Silvana Nunes de Queiroz

MERCADO DE TRABALHO NAS REGIÕES METROPOLITANAS BRASILEIRAS

The political, economic and social configurations of the last decades of the twentieth century and early twenty-first, modified and set new patterns of organization in society over the years. Female participation in the labor market has notified new proposals for consolidation and confirmation of the role of women in the social environment. Therefore, this article has as its central research proposal, to do an analysis of female participation in the labor market in Brazil metropolitan areas. The data are from the National Sample Survey (PNAD) and were analyzed in the cropping that covers the years 2001 and 2008. Key statistics showed the rise of female participation in the labor market with a higher incidence in the Economically Active Population (EAP) in the years under review. In addition, the female unemployment rate decreased in almost all Brazilian metropolitan areas, by raising the occupancy rate. However, they are a minority in the formal labor market, when compared to men, given the high share of employed unregistered. In addition, they are still minorities _ in occupations of greater social projection, despite a context of increasing in the share over the years. In relation to the occupations of lower social projection they are the majority in all the metropolitan areas. Given the results, there is, of course, selectivity in the labor market in metropolitan areas in Brazil, especially considering the occupation according to gender. In such scenario, it is appropriate to propose more political confirmation of womens work, with full rights guarantees for them and for those who are exposed to noticeably higher degree of exclusion and the right to equality.

Avaliação empírica do emprego formal agropecuário na região Centro-Oeste no período de 2000 a 2008

The mechanization process of agriculture in Brazil has caused changes in the production and in the world of rural work in the country. On one hand there are high productivities, and on the other hand, there is a low level of formal employment. Accordingly, this article aims to analyze the agricultural employment generation features in Midwest region between 2000 and 2008, in the circumstances of this sector’s productive process. The data are from the Annual Social Information List (RAIS) and the General Register of Employed and Unemployed (CAGED), both of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE). It is suggested that the advent of technology in rural areas has turned the employment conditions worse in agricultural sector in Midwest region by showing a decrease in the relative participation of this activity when it is compared to other sectors, especially services and commerce, and middle-income decreasing between 2000 and 2008. In terms of profile, in 2008, the jobs created were primarily for unskilled male labor force, consisting of occupied up to 29 years, the majority earning at most 2 wages, working on micro sized companies with opportunities especially for the more educated. Key words: agriculture, mechanization, balance slots, Mid-West.

YOUTH IN THE BRAZILIAN FORMAL LABOUR MARKET: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS

In the 1990s, the high rate of unemployment was part of the reality of the Brazilian labor market. In this scenario, the youth labor was the most penalized by having the lowest employment rates, with most employed in the informal sector and obtaining low income. However, during the first decade of this century, the dynamics of the domestic labor market was different from that observed in the last decade, especially since 2004, with the increase in the creation of formal jobs. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the labor market of children and young people (aged between 14 and 24 years). The time frame of this analysis covers the years 1992, 2002 and 2012; Data refer to the Annual Social Information (RAIS) of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE). Methodologically a review of the relative literature on the integration of young people in work activities was performed, and an indicator for the estimation of the participation of young people formally employed in Brazil was calculated. The main results show that between 1990 and 2000 a worsening of the entry of young people in the Brazilian labor market began. In addition, it was found that the formalization promoted during the 2000s, did not reach the youth formal labor.

JOVENS NO MERCADO DE TRABALHO FORMAL BRASILEIRO: UMA ANÁLISE QUANTITATIVA

In the 1990s, the high rate of unemployment was part of the reality of the Brazilian labor market. In this scenario, the youth labor was the most penalized by having the lowest employment rates, with most employed in the informal sector and obtaining low income. However, during the first decade of this century, the dynamics of the domestic labor market was different from that observed in the last decade, especially since 2004, with the increase in the creation of formal jobs. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the labor market of children and young people (aged between 14 and 24 years). The time frame of this analysis covers the years 1992, 2002 and 2012; Data refer to the Annual Social Information (RAIS) of the Ministry of Labor and Employment (MTE). Methodologically a review of the relative literature on the integration of young people in work activities was performed, and an indicator for the estimation of the participation of young people formally employed in Brazil was calculated. The main results show that between 1990 and 2000 a worsening of the entry of young people in the Brazilian labor market began. In addition, it was found that the formalization promoted during the 2000s, did not reach the youth formal labor.