Shigeru Kakumoto

Urban change detection related to earthquakes using an adaptive nonlinear mapping of high-resolution images

We propose a nonlinear mapping method for detecting geographical changes. In our system, two images photographed at different points of time are checked based on an iterative nonlinear mapping. The system automatically extracts feature changes of aerial imageries by computing distribution of the image matching score. We evaluate the change detection ability by using the receiver operating characteristic under misregistration cases, including rotational misalignments.

Automatic detection of damaged area of Iran earthquake by high-resolution satellite imagery

The huge earthquake of magnitude 6.3 had occurred at Bam city of southeastern Iran on December 26, 2003. The author applied nonlinear mapping method for detection of collapsed building area due to Iran earthquake with high-resolution QuickBird satellite images. As a result, ROC evaluation based on the result of photo interpretation by operator showed that the detection ratio of the proposed method is 75-90% of changed area with 20% of false alarm.

Development of spatial temporal geographic information system and risk adaptive regional management information system - toward development of GIS based on Asian culture for disaster prevention

Through the experience of developing GIS for disaster prevention we noticed that requirements for GIS could be divided into at least 3 categories. The first type of GIS is for regional analysis and decision-making based on data integrating detailed geographical historical (temporal) information of a region to the maximum extent. This type of GIS can give solutions for federal or local government requirements. The second type of GIS is for general public use such as to use instead of a paper map. Requirement of data is mainly positions of geographic objects which are subsets of the first type of GIS data and such as service information mainly as attributes which are gathered by unspecified people and system has to be simple. The third type of GIS is for special purposed GIS such as car navigation systems of which functional requirements are almost finalized. Compactness, efficiency, and cost are important. We propose a solution which satisfies a variety of requirements of GIS by combination of non-Internet GIS and Internet/Web GIS related to realization of disaster mitigation and environment analysis. As geographic information is based on culture and way of living of each country, we believe GIS based on Asian culture has to be developed by collaborative research and development of Asian countries.

Development of early stage image acquisition system for disaster mitigation

In the stage right after the outbreak of massive disaster, prompt acquisition of collapsed area from the wide stricken region is required by a rescue side and a decisionmaking side in headquarters for disaster management. In this paper, we propose an early stage image acquisition system for ubiquitous observation. The mobile system is designed on the assumption that the main operator of the system is a rescue staff who is occupied in the search and rescue of sufferers. The system consists of a small-sized balloon, a balloon control system, a data acquisition and transmission unit and the data receiving system. The data acquisition unit is replaced with one of two units in accordance with the objective of observation. A video signal acquisition unit is for the utilization in rescue side and a still image acquisition unit is for the utilization in decision-making side and Spatial-Temporal GIS. We inspected the performance of the system by image acquisition experiments in practice, and discussed and investigated problems to be solved.

An Introduction to the Spatial-Temporal GIS 'DiMSIS-Ex' and its Application for the Recovery and Restoration Process after Large Disasters in Düzce City: Construction of the New Residential Area and Traffic Network

To contribute to the improvement of regional safety, we have developed a spatial-temporal information system under the concept of a risk-adaptive regional management information system (RARMIS). This system can be characterized as follows: (1) Coordination between normal and emergency functions. (2) Integrated database for handling spatial-temporal data. (3) Implicit topological data descriptions. In this paper, technical matters about spatial-temporal GIS and its applicability for not only disaster prevention but also a broader kind of analyses and the daily tasks of local governments will be explained at first. Then, the case study of Duzce city will be mentioned as an example of the application of spatial-temporal GIS. Relatively soon after the earthquake, it was decided to develop a new residential area in the suburbs of the city and let 50,000 people emigrate there. However, because the road conditions were not so good, we tried to check whether the traffic capacity of the roads between the new residential area and the city center was adequate. Concretely, we surveyed traffic volumes and found that while no serious traffic jams occurred the trip took about 45 minutes. Accordingly, we suggested a new trunk road was needed and also, using vacant lots in the center of the city, small but numerous parking lots might be constructed. At the time of writing, this work has been completed almost according to our suggestions. Now, both areas are connected by a new 8 km-long trunk road and the trip takes only 6 minutes.

Study on flood risk management based on soil moisture estimation using ALOS PALSAR

The aim of this study was to contribute for the flood disaster mitigation. We examined a derivation of the simple method as an integrated information processing for a prior risk analysis on the flood disaster by using change in the soil moisture content based on the periodically basic observation mode data of ALOS PALSAR, geographical information and point observed value of precipitation data. The soil moisture content is basically important for the understanding of flooding processes. The qualitative relationship between the radar backscatter and the soil moisture content was discerned.