Shun-ichi Sato

Treatment of distillery wastewater discharged from beet molasses-spirits production using yeast

Abstract Treatment of wastewater discharged from beet molasses-spirits production using yeast was studied. Two flocculant strains, Hansenula fabianii J 640-4-1 and Hansenula anomala J 45-N-5, and a strain, I-44, isolated from soil were suitable for treatment of wastewater at the concentration of 47,300 ppm of total organic carbon (TOC). Especially in the case of 2-step treatment using J 45-N-5 and I-44, TOC decreased to 11,900 ppm, and the C/N ratio (TOC/Total nitrogen) decreased from 14.8 to 4.6.

Rarobacter faecitabidus gen. nov., sp. nov., a yeast-lysing coryneform bacterium

Phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics of four isolates of yeast-lysing bacteria isolated from wastewater treatment systems were examined. The isolates were nonsporeforming, gram-positive, facultative anaerobic, irregular rods that were motile by multitrichous flagella. The isolates had an absolute requirement for hemin or hemoproteins for aerobic growth. Under anaerobic conditions, the isolates did not need heme compounds, but needed carbon dioxide. The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) base composition was 65.7 to 66.1 mol% guanine plus cytosine. The amino acid composition of the cell wall peptidoglycan was d-alanine, l-alanine, d-glutamic acid, l-ornithine, and d-serine (1:1:2:1:1). The major fatty acid of whole cells was 12-methyltetradecanoic acid. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone with nine isoprene units. DNA-DNA hybridizations revealed clear separation of the isolates from known genera of the coryneform group. Therefore, Rarobacter faecitabidus gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed for the isolates. The type strain is YLM-1 (JCM 6097).

Ethanol fermentation of beet molasses by a yeast resistant to distillery waste water and 2-deoxyglucose

Abstract A flocculent killer yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain H-1, which was selected for ethanol fermentation of beet molasses, has a tendency to lose its viability in distillery waste water (DWW) of beet molasses mash after ethanol fermentation. Through acclimations of strain H-1 in DWW, strain W-9, resistant to DWW, was isolated. Strain M-9, resistant to 2-deoxyglucose was further isolated through acclimations of strain W-9 in medium containing 150 ppm 2-deoxyglucose. A fermentation test of beet molasses indicated that the ethanol productivity and sugar consumption were improved by strain M-9 compared to the parental strain H-1 and strain W-9. The concentration of ethanol produced by strain M-9 was 107.2 g/l, and the concentration of residual sugars, which were mainly composed of sucrose and fructose, were lower than those produced by the parental strain H-1 and strain W-9 at the end of fermentation of beet molasses.

Conditions of ethanol fermentation. Ethanol fermentation of beet molasses (part 2).

1.糖蜜を無処理で発酵を行なうと発酵の誘導期間が生じ, その間接種された酵母は, 主にNO2-により死滅した。しかしオートクレープを行なうことでNO2-は, ほとんど除去され, 発酵阻害の一部は, 取り除かれた。2.発酵の最適pHは, pH5.0付近であり, また発酵の最適温度は, 30℃ 付近であった。3.発酵の助成剤としてリン酸塩に効果があった。酵母の増殖に必要な最少リン酸濃度は100ppmから500ppmで, 酵母菌株により異なった04.発酵方式は, 撹拌しつつ初発TS10%で糖蜜の逐次添加が最も効率よく, 高いアルコール分, 高い発酵歩合が得られ, 残糖も極めて少なかった。

Isolation of a bacterium producing viscous compound during rice washing water treatment by yeast.

酵母処理中の洗米排水から粘質物生産菌YB-2菌を分離した。本菌はブイヨンではほとんど増殖せず, 洗米排水や米ぬか抽出液中で良く増殖した。YB-2菌はその増殖にL-リンゴ酸等の有機酸及びチアミンを要求し, 硝酸塩及び尿素を窒素源として利用できなかった。炭素源としてはフルクトースやセルロースでは増殖し難いが, グルコース, ラクトース, デキストリン及びデンプンを良く利用できた。pH4以下又は9以上では増殖できず, 30℃付近に最適増殖温度があった。酵母処理中のYB-2菌の汚染防止には洗米排水をpH4.5に調整し, メタカリを20ppmになるように添加することが効果的であった。本研究の一部は環境庁国立公害防止等試験研究費によって行われた。

Shochu koji making from uncooked rice bran.

各種蒸留廃液を無蒸煮の白ぬか, 特に中ぬかに添加することにより良好な白こうじを製造することができた。中ぬかで白こうじを製造する場合, 中ぬかに対するしょうちゅう蒸留廃液添加率を50%とし, 仕舞仕事を比較的短時間 (17時間程度) で行い, 仕舞仕事以後の品温を極端に低く (20～25℃) することがこうじ酸度を高めるために効果的であった。このようにして製造した白こうじの生酸菌による汚染は実験した範囲内で認められなかった。終りに臨み, 各蒸留廃液を御提供下さった各社並びにしょうちゅうこうじの製造法について御教示下さった当所島田豊明室長及び西谷尚道室長に深謝いたします。