escolaridad y tiempo de union. La aceptacion de la traicion surgio como factor de vulnerabilidad para participantes con 1-5 anos de union estable del interior. Las mujeres de capital con 6-10 anos de union representan a la monogamia como forma de prevencion. Mujeres con mayor tiempo de union y escolaridad basica se auto-representan como invulnerables, al contrario de aquellas con 1-5 anos de union y escolarizacion media. Los resultados sugieren aumentar acciones para desnaturalizar coerciones socioculturales que engendran representaciones y favorecen la exposicion de la mujer en union estable al SIDA.This article discusses the social representations of women living in common-law marriage in terms of their vulnerability to becoming infected with HIV/AIDS. Data were obtained through the free association of words, and consisted of an excerpt of a study founded on the Social Representations Theory developed with HIV-negative women living in the state capital and cities in the interior of Bahia. The correspondence factor analysis showed significance for the variables: origin, education level and time spent in common-law marriage. Their acceptance of marital affairs emerged as a vulnerability factor for respondents with one to five years spent in common-law marriage, living in cities in the interior. Women from the capital, with 6-10 years spent in common-law marriage, reported monogamy as a form of prevention. Women with a longer common-law marriage who had completed only a primary education reported feeling invulnerable, which was the opposite of those with one to five years in common-law marriage with a secondary education. Results show there is a need for more interventions aiming to denaturalize the socio-cultural coercions that generate representations and make women in common-law marriages more vulnerable to AIDS.

Manipulación con platilina: una estrategia para la recolección de datos sensibles en la investigación en enfermería y salud

The objective is to report on the experiment of the use of Dough Modeling, while a projective technique, as a strategy for data collection in the qualitative research in health and nursing. Hence, this research was performed based on the Theory of Social Representations, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, with 30 women. The technique consisted of offering modeling dough to women who, while handling it, brought the significance of the contamination of human breast milk by virus, reporting it verbally. The results showed that women expressed not only tactile sensations but also visual and emotional sensations, materialized in the modeling, presenting the meaning immersed in their imaginary. The technique allowed expression of creativity and sensitivity, because through the art of modeling, women showed latent emotional content, and was proven to be a projective technique that is sensitive, affective and effective strategy of data collection for qualitative research in the area of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Qualitative research. Data collection. Projective techniques. Nursing.The objective is to report on the experiment of the use of Dough Modeling, while a projective technique, as a strategy for data collection in the qualitative research in health and nursing. Hence, this research was performed based on the Theory of Social Representations, in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, with 30 women. The technique consisted of offering modeling dough to women who, while handling it, brought the significance of the contamination of human breast milk by virus, reporting it verbally. The results showed that women expressed not only tactile sensations but also visual and emotional sensations, materialized in the modeling, presenting the meaning immersed in their imaginary. The technique allowed expression of creativity and sensitivity, because through the art of modeling, women showed latent emotional content, and was proven to be a projective technique that is sensitive, affective and effective strategy of data collection for qualitative research in the area of health and nursing. DESCRIPTORS: Qualitative research. Data collection. Projective techniques. Nursing.