Silvia Scariotto

Enxertia interespecífica de jabuticabeira: influência do tipo de garfo

This research aimed to evaluate craft success and development of two grafted species of Jabuticaba (Plinia spp.) using different methods of grafting. A Complete randomized experimental design was used with ten replicates, under a factorial scheme of 2x3 (species x diameter of stem cutting), and the experimental unit was composed by one plant. Plinia trunciflora and Plinia cauliflora were the scion species grafted on P. cauliflora by cleft grafting, using herbaceous cuttings (diameters smaller than 3mm), semi-woody cuttings of low caliber (diameter 3-5mm), and semi-woody cuttings of medium caliber (diameter 5-7mm). P. trunciflora presented the higher number of buddings but the length of buddings were 44% lower than P. cauliflora. Budding percentage was not significantly different among studied species. The semi-wood cuttings of low caliber increased significantly the number of buddings and graft success when compared to herbaceous cuttings, not presenting significant difference when compared to semi-woody cuttings of medium caliber herbaceous cuttings.

Genotype-environment interaction on the density of peach buds cultivated in a humid subtropical climate

1Agronomist Engineer, MsC. Student of the Graduate Program in Plant Science at the Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa – MG. Brazil. E-mail: gener.penso@ufv.br. 2Agronomist Engineer, Dr. Professor at the University of Technology – Paraná, UTFPR, Pato Branco – PR. Brazil. E-mail: idemir@utfpr.edu.br. 3Agronomist Engineer Dr. Student of the Graduate Program in Plant Science at the. University of Technology – Paraná, UTFPR, Pato Branco – PR. Brazil. E-mail: silviascariotto@yahoo.com.br. 4Agronomist Engineer, Dr. Professor at the University of Technology – Paraná, UTFPR, Pato Branco– PR. Brazil. E-mail: moesesdanner@utfpr.edu.br. 5Agronomist Engineer, Dr. Professor at the Federal University of Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brasil. E-mail: marcos.sachet@ufrr.br. Abstract – Studies on the interaction of genetic and environmental effects on floral morphogenesis in peach trees grown in humid subtropical climate provide important information related to adaptation and for assisting in the selection of new cultivars. This study aimed to verify the genetic and environmental effects and to identify peach tree genotypes with greater shoot length, vegetative bud, flower bud density adaptability and stability under humid subtropical climate conditions. Twelve peach tree genotypes were evaluated over a period of eight years, during the growing season (2006/07 to 2013/14) in Pato Branco-PR, Brazil. Data were collected for shoot length (SL), flower bud density (FBD) and vegetative bud density (VBD), as well as temperature, humidity and precipitation. For the analysis of adaptability and stability we used GEE Biplot methodology. SL was influenced by the temperature and relative humidity. Increased exposure time to temperatures below 20 °C and above 30 °C, high thermal amplitude and relative humidity of less than 50% reduced shoot growth. VBD and FBD were predominantly controlled by the genetic factor. For VBD, the genotypes ‘Cascata 1055’ and ‘Conserva 681’ were the most adapted. For FBD, the genotypes ‘Cascata 1055’, ‘BRS Bonão’, ‘Conserva 681’, ‘Cascata 967’ and ‘BRS Kampai’ presented better adaptability. The genotypes more adapted to the FBD can be recommended for cultivation in the humid subtropical climate, since they also present greater stability in the production of fruits, independently of the meteorological conditions that occur during the vegetative and reproductive season.

Produção de mudas de videira cv. Bordô/Paulsen 1103 pela enxertia de mesa com estratificação

O emprego de praticas adequadas na implantacao do vinhedo, principalmente o uso de mudas enxertadas com boa sanidade, e fator essencial para o sucesso da viticultura no Brasil e, em especial, no Sudoeste do Parana. O objetivo do trabalho foi testar temperatura de estratificacao, tipo e epoca de enxertia para producao de mudas da cultivar Bordo/Paulsen 1103 por enxertia de mesa com estratificacao. Para isso foram implantados tres experimentos. No primeiro e no segundo experimentos, as estacas do porta-enxerto foram tratadas com acido indol-butirico (AIB) antes e apos a estratificacao, respectivamente. Ambos os tratamentos foram realizados em delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial de 3 x 2 (temperatura de estratificacao x tipo de enxertia), com quatro repeticoes e dez unidades de observacao (estacas enxertadas). O fator temperatura de estratificacao teve os niveis 19, 24 e 29 °C e o fator tecnica de enxertia foi com garfagem de topo manual e “tipo omega” com auxilio de alicate especial. O terceiro experimento foi realizado em delineamento experimental blocos ao acaso, em esquema fatorial 4 x 2 (epoca de enxertia x temperatura de estratificacao), com quatro repeticoes e 20 unidades unidades de observacao por parcela. O fator epocas de enxertia foi composto pelos meses de coleta (maio, junho, julho e agosto) e o fator temperatura de estratificacao, em dois niveis (19 e 24 oC). Os experimentos foram conduzidos em condicoes controladas (BODs e em casa de vegetacao). As analises realizadas na saida da estratificacao (21 dias apos a realizacao da enxertia) foram a percentagem de formacao de calo na regiao da enxertia e a brotacao dos enxertos. Apos a entrada na casa de vegetacao ate aos 70 dias, foi avaliado o desenvolvimento da brotacao, com uso da escala fenologica, e a mortalidade das estacas. Aos 120 dias apos a estratificacao foram avaliados a sobrevivencia final das estacas, o desenvolvimento do sistema radicial (numero de raizes e materia seca da raiz), desenvolvimento da parte aerea (area foliar, comprimento da brotacao e materia seca da brotacao). A enxertia tipo garfagem de topo apresentou melhores resultados que a tipo omega; as temperaturas de 19 e 24 oC facilitam a sobrevivencia do enxerto, sendo as mais indicadas para estratificacao; o mes de julho e o mais recomendado para realizacao da enxertia de mesa com estratificacao.