Sibelli Passini Barbosa Ferrão

Elaboração de farinha instantânea a partir da polpa de fruta-pão (Artocarpus altilis)

Among the species of short cycle crops, with great potential to be increased within the agribusiness of the Semi-Arid Bahia, the pumpkins are an excellent alternative for production. In this region where are found the lowest HDI of Brazil, and populations with high incidence of hypovitaminosis A, promising materials of pumpkins with high amounts of carotenoids have a chance to be good accepted and inserted into the irrigated agribusiness. The aim of this research was to identify accessions of pumpkins from the Active Germplasm Bank (BAG) of Cucurbitaceas from Embrapa Semi-arid with high amounts of total carotenoids and vitamin A. The amount of total carotenoids found by UV-vis spectrophotometry (445nm) in different accessions (A) ranged from 14.93mg g-1 (A4) to 290.62mg g-1 (A43), with average value of 366.60 31.21µg g-1. In the access with higher amounts of total carotenoids a percentage between 60-70 % were quantified as α- and β-carotene showing a total value of vitamin A of 1,182.39 gRAE 100g-1 (A40) and 1,828.84 gRAE 100g-1 (A43). These results demonstrate that the 48 accessions of pumpkins BAG studied show a big variation in the content of total carotenoids, and may represent some high source of vitamin A, which really increase the importance of identifying genotypes for production in large scale of lines segregant of vitamin A.This work aimed to develop an instant flour using the mesocarp of breadfruit, variety apyrena, and assess its physicochemical composition, as well as to develop a flour based puree and determine its potential sensory acceptance by potential consumers, employing the consumer testing. The in natura breadfruit presented moisture in dry basis, pH, soluble solids and total acidity values of 74.58%, 6.01, 5.6°Brix and 1.64%, respectively, while the instant flour presented moisture, pH, density, alcohol content, soluble acidity and water activity values of 9.4%, 5.55, 0.61 g mL-1, 2.098% and 0.538, respectively. The equation adapted from Brooker, used to adjust the drying behavior, was efficient to describe the process of breadfruit drying. The puree breadfruit presented good acceptability by the consumers, considering the sensorial attributes evaluated, except for color, and most of them declared that they would buy the product.

Perfil tecnológico de sistemas de produção de leite resfriado

This study aimed to characterize the dairy producers in Territory of Itapetinga region using a semi-structured questionnaire. Seventeen dairy producers were interviewed and stratified into: small (up to 50kg milk/day), medium (51 to 200kg of milk/day) and large (more than 200kg of milk/day). The data analysis was performed using one-dimensional analysis and nonparametric analysis. Small producers have not been identified. Of all dairy producers interviewed, 17.6% were characterized as medium and 82.4% as large dairy producers. The average time in dairy activity was 22 years to medium dairy producers and 20 years to large dairy producers. The herd genetic composition was crossbreed Zebu x Taurus. The average milk production was 1260kg/milk/lactation to medium dairy producers and 1594kg/milk/lactation to large dairy producers. The lactation period was 274 days to both strata. The age at first calving ranged from 25 to 28 months, respectively, to large or medium dairy producers. The calving interval was 406 days to medium dairy producers and 480 days to large producers. All interviewed dairy producers vaccine their herds against foot and mouth disease. Only one dairy producer realizes the tuberculin´s test. The production systems evaluated showed low use of technologies and require a strategic management to improve animal production.

Desenvolvimento de bebida láctea sabor morango utilizando diferentes níveis de iogurte e soro lácteo obtidos com leite de búfala

Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar as caracteristicas fisico-quimicas, sensoriais e microbiologicas de bebidas lacteas elaboradas com leite de bufala e diferentes niveis de iogurte e soro lacteo. Foram desenvolvidas cinco formulacoes a base de leite de bufala, soro de queijo tipo frescal e iogurte. Os tratamentos foram: T1=10% leite, 10% soro e 80% iogurte; T2=10% leite, 20% soro e 70% iogurte; T3=10% leite, 30% soro e 60% iogurte; T4=10% leite, 40% soro e 50% iogurte; e T5=10% leite, 50% soro e 40% iogurte. Para o leite e soro, foram determinadas acidez titulavel (°D), densidade a 15°C, gordura, EST e ESD. As bebidas lacteas foram avaliadas quanto aos parâmetros: pH, acidez titulavel, gordura, proteina, viscosidade, cor (CIEL*a*b*), teste de aceitacao sensorial com escala hedonica de cinco pontos, ordenacao da preferencia, enumeracao de coliformes a 35 e 45°C e contagem de microrganismos mesofilos aerobios. Os resultados obtidos, submetidos ao teste de ANOVA e teste de medias com nivel de significância a 5%, revelaram que os niveis de soro influenciaram os valores de pH, acidez, gordura, proteina, viscosidade e L* das bebidas lacteas, enquanto as coordenadas de cromaticidade a* e b* nao sofreram influencia. As formulacoes com 10 e 20% de soro foram as mais aceitas no teste de aceitacao sensorial, bem como na preferencia pelos julgadores.

Use of FTIR-ATR Spectroscopy Combined with Multivariate Analysis as a Screening Tool to Identify Adulterants in Raw Milk

The objective of this study was to use Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis to identify adulterations in raw milk and in samples from producers. Five levels of concentration of sodium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide, starch, sucrose and urea were used. A total of 620 samples previously adulterated, frozen and lyophilized were analyzed in FTIR-attenuated total reflection (ATR) equipment and 15 peaks of the spectra were obtained. With the multiple linear regression method for samples adulterated with sodium bicarbonate, sucrose and urea, a coefficient greater than 75% was obtained, and with artificial neural networks all adulterated samples obtained a percentage of correctness greater than 76.6%, making it possible to identify adulterants from 0.1%. Of the 249 samples of producers analyzed, 2.4% were adulterated. With the use of FTIR allied to the multivariate analysis as a screening method, it was possible to obtain a satisfactory classification for the adulterated samples in this study.

PERFIL DE ÁCIDOS GRAXOS E FRAÇÕES PROTEICAS DO LEITE DE CABRA

The aim of this study/reviewer was to evaluate the profile of fatty acids and protein fractions on the goat milk. The goat milk has as main characteristic the short and medium fatty acid chain (C4-C10) that is, at least as twice as much of that observed in cow milk. The protein fraction on the goat milk is composed in average by caseins (71%), whey proteins, 22% (soluble proteins) and non-proteic nitrogen (7%). When compared to cow’s milk, the goat’s milk has less casein, more serum proteins and non-proteic nitrogen. Compared with cow milk, goat milk contains less casein, more serum proteins and non-protein nitrogen. The identification of goat Milk components and the characterization of their properties may serve for developing and implementing programs to improve the quality of milk and da iry products.