Shmuel Nussinov

A decommissioned LHC model magnet as an axion telescope

The 8.4 T, 10 m long transverse magnetic field of a twin aperture LHC bending magnet can be utilized as a macroscopic coherent solar axion-to-photon converter. Numerical calculations show that the integrated time of alignment with the Sun would be 33 days/yr with the magnet on a tracking table capable of

Does Nature Like Nambu-Goldstone Bosons?

5i in the vertical direction and

Experimental Search for Solar Axions via Coherent Primakoff Conversion in a Germanium Spectrometer

40i in the horizontal direction. The existing lower bound on the axion-to-photon coupling constant can be improved by a factor between 30 and 100 in 3 yr, i.e., g !cc [9]10~11 GeV~1 for axion masses [ 1 eV. This value falls within the existing open axion mass window. The same set-up can simultaneously search for low- and high-energy celestial axions, or axion-like particles, scanning the sky as the Earth rotates and orbits the Sun. ( 1999 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Quantum interference experiments, modular variables and weak measurements

We argue here that many (up to around 30 species) so far undetected Goldstone bosons could exist in nature, for example, associated with the spontaneous breaking of a horizontal global symmetry, provided the breaking scale is V ≳ 1010 GeV. Since Goldstone bosons do not generate r−1 but spin-dependent r−3 non-relativistic long-range potentials, the apparently most dramatic effect of massless bosons (new long-range forces competing with gravitation and electromagnetism) is easily avoidable (the Glasgow-Weinberg-Salam breaking scale is enough); μ→eG and K→πG provide the most restrictive bounds and probably the only possibility to look for Goldstone bosons in the laboratory.

Coherence effects in neutrino oscillations

Results are reported of an experimental search for the unique, rapidly varying temporal pattern of solar axions coherently converting into photons via the Primakoff effect in a single crystal germanium detector when axions are incident at a Bragg angle with a crystalline plane. The analysis of 1.94thinspthinspkgthinspyr of data from the 1thinspthinspkg DEMOS detector in Sierra Grande, Argentina, yields a new laboratory bound by an axion-photon coupling of g{sub a{gamma}{gamma}}{lt}2.7{times}10{sup {minus}9} GeV{sup {minus}1} , independent of axion mass up to {approximately}1 keV . {copyright} {ital 1998} {ital The American Physical Society }

Energy dependence of direct detection cross section for asymmetric mirror dark matter

We address the problem of interference using the Heisenberg picture and highlight some new aspects through the use of pre-selection, post-selection, weak measurements and modular variables. We present a physical explanation for the different behaviors of a single particle when the distant slit is open or closed; instead of having a quantum wave that passes through all slits, we have a localized particle with non-local interactions with the other slit(s). We introduce a Gedanken experiment to measure this non-local exchange. While the Heisenberg and Schrodinger pictures are equivalent formulations of quantum mechanics, nevertheless, the results discussed here support a new approach to quantum mechanics which has lead to new insights, new intuitions, new experiments and even the possibility of new devices that were missing from the old perspective.

Neutron Stars: Graveyard of Charged Dark Matter

We study the effect of coherent and incoherent broadening on neutrino oscillations both in vacuum and in the presence of matter (the MSW effect). We show under very general assumptions that it is not possible to distinguish experimentally neutrinos produced in some region of space as wave packets from those produced in the same region of space as plane waves with the same energy distribution. {copyright} {ital 1995 The American Physical Society.}

Theory for the direct detection of solar axions by coherent Primakoff conversion in germanium detectors

In a recent paper, four of the present authors proposed a class of dark matter models where generalized parity symmetry leads to equality of dark matter abundance with baryon asymmetry of the Universe and predicts dark matter mass to be around 5 GeV. In this paper, we explore how this model can be tested in direct search experiments. In particular, we point out that if the dark matter happens to be the mirror neutron, the direct detection cross section has the unique feature that it increases at low recoil energy unlike the case of conventional weakly interacting massive particles. It is also interesting to note that the predicted spin-dependent scattering could make significant contribution to the total direct detection rate, especially for light nucleus. With this scenario, one could explain recent DAMA and CoGeNT results.

Superluminal neutrinos at OPERA confront pion decay kinematics.

Abstract If charged massive particles (10 2 GeV ⪅ m x ⪅ 10 16 GeV) made up the dark halo of the Galaxy, they would be present in large numbers in disk stars. In neutron stars theses particles would form a black hole and destroy the star on time scales ⪅ 10 yr. Charged massive particles therefore cannot make up even a tiny fraction (⪅10 −5 ) of the dark halo.

GAUGE MODEL FOR MAXIMAL NEUTRINO MIXING

Abstract It is assumed that axion-like Nambu Goldstone bosons exist and are created in the sun by Primakoff conversion of photons in the Coulomb fields of nuclei. Detection rates are calculated in germanium detectors due to the coherent conversion of axions to photons in the lattice when the incident angle fulfills the Bragg condition for a given crystalline plane. The rates are correlated with the relative positions of the sun and detector yielding a definite recognizable sub-diurnal temporal pattern. A major experiment is proposed based on a large detector array.